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PARADISE. 821
f
is joy Christian too. Also : stigen ze himel uf der scelden berc,
climb tlie mount of bliss, Wackern. Basle MSS. p. 5. The
Christian faith tells of two places of bliss, a past and a future.
One is where the departed dwell with God ; the other, forfeited
Eden. Both
by our first parents sin, is represented as a garden,
are translated TrapaSetcro?
in the LXX, whence paradisus in the
Vulg. ; this is said to be a Persian word, originally denoting
garden or park, which is confirmed by the Armenian bardez
(hortus). The only passage we have the advantage of consulting
in Ulph., 2 Cor. 12, 4, has vaggs, the OHG. wane (campus amoenus,
hortus) . Our OHG. translators either retain
paradisi, Fragm.
theot. 41, 21, or use wunnigarto, Gl. Jun. 189. 217. Hymn 21,
6. wunnogarto, N. ps. 37, 5; conf. thaz wunnisama feld/ 0. ii.
6, 11. ( after paradises wunnen, Diut. 3, 51. MHG. der wunne
garte, Fuozesbr. 126, 27. der wolliiste garte/ MsH. 3, 463 a .
OHG. zartgarto, N. ps. 95, 10. The name wunnigarto may be
substantially the same as vingoJf, winsele, as wunna for wunia,
Goth, vinja, lies close to wini (amicus). A strange expression is
the AS. neorxena-wong, neorxnawong, Csedin. 11, 6. 13, 26. 14,
12. 115, 23, of which I have treated in Gramm. 1, 268. 2, 267.
3, 726 ; it is apparently field of rest, 1 and therefore of bliss, and
may be compared to Goth, vaggs, OS. heben-ivang, Hel. 28, 21.
176, 1; the norns are out of the question, especially as heaven
is never called norna-vangr in ON. poems. Beside hebenwang,
the OS. poet uses odas-hem 96, 20 and up-odas-liem 28, 20.
85, 21, domus beatitudinis, the hem reminding us of heimr in
as the (
garto in wunnigarto does of asgar Sr. Up-
gla^sheimr,
odashem is formed like uphimil, and equally heathen. All the
Slavs call paradise rai, Serv. raj, Pol. ray, Boh. rag, to which
add Lith. rojus, sometimes called rojaus sodas (garden of par.),
or simply darzas (garden). Kai as a contraction of paradise
(Span, parayso) is almost too violent ; Anton (Essay on Slavs 1,
35) says the Arabic arai means paradise. 2
Like Valholl, the Greek Elysium too, rj\va-iov TreStov (Plutarch
abode of all the
4, 1156. Lucian de luctu 7) was not a general
1 The prjiffT-r) /StoTT?, Od. 4, 565.
2 To me the connexion of rai (and perh. of rad glad, willing) with pal s, pa,
p<? 5ios (pa tdios) easy, and petct easily, seems obvious. Homer s gods are /Seta
living in ease. TRANS.