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conference schedule and program with abstracts - Horticulture ...

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P-47<br />

Grape berry cuticle under water deficits: morphological, metabolomic <strong>and</strong> proteomic<br />

analysis<br />

O. Zarrouk* 1 , R. Francisco 1 , R.R. Santos 1 , J.M. Costa 1,2 , V. Fern<strong>and</strong>ez 3 , M.M. Chaves 1<br />

1 Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Oeiras, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal;<br />

2 Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Lisboa, Portugal; 3 Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (CSIC).<br />

Zaragoza, Spain<br />

*Corresponding author: zolfa@itqb.unl.pt<br />

The cuticle membrane is an essential structure of high functional <strong>and</strong> ecological importance <strong>and</strong><br />

is involved in the development of some disorders in skin of fruits. The cuticle restricts water loss<br />

between the epidermis <strong>and</strong> adjacent environment of the plant <strong>and</strong> protects against nutrient<br />

leaching, mechanical damage, <strong>and</strong> invasion by pathogens. Fruit cuticle composition influences<br />

berry weight loss during maturation <strong>and</strong> may determine the efficacy of alcoholic fermentative<br />

process during wine making, as it is 30% composed by the cyclic terpenoid oleanolic acid, a<br />

compound known to be important in such processes. Despite the importantce of fruit cuticles,<br />

little is known about its synthesis, assembly <strong>and</strong> metabolism. Recent reports show that cuticular<br />

wax deposition <strong>and</strong> composition influences drought tolerance. In addition, the lack of some<br />

flavonoids compounds was associated <strong>with</strong> alterations in cuticle thickness, cutin content <strong>and</strong> wax<br />

composition in tomato fruit cuticle. Combined <strong>with</strong> metabolic <strong>and</strong> morphological<br />

characterization, proteomics will provide a quantitative characterization of protein dynamics in<br />

response to water deficit <strong>and</strong> contribute to the identification of potentially biological players<br />

involved in the transport, deposition or modification of the cuticle. We studied the berry cuticle<br />

in three phenological stages (pea size, véraison <strong>and</strong> full maturation) under two water irrigation<br />

conditions (fully irrigated <strong>and</strong> non irrigated grapevines) by analyzing cuticle flavonoid<br />

composition, proteome <strong>and</strong> morphology. Berry skins from non-irrigated grapevines showed a<br />

different morphology, composition <strong>and</strong> more epicuticular waxes than those from fully irrigated<br />

ones.<br />

125


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