Perception verb complements in Akatek, a Mayan language

50 3. PERCEPTION VERB COMPLEMENTS IN ENGLISH
and NPs, and last, but not least, the -ing of nominalization. In Table
1 the morphological characteristics of the PVC types are listed.
Table 1. Types of PVC in English (adopted from
Berman (1998))
PVC type morphological characteristics
1. nite ;, that
2. interrogative if, wh-phrase
3. adverbial as if/ as though, like
4. full in nitive to
5. naked in nitive
6. present participle -ing
7. past participle -ed
8. AdjP
9. PP
10. NP
11. nominalization -ing of
I do not, however, consider all possible PVC types in English. Interrogative
(1) and adverbial (2) PVCs, past participles (3), as well as
NP complements (4) and secondary predicates of the AdjP (5) or PP
(6) adjunct type have been excluded.
(1) John saw what she had brought.
(2) Sue looked as if she was ready to run.
(3) I felt my foot kicked. Gee (1975), 201
(4) He saw Harriet.
(5) He saw Harriet alive. Winkler (1994), 29
(6) She saw a reman in the house. Winkler (1994), 29
The above exclusions result in the following list of structural types, all
of which occur with the matrix passive PVs see, hear and feel:
1. Finite that-complements,
2. to-in nitives,
3. ing-constructions (present participle and -ing of nominalization),
4. naked in nitives.
The greatest structural and - as we will see semantic - opposition
exists between the rst and the last complementtype in the above list.
The nite that complements and the naked in nitives. Following a