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472 A CLINICIAN’S GUIDE TO DERMATOLOGIC DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS, VOLUME 1<br />

mites (Eutromicula) (chiggers (E. alfreddugusi )); Pyemotes<br />

ventricosus (wood mite) The Clinical Management of Itching;<br />

Parthenon; p.61, 2000; tropical rat mite (O. baconi ) Cutis<br />

42:414–416, 1988; cheese mite (Glyciphagus) bites –<br />

papulovesicles and pustules Dermatol Clin 8:265–275, 1990;<br />

fleas – human flea (Pulex irritans); cat flea (Ctenocephalides<br />

felis); dog flea (C. canis); bird flea (Ceratophyllus gallinae);<br />

beetles (Paederus fuscipes) – blisters, papules Eur J Ped<br />

152:6–8, 1993; carpet beetle (Anthrenus verbasci ) JAAD<br />

5:428–432, 1981; bedbugs (Cimex lectularis, C. hemipterus);<br />

mosquitoes The Clinical Management of Itching; Parthenon;<br />

p.63, 2000; sandflies (Phlebotomus, Lutzomyia) – harara,<br />

urticaria multiformis endemica in Middle East The Clinical<br />

Management of Itching; Parthenon; p.64, 2000<br />

Janeway lesion Med News 75:257–262, 1899<br />

Jellyfish stings<br />

Leishmaniasis Clin Inf Dis 33:815,897–898, 2001;<br />

AD 134:193–198, 1998; J Clin Inf Dis 22:1–13, 1996;<br />

post-kala azar dermal leishmaniasis – papules of cheeks,<br />

chin, ears, extensor forearms, buttocks, lower legs; in India,<br />

hypopigmented macules; nodules develop after years; tongue,<br />

palate, genitalia Rook p.1419–1420, 1998, Sixth Edition;<br />

E Afr Med J 63:365–371, 1986<br />

Lepidopterism – butterflies and moths The Clinical Management<br />

of Itching; Parthenon; p.63, 2000<br />

Leprosy – lepromatous leprosy Rook p.1224, 1998,<br />

Sixth Edition<br />

Listeriosis<br />

Lobomycosis<br />

Lyme disease – papular variant JAAD 49:363–392, 2003<br />

Majocchi’s granuloma<br />

Malacoplakia AD 134:244–245, 1998<br />

Meningococcemia – acute or chronic BJD 153:669–671, 2005;<br />

Rev Infect Dis 8:1–11, 1986<br />

Molluscum contagiosum, including giant molluscum<br />

contagiosum<br />

Murine typhus Clin Inf Dis 21:859, 1995<br />

Mycobacterium avium complex – traumatic inoculation papules<br />

BJD 130:785–790, 1994<br />

Mycobacterium haemophilum Clin Inf Dis 33–330–337, 2001<br />

Mycobacteria kansasii Ped Derm 18:131–134, 2001<br />

Mycobacterium tuberculosis – tuberculosis cutis orificialis<br />

(acute tuberculous ulcer) – red edematous papules break<br />

down to form shallow ulcers of mouth, tongue, dental sockets,<br />

genitalia, perianal region Rook p.1193, 1998, Sixth Edition;<br />

miliary J Clin Inf Dis 23:706–710, 1996; lupus vulgaris;<br />

papulonecrotic tuberculid Ped Derm 7:191–195, 1990;<br />

Ped Derm 15:450–455, 1998<br />

Myiasis Cutis 55:47–48, 1995<br />

Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis – infectious etiology – Serratia,<br />

Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus aureus JAAD 38:1–17,<br />

1998<br />

North American blastomycosis – disseminated blastomycosis<br />

Clin Infect Dis 33:1706, 1770–1771, 2001; Am Rev Resp Dis<br />

120:911–938, 1979; Medicine 47:169–200, 1968<br />

Onchocerciasis – presents with blotchy erythema and urticarial<br />

papules BJD 121:187–198, 1989<br />

Orf – reddish–blue papule becomes hemorrhagic umbilicated<br />

pustule or bulla surrounded by gray–white or violaceous rim<br />

which is surrounded by a rim of erythema AD 126:356–358,<br />

1990; large lesions may resemble pyogenic granulomas or<br />

lymphoma; rarely widespread papulovesicular or bullous lesions<br />

occur Int J Dermatol 19:340–341, 1980<br />

Osler’s node (subacute bacterial endocarditis) – small, red<br />

papules on distal finger and toe pads NEJM 295:1500–1505, 1976<br />

Paecilomyces lalacinus (cutaneous hyalohyphomycosis)<br />

JAAD 35:779–781, 1996; JAAD 39:401–409, 1998<br />

Papular urticaria Semin Dermatol 12:53–56, 1993<br />

Paragonimus<br />

Pediculosis – head lice – pruritic papules of nape of neck<br />

Rook p.1441, 1998, Sixth Edition; generalized pruritic eruption<br />

NEJM 234:665–666, 1946<br />

Peloderma strongyloides (nematode larvae) – exanthem of<br />

papules and pustules JAAD 51:S109–112, 2004<br />

Penicillium marneffei Clin Inf Dis 18:246–247, 1994<br />

Pheohyphomycotic cyst – fluctuant papules JAAD 28:34–44, 1993<br />

Pinta – primary AD 135:685–688, 1999<br />

Pityrosporum folliculitis J Dermatol 27:49–51, 2000; Int J<br />

Dermatol 38:453–456, 1999; JAAD 234:693–696, 1991; Ann<br />

Intern Med 108:560–563, 1988; JAAD 12:56–61, 1985<br />

Plague (Yersinia pestis)<br />

Portuguese man-of-war stings J Emerg Med 10:71–77, 1992<br />

Protothecosis AD 125:1249–1252, 1999; Cutis 63:185–188, 1999<br />

Pseudomonas – swimming pool or hot tub folliculitis; macules,<br />

papules, pustules, urticarial lesions JAMA 239:2362–2364,<br />

1978; JAMA 235:2205–2206, 1976; Pseudomonas wet suit<br />

dermatitis – pustules and papules Ped Derm 458–459, 2003<br />

Rat bite fever (Streptobacillus moniliformis (pleomorphic<br />

facultative anaerobic bacillus) or Spirillium minor (Soduku)) –<br />

macular, petechial, or morbilliform widespread exanthem;<br />

palmoplantar rash; arthralgia and chronic arthritis; Haverhill<br />

fever (raw milk) – papules, crusted papules, vesicles, pustules;<br />

chronic abscesses Cleveland Clin Q 52 (2):203–205, 1985;<br />

Pediatr Clin N Am 26:377–411, 1979<br />

Rheumatic fever – papules on extensor extremities near joints<br />

Rook p.2732, 1998, Sixth Edition<br />

Rickettsia slovaca (Hungary) – Dermacentor marginatus or<br />

D. reticulatus tick bite; erythema marginatum-like lesions;<br />

scalp papules, crusted scalp papules and subsequent alopecia;<br />

tick-borne lymphadenopathy Clin Inf Dis 34:1331–1336, 2002<br />

Salmonella typhimurium – rose spots on abdomen, chest and<br />

back seen in typhoid fever NEJM 340:869–876, 1999; Lancet<br />

1:1211–1213, 1975; AD 105:252–253, 1972<br />

Scabies – persistent nodular arthropod reactions on elbows,<br />

abdomen, genitalia, and axillae (pseudolymphoma syndrome)<br />

JAAD 38:877–905, 1998<br />

Schistosomal dermatitis – identical to swimmer’s itch Dermatol<br />

Clin 7:291–300, 1989; Schistosoma hematobium – groin and back<br />

JAAD 42:678–680, 2000; Am J Dermatopath 16:434–438, 1994<br />

Seabather’s eruption – Cnidaria larvae (Linuche unguiculata<br />

(thimble jellyfish)); Edwardsiella lineata (sea anemone) Rook<br />

p.1476, 1998, Sixth Edition<br />

Sea urchin sting – red rash on knees and ankles <strong>Dermatologic</strong>a<br />

180:99–101, 1990; sea urchin granuloma Int J Derm<br />

25:649–650, 1986; Hautarzt 31:159–160, 1980<br />

Sporotrichosis, disseminated Tyring p.342, 2002<br />

Staphylococcal sepsis<br />

Swimmer’s itch – cercaria of Trichobiharzia ocellata,<br />

T. szidati, Diplostomum spathaceum, Schistosoma spindale<br />

Folia Parasitologica 39:399–400, 1992; Cutis 23:212–216,<br />

1979; Hawaiian swimmer’s itch (stinging seaweed dermatitis) –<br />

olive-green or black algae (Microcolus lyngbyaceus) Hawaii<br />

Med J 52:274–275, 1993<br />

Sycosis<br />

Syphilis – secondary; malignant lues JAAD 22:1061–1067, 1990

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