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P-106<br />

Characterization of grapevine NPR1<br />

Y. Zhang* <strong>and</strong> W. Qiu<br />

Center for Grapevine Biotechnology, William H. Darr School of Agriculture, Missouri State<br />

University, Mountain Grove, Missouri, USA<br />

*Corresponding author: zhangyiming522@gmail.com<br />

Non-expressor of Pathogenesis-Related genes 1 (NPR1) is a key transcription factor in the<br />

defense against pathogens by regulating defense-related genes in plants. Mutation of the NPR1-1<br />

gene in Arabidopsis plants reduces transcript levels of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes including<br />

PR-1 <strong>and</strong> makes npr1-1 mutant more susceptible to pathogens. There are two NPR1 genes in the<br />

grapevine genome. It is known that these two grapevine NPR1 genes are activated by salicylic<br />

acid analog, but their functions are still based on the bioinformatics prediction. In the present<br />

study, one full-length NPR1 gene was cloned <strong>and</strong> sequenced from Vitis aestivalis ‘Norton’ <strong>and</strong><br />

Vitis vinifera ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’, <strong>and</strong> referred to as VaNPR1.1 <strong>and</strong> VvNPR1.1, respectively,<br />

based on the high identity to the previously designated NPR1.1 of grapevine. Bioinformatics<br />

analysis indicated that predicted amino acid sequences of VaNPR1.1 <strong>and</strong> VvNPR1.1 differ by<br />

one amino acid. Over-expression of VaNPR1.1 gene in Arabidopsis npr1-1 mutant plants<br />

restores the expression of PR-1 gene, though not to the full scale. This result demonstrated that<br />

VaNPR1.1possesses similar function to Arabidopsis NPR1 in the regulation of defense-related<br />

genes <strong>and</strong> thus verified the function of grapevine NPR1.1 gene.<br />

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