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CHAELES S WAIN. 725
951 b has arctus the bear = ivagan in himile), that is explained
by the proximity of the star to the Great Bear s tail, as the very
name apfcrovpo? shews. 1
I have to add, that Netherland cities
(Antwerp, Groningen) have the stars of the Great or the Lesser
Bear on their seals (Messager de Gand 3, 339), and in England
the Charles-wain is painted on the signboards of taverns.
The Greeks have both names in use, ap/cros bear, and a^a^a
waggon, the Eomans both ursa and plaustrum, as well as a
septentrio or septentriones from trio, plough-ox. Fr. char, charriot,
Ital. Span, carro. Pol. woz (plaustram), woz niebieski (heavenly
wain), Boh. wos, and at the same time ogka (thill, sometimes og,
wog) for Bootes ; the Illyrian Slavs Jcola, pi. of kolo wheel, there
fore wheels, i.e. wain, but in their Jcola rodina and rodoltola 2 I
cannot explain the adjuncts rodo, rodina. Lith. gryzulio rats,
gryzdo rats, from ratas
(rota), while the first word, unexplained
3
Lett.
by Mielcke, must contain the notion of waggon or heaven ;
ratti . (rotae) Esth. wanJcri tahJied, waggon-stars,
from wanker
(currus) ; Hung, gontzol szekere, from szeker (currus), the first
word being explained in Hungaria in parabolis p. 48 by a
mythic Gontzol, their first waggoner. Prominent in the Finnish
epos arepdiwa the sun, Jcuu the moon, and otawa, which Castren
translates karla-vagnen, they are imagined as persons and divine,
and often named together ;
the Pleiades are named seulainen.
Never, either in our OHG. remains, or among Slavs, Lithu
anians and Finns, 4 do we find the name borrowed from the
animal (ursa), though these nations make so much of the bear
both in legend and perhaps in worship (p. 668).
The carro menor is called by Spanish shepherds bodna, bugle ;
5
by Icelanders fiosakonur a lopti, milkmaids of the sky, Biorn sub
v. F. Magnusen s Dag. tid. 104-5 (see Suppl.).
1
[From ofyos keeper, not ovpa tail] .
A/>Kro0i/Xa [bear-ward, or as we might
say] Waggoner, is Bootes, of whom Greek fable has much to tell. Arcturus stands
in Bootes, and sometimes for Bootes. An OHG. gloss, Diut. 1. 167a , seems
curiously to render Bootes by stuffala, Graff 6, 662. Is this stuphila, stipula,
stubble?
2 Bosnian Bible, Ofen 1831. 3, 154. 223. In Vuk roda is stork, whence the
adj. rodin, but what of that ? This roda seems to be rota, rad, wheel over again.
3
Lith. Bible, Konigsb. 1816, has in Job 9, 9 gryzo wezimmas ; gryzdas,
grizulas is thill, and wezimmas waggon.
4 Can this be reconciled with the statement, p. 729, that Finn, otawa = bear ?
The Mongol, for bear is utege.
TEANS.
5 Don Quixote 1, 20 (ed. Ideler 1, 232 ; conf. 5, 261).