Dermatologic Differential Diagnosis.pdf. - Famona Site

434 A CLINICIAN’S GUIDE TO DERMATOLOGIC DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS, VOLUME 1
DEGENERATIVE DISEASES
Disuse hyperkeratosis
Keratoderma climactericum of Haxthausen Can Fam Physician
42:629, 631, 1996; Dermatologica 172:258–262, 1986; J Am
Podiatry Assoc 68:595–597, 1978; BJD 46:161–167, 1934
DRUG-INDUCED
Acral dysesthesia syndrome – capecitabine; hyperpigmentation
and hyperkeratosis of the dorsal and palmar surfaces of the
hands and feet of black patients Cutis 73:101–106, 2004
α-methyldopa Semin Derm 14:152–161, 1995
Glucan-induced keratoderma AD 123:751–756,1987
Gold salts Ghatan p.230, 2002, Second Edition; Semin Derm
14:152–161, 1995
Hydroxyurea – long-term therapy JAAD 49:339–341, 2003; Rook
p.3481, 1998, Sixth Edition; Semin Derm 14:152–161, 1995
Lithium J Clin Psychopharmacol 11:149–150, 1991
Mepacrine Semin Derm 14:152–161, 1995
Mexiletine Semin Derm 14:152–161, 1995
Practolol Semin Derm 14:152–161, 1995
Proguanil Semin Derm 14:152–161, 1995
Retinoids Semin Derm 14:152–161, 1995
Tegafur – chronic acral erythema leading to palmoplantar
keratoderma AD 131:364–365, 1995
EXOGENOUS AGENTS
Aquagenic palmoplantar keratoderma JAAD 44:696–699, 2001
Aquagenic syringeal acrokeratoderma Dermatology 204:8,
2002; JAAD 45:124–126, 2001
Chloracne with punctate keratoderma BJD 143:1067–1071, 2000
Crack cocaine smoking – hyperkeratotic palms Cutis
50:193–194, 1992
Pesticides – weed sprayer with sclerodactyly of fingers and toes
with hyperkeratosis of palms and chloracne Clin Exp Dermatol
19:264–267, 1994
INFECTIONS AND/OR INFESTATIONS
AIDS – may be with or without associated pustules; seen with
T-cell count under 100 cells/mm3 ; may have concomitant
Trichophyton rubrum infection or may be seen with AIDSassociated
Reiter’s syndrome JAAD 22:1270–1277, 1990
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis – sporadic, autosomal
dominant, or autosomal recessive; associated with other
immunodeficiencies, endocrinopathies, abnormalities of iron
metabolism; keratotic candidal granulomas with skin and scalp
involvement, paronychia, mucous membrane involvement; may
be seen with multiple carboxylase deficiencies or ectodermal
dysplasia Annu Rev Med 32:491, 1981
Cutaneous larva migrans, generalized
Leprosy – symmetric palmoplantar keratoderma Hansenol Int
10:32–37, 1985 (Italian)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis – papulonecrotic tuberculid –
punctate palmoplantar lesions Int J Derm 21:470–471, 1982
Paracoccidioidomycosis – punctate palmoplantar keratoderma
J Clin Inf Dis 23:1026–1032, 1996
Pinta – tertiary (late phase) – hyperkeratoses of palms and
soles Rook p.1274, 1998, Sixth Edition
Pitted keratolysis AD 117:609, 1981
Scabies, crusted Can Fam Physician 45:1455, 1462, 1999
Syphilis, secondary – syphilitic keratoderma resembles Reiter’s
disease, psoriasis, lichen planus, Bazex, Unna–Thost and
Howell–Evans syndromes Caputo p.146, 2000
Tinea manuum Acta DV (Stockh) 36:272–278, 1956
Tinea pedis (Trichophyton rubrum) Rook p.1300–1301,1309,
1998, Sixth Edition
Tungiasis – focal plantar keratoderma BJD 144:118–124, 2001
Verrucae Tyring p.260, 2002; in AIDS; papilloma virus-infected
cells may have small eosinophilic granules and dense clumps of
basophilic keratohaline granules composed of E4 (E1–4)
protein, a viral protein which collapses the cytoplasmic
keratin filament network enabling release of other virions
JAAD 19:401–405, 1988
Yaws – secondary – hyperkeratotic plantar lesions fissure
and can cause crablike gait, hence ‘crab yaws’ Clin Dermatol
18:687–700, 2000; JAAD 29:519–535, 1993; tertiary –
keratoderma of palms and soles Rook p.1270, 1998,
Sixth Edition
METABOLIC
Hypothyroidism – keratoderma of myxedema Aust Fam
Physician 28:1217–1222, 1999; BJD 139:741–742, 1998;
Clin Exp Derm 13:339–41, 1988; Acta DV 66:354–357, 1986
Keratoderma, ichthyosis, and increased β-glucuronidase
Menopause Ghatan p.220, 2002, Second Edition
Mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders Bolognia p.873, 2003
Pheochromoctyoma
Tyrosinemia type II (Richner–Hanhart syndrome) – autosomal
recessive; photophobia, herpetiform corneal erosions, mental
retardation Curr Prob Derm 14:71–116, 2002; Ped Derm
14:110–112, 1997; JAAD 35:857–859, 1996
Zinc deficiency
NEOPLASTIC
Eccrine syringofibroadenomatosis (psoriasiform keratoderma) –
papules, plaques, or palmoplantar keratoderma, red papules and
nodules, solitary vegetating nodule, pyogenic granuloma-like
papule, crusted papules, flat red lesions, opalescent papules and
plaques, keratotic papules, tapioca pudding pattern on palms
and soles JAAD 26:805–813, 1992; diffuse unilateral plantar
hyperkeratosis BJD 149:885–886, 2003
Epidermal nevus
Epithelioma cuniculatum (verrucous carcinoma) – slowly
enlarging cauliflower-like mass; distinctive foul smell
Kaposi’s sarcoma
Leukemia cutis – macules, papules, plaques, chloroma,
nodules, ecchymoses, palpable purpura, ulcers, erythroderma,
bullae, gingival hyperplasia (AML or AMML); associated with a
grave prognosis JAAD 11:121–128, 1984
Lymphoma – cutaneous T-cell lymphoma AD
134:1019–1024, 1998; AD 136:971, 1996; AD 131:1052–1056,
1995; JAAD 13:897–899, 1985; Ann Intern Med 83:534–552,
1975; non-cutaneous T-cell lymphoma Int J Dermatol
30:871–872, 1991; Sezary syndrome; CTCL with focal
palmoplantar keratoderma
Punctate palmoplantar porokeratosis