Mapping the aliran of the academic discipline of entrepreneurship: A ...

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innovation being correlated to a firm. The next section addr esses the ontology of corpor ate entrepreneuring which I believe shows a propensity towards being constructed by those with high gravitas. 4.3.6 Ontological commitment and constructions 4.3.6.1 Corporate entrepreneuring sub-aliran 4.3.6.2 New Ventures and Corporate Venturing sub-aliran 4.3.6.3 Ontological commitment? 4.3.6.00 As discussed in the pr evious sections, the sub-aliran of innovation shows a marked prope nsity towards the small firm and corporation rather than the individual. If looked at from a Schumpetarian perspective, this is probably a logical development. Schumpeter’s [1950] five modes of innovation are: 1. Bringing a new product to market; 2. Introducing a new method of production; 3. Initiating a new market; 4. Opening new sources of supply of raw materials or half-manufactured goods; 5. Creating a new organization of industry. 4.3.6.01 Applying these modes of innovation to a firm or corpor ation is a logical development. However what I find less than logical within the aliran is the construction o f a corporate entrepreneurship sub-aliran. My question addresses: What does the ontology of corporate entrepreneurship do that has not been covered by the previously evolved ontology of corporate innovation, as per Schumpeter’s modes of innovation? The concept of ontological commitment seems to have been misplaced, rather than committing to ontologies that are currently existing within the discipline and expa nding on these, there seems to be a move to create ontologies with new names that replicate existing ontologies. This section looks at this issue in more detail in particular regards to corporate entrepreneuring. 176
4.3.6.1 Corporate entrepreneuring sub-aliran 4.3.6.1.00 The early 1980s marked the emergence of the corporate entrepreneurship ontology in the discipline, initially with two articles by Burgelman, and later championed by Zahra. Burgelman [1983b] (40) [1984] (22), who seemingly morphed from corporate innovation into corporate entrepreneurship, firstly had a high gravitas article with 40 citations on ‘Corporate entrepreneurship and strategic management, ‘Insights from a process study’ and secondly a lower gravitas product with ‘Design for corporate entrepreneurship in established firms’. According to Burgelman there was a perceived need, because the Schumpetarian model was no longer considered ‘adequate’, to encourage internal entrepreneurs and risk, within the corporation, particularly at middle management level. 4.3.6.1.01 Corporate entrepreneurship was seen as a way for existing corporations to gain competitive advantage that was seemingly not available under corporate innovation. According to Guth and Ginsberg [1990] (43) ‘Corporate entrepreneurship: Introd uction’ ‘The de novo development of new businesses within established firms reflects the process of corporate entrepreneurship.’ However the question I have is why does a new ontology need to be developed when the Schumpetarian model still seems valid and comprehensive? What part of these ‘new businesses’ is not covered under Schumpeter’s concept of innovation being new markets, new product, new organizations, etc? 4.3.6.1.02 One of the leading figures in this field is Zahra with a collection of gravitas articles in t he aliran as shown in Graphic 4m. 4.3.6.1.03 Corporate entrepreneurship was considered sufficiently significant to the discipline for the editors of Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice to run a special issue on corporate entrepreneurship published in Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, [1999]. Only the one article by Zahra, from this spe cial edition, made it into the aliran. 177
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Mapp ing the aliran of the academic
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2.5.2.1 Adolescent angst and acne 8
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Tables of Graphics Table of Graphic
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Attestation of Authorship I hereby
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Gravitas The concept of gravitas im
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Abstract In this study, I consider
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others), this finding should not be
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ehabilitated version of prejudice.
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1.1.1.03 The discipline’s influen
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The suggestion herein is that merel
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Nietzsche it comes to Foucault’s
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introduced in the next section). I
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1.2.03 This structure of this chapt
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1.2.1.07 In this dissertation I am
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1.2.3.01 Taking a n alternative int
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1.3 Positionality 1.3.00 By conduct
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dominate our world” [Rabinow, 199
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1.4 Structure of this dissertation
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arise if the construction of the di
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without any reference to epistemic
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2.1.1.06 The difference between an
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2.1.1.11 Smith [2003], comments tha
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2.1.2.03 Husserl used the term ‘i
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2.1.2.12 However I believe that it
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truth. ….. My problem is roughly
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The division between true and false
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have become a tool used in the exer
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2.1.4.05 Conformity to form is a in
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ejecting or accepting articles for
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Graphic 2c Foucault’s Triangle -
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[Foucault, 1980, p93]. If for some
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2.2.2.03 External to bot h the disc
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Foucault’s eventual reply to Gros
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Graphic 2d Model B - Depicting four
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In short, there is a problem of the
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Graphic 2e Model B - Including effe
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2.3.2.03 In Model B in Graphic 2e t
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While Foucault [2004] does, in The
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2.3.3.10 Given Leibniz’s ideas on
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2.4 Ontologies 2.4.1 Ontologies as
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ontologies, without such a simplist
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of the epistemology followed, e.g.
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thematic conceptualisation, or as p
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Graphic 2i Model H3 - Showing the l
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does discuss the various failings o
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primary power have, a tertiary powe
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2.5. Analysing the Discipline of En
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• being apparent in the perceived
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mass and it would appear that it wa
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Later in 2001, Low suggested the em
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2.5.2.2.06 O’Connor, Cherry and B
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compared with overall trends struct
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for each has also been dependent up
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of clear segregation or differentia
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2.5.3.08 Sciascia and De Vita [2004
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articles that show a predominance o
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structure to the episteme of manage
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Venkataraman (1997) argues that ...
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is being discussed is epistemically
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discourse-objects as discussed in s
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delimitations. Yet Foucault also of
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3.1 Methodology 3.1.1 Position Stat
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collection process which provided a
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in ‘horses for courses’ or, to
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work. However, it may be that for a
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Philosophy ….. does not consist i
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could be termed cross or inter-disc
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3.2 Data Collection Processes / Met
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3.2.1.05 However, a closer look at
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5.3.03 What has fur ther emerged fr
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1995 INNOVATIO N KUHN 1962 - 1996 S
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DEVRIES 1977 J MANAGE STUD, V14 JN
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COHEN Cohen,West, Aiken 1983 BUS RE
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WALDINGER 1986 - 1988 CAPITALIS M E
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DOSI 1988 DUBINI 1988 DUNNE Roberts
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CHANDLER Takashi 1990 COHEN Leventh
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KALLEBERG Leicht 1991 ACAD MANAGE J
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HORNSBY JAFFE Naffziger, Kuratko, M
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PALICH Bagby 1995 J BUS VENTURING ,
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LANE Lyles, Salk 1998 MARKETIN G, V
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References Acs, Z. and Audretsch, D
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from a process study, Management Sc
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Foss, N., Klein, P., Kor, Y. and Ma
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Hisrich, R. and Peters, M. [1998].
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Light, I. [1972]. Ethnic enterprise
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Mulhall, S. [2005]. Routledge philo
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Senge, P. [1990]. The fifth discipl
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Inc., Indianapolis. Weber, M. [1992
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