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P-92 P. Cousins* 1 and A. Garris 2 Quality improvement in Vignoles through clonal selection 1 USDA-ARS, Grape Genetics Research Unit, Geneva, New York, USA; 2 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Cornell University, Geneva, New York, USA Corresponding author: peter.cousins@ars.usda.gov Vignoles is a valuable component of the variety mix in the eastern United States. Consumers appreciate its distinctive apricot, peach, and citrus notes in wines. Because it is relatively winter hardy (reliably to – 26 ºC), Vignoles is grown in such diverse locations as New York, Missouri, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Nebraska and Michigan. However, Vignoles has small, tight clusters prone to bunch rot later in the season, and losses up to one third of the crop are possible in rainy years. Despite consumer demand for Vignoles, the production of these wines is limited by bunch rot susceptibility associated with compact cluster architecture. Development of chemical and cultural practices to counter bunch rots in Vignoles remains challenging. Our goal is to select an improved, loose-clustered clone of Vignoles that will contribute to an integrated approach to disease control. Following gamma radiation, irradiated buds and non-irradiated controls were bench grafted onto 3309C rootstock. A total of 2336 vines, including 30 nonmutagenized Vignoles control vines, were planted in 2007 (500 vines) and in 2008 (1839 vines). The experimental vineyard is located at the Cornell Lake Erie Research and Extension Laboratory (Portland, New York) in the Lake Erie shore grape and wine production region. The clones were planted at a spacing of 4 feet between vines and 9 feet between rows. Vines were cultivated in grow tubes and drip irrigated to promote rapid vine establishment and growth. The vines were trained to a bilateral cordon, spur pruned, and cultivated following standard practices for hybrid wine grape varieties in western New York, including fertilization and weed, pest, and disease management. Many clones planted in 2007 fruited in 2008, but fruit was dropped to encourage vegetative establishment. The generation of new clones and the establishment of the vineyard are complete. The second stage of the project is evaluation of cluster looseness and bunch rot susceptibility. A pyramidal selection approach for cluster compactness is being followed, using berries per centimeter as a measure of cluster compactness. Screening in the population of clones has identified several clones with looser clusters than control, nonmutagenized Vignoles vines. 173 
P-93 Development of table and raisin grapes with high anthocyanins using a leaf disk assay D.W. Ramming* 1 and P. Cousins 2 1 USDA-ARS San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, California, USA; 2 USDA-ARS Grape Genetics Research Unit, NYS Agric. Expt. Station, Geneva, New York, USA *Corresponding author: david.ramming@ars.usda.gov Anthocyanins are considered an excellent source of antioxidant phytochemicals for health benefits. The majority of wine, table and raisin grapes have anthocyanins only in their colored skin. Anthocyanin content of grapes would be increased if their flesh also contained anthocyanins. The ‘Rubired’ wine grape has black skin and red fleshed berries. It was used as a pollen parent to introgress red flesh in a cross with a seedless female flowered table grape selection C33-30. It has red skin and white flesh berries. The F1 progeny segregated in a 3 colored:1 white skin and 1 red:1 clear flesh ratio for colored berries. Seedlings expressing the highest level of anthocyanins in the flesh and skin were equivalent to ‘Rubired’. Seven modified backcross families were created by crossing red flesh seeded F1 selections with seedless red skin table or white skin raisin grapes. Skin color segregated as a single dominant gene as expected. One red flesh parent was heterozygous for skin color and the rest were homozygous. Only seedlings with colored skin had red flesh. Flesh color segregated as a 1 red:1 clear in three of the families or in a 2:1 ratio indicting either a single dominant gene or several genes, with red flesh being predominant. One red flesh parent produced an abnormally high percentage (>80%) of red flesh seedlings. The assay consisted of placing leaf disks in 10% sucrose solution and observing the development of anthocyanins after 5-10 days under 12 hr photoperiod at 26C. When no anthocyanin developed in the leaf disks, their seedlings had clear flesh with white, red or black skin (30% of population) and could be discarded with confidence. Red skin seedlings with light red to red flesh as well as black skin with dark red flesh were identified accurately (>50% red in leaf disk). In some cases seedlings with red or black skin and clear flesh produced anthocyanins in the leaf disks and were not easily differentiated from black skin with light red or red flesh. 174 
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Date Time Session Topic Sunday Augu
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Monday August 2, 2010 Opening Plena
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Topic: Adaptation to soils and clim
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Tuesday August 3, 2010 Oral Session
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Poster Session 2 1:30 PM-3:00 PM Po
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P-105 Pathogen responsiveness and v
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Table of Contents Keynote Presentat
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K-2 Progress in grapevine breeding
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K-4 Genetics and Genomics of Grapev
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O-2 Additional homologs of the Ren1
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O-4 Y. Xu and Y.Wang* Introduction
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O-5 Identification of an R2R3 MYB t
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O-7 Sequencing of the phylloxera re
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O-9 Dissection of defense pathways
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O-11 Recent trends and technologies
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O-13 Brazilian Grape Breeding Progr
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O-15 Development of rootstocks for
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O-17 L. Wang* 1 , S. Li 1, 2 , P. F
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O-19 Integrated analysis of transcr
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O-20 Deciphering the chromosome str
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O-22 Identification of table grapes
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O-24 Metagenomic sequencing as a to
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O-26 Regulation of bud fruitfulness
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O-28 Haplotype structure and cluste
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O-30 Annette Nassuth Function of Vi
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10 to 25% of the chlorotic symptoms
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O-34 Cloning and characterization o
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O-36 New insight into the genetics
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O-38 Co-Localization of QTLs for Se
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O-40 Quantitative analysis of textu
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O-42 Transcriptional changes in res
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O-44 The Turkish grape (Vitis vinif
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Association genetics in relation wi
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O-47 Intravarietal variability of C
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O-49 Molecular survey of Georgian t
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O-51 Marker-assisted breeding: Iden
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O-53 An Integrated approach to stud
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O-55 Characteristics of promising m
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P-2 PMEI and SPY: Two genes with po
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P-4 Gene-assisted selection for tab
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P-6 Polyphenolic potential of the r
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P-8 Monoterpene levels in different
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P-10 Usefulness of the SCC8 scar ma
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P-12 The onset of berry ripening is
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P-14 Morphological characteristics
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P-16 A genetic analysis of berry qu
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P-18 Use of molecular markers for s
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P-20 Characterization of key compon
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P-22 Expression of early light-indu
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P-24 The development of molecular m
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P-26 Identification of ABA inducibl
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P-28 In vitro selection of HYP tole
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P-30 In silico SNP detection for ge
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P-32 Vitis vinifera genome annotati
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P-34 Genome-wide identification of
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P-36 Looking for genetic polymorphi
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P-38 Characterization of a new horm
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P-40 Towards a characterization of
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the overall identified polymorphism
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P-43 Proteomic characterization of
Page 121 and 122: P-45 Preliminary observations on th
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Page 125 and 126: P-48 ‘Cioutat’: a somatic varia
Page 127 and 128: P-50 Estimation of protein spot var
Page 129 and 130: glucosyltransferase, anthocyanidin
Page 131 and 132: P-53 Marker-free transgenic grapevi
Page 133 and 134: P-55 Agrobacterium rhizogenes-media
Page 135 and 136: P-57 Phenotypic evaluation of ‘Th
Page 137 and 138: P-59 Phenotypic divergence among gr
Page 139 and 140: P-61 Grepevine variety determinatio
Page 141 and 142: agricultural context. This network
Page 143 and 144: P-64 Genetic structure in a large r
Page 145 and 146: P-66 Analysis of grape rootstocks b
Page 147 and 148: P-68 Italian wild grapevine: a stat
Page 149 and 150: Rebula-Robola group were genotyped
Page 151 and 152: P-71 Viticultural performance of so
Page 153 and 154: P-73    Molecular characterizat
Page 155 and 156: P-75 Variation of berry polyphenoli
Page 157 and 158: P-77 Morphological and molecular id
Page 159 and 160: P-79 Studies on an excellent, early
Page 161 and 162: P-81 Effectiveness of different cul
Page 163 and 164: P-83 Some early maturing table grap
Page 165 and 166: P-85 New triploid seedless table gr
Page 167 and 168: P-87 Grape breeding and viticulture
Page 169 and 170: P-89 The usefulness of allotetraplo
Page 171: P-91 Drying rate of fresh berries f
Page 175 and 176: P-95 Reaction of grape rootstocks t
Page 177 and 178: P-97 Genetic analysis of the resist
Page 179 and 180: P-99 Berry cracking caused powdery
Page 181 and 182: P-101 Elicitation of grapevine defe
Page 183 and 184: P-103 The biological characteristic
Page 185 and 186: P-105 Pathogen responsiveness and v
Page 187 and 188: P-107 Screening grape hybrid famili
Page 189 and 190: P-109 Characterization of an ankyri
Page 191 and 192: P-112 Evaluation of grapevine germp
Page 193 and 194: P-114 Evaluation of four new rootst
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