Perception verb complements in Akatek, a Mayan language

1. BASIC GRAMMATICAL FEATURES 95
Third, set B a xes have a predicative function on non-verbal predicates
which can be nouns like ix `woman' in (7) or adjectives like yalixh
`small' in (8).
(7) ix-ach
woman-B2
`You are a woman.'
(8) yet yalixh-to-in an
when small-still-B1 CL1s
`When I was small, ::: ' Franco (1993)
Finally, set B pronominal a xes also occur su xed to the dative and
the locative adpositions as shown in (9) and (10), respectively.
(9) e-ach
DAT-B2
`to you' Zavala (1992b)
(10) b'ey-ach
LOC-B2
`where you are' Zavala (1997), 444
Summing up the description of set A and set B pronominal a xes,
the following structural descriptions are provided. The general construction
involving set A pre xes consists of:
(11) prefix-head dependent
as re ected in the structure in (12). Synchronically, this constructional
similarity between V NP, PREP NP, Possessed Possessor can be accounted
for by the principle of cross-categorical harmony (Hawkins,
1983), which can cause a construction to diachronically spread from
one function to another (see also Bybee (1988) and Croft (1990)).
In Akatek, the head of this structure can be either a noun, a verb, or a
preposition, while the dependent can be either empty, or a lexical NP
or a pronoun.
(12)
Pre x Head Dependent
A- N NP/PRO/;
A- V NP/PRO/;
A- PREP NP/PRO/;
Set B pronominal a xes do not exhibit the same degree of harmony.
They occur as pre xes and as su xes. Non-verbal predicates, i.e.