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O-52 Functional characterization of terpene synthases of aromatic and non-aromatic grapevine varieties C. D’Onofrio* 1 , F. Matarese 1 , G. Scalabrelli 1 , P.K. Boss 2 1 Department of Fruit Science and Plant Protection, Section of Fruit Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; 2 CSIRO Plant Industry, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia *Corresponding author: c.donofrio@agr.unipi.it Grape-derived flavour compounds and some flavour precursors modified during fermentation, wine evolution and ageing, are fundamental in determining the organolectic parameters used to define wine quality as aromatic quality, persistency and complexity are wine characteristics that may influence consumer choice. The knowledge of the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites that contribute to grape and wine flavour is not well understood and only a few genes involved in berry flavour biosynthesis pathways have been discovered and characterised. The aim of this research is the functional characterization of candidate genes thought to contribute to the volatile profiles of ‘aromatic’ (Aleatico, Moscato bianco) and ‘non-aromatic’ (Sangiovese) varieties. Samples of flowers and berries, covering developmental stages from fruit set to technological ripening, of ‘Aleatico’, ‘Moscato bianco’, and ‘Sangiovese’ have been analysed for their aroma content and the expression of genes that are predicted to be involved in grape sesquiterpene and monoterpene biosynthesis. The aroma compounds have been extracted by SPE and SPME procedures and analysed by GS-MS, while the expression of characterised grape aroma genes and some candidate genes have been analysed by real-time-PCR. Some of the genes studied show correlations between their expression patterns and the accumulation of certain aroma compounds during berry development. These genes have been the focus of functional characterization studies and include sesquiterpene synthases (which has expression patterns that correlate with the production of farnesene in flowers buds and open flowers) and a putative monoterpene synthase that is expressed when linalool accumulates during the ripening of all three grapevine varieties studied. These genes have been cloned in E. coli and the enzymatic activity of recombinant proteins is discussed. The discovery and characterization of genes that encode enzymes from grapevine flavour biosynthesis pathways and knowledge of factors that influence their expression and activity during berry development would support decisions on management of genotype, environment and viticultural practices for improving grape flavour and aroma potential. 73 
O-53 An Integrated approach to studying the positional candidate gene 1-deoxyxylulose-5- phosphate synthase (VvDXS) involved in Muscat flavor determination. F. Emanuelli* 1 , J. Battilana 1 , G. Gambino 2 , L. Costantini 1 , L. Le Cunff 3 , F. Gasperi 1 , P. Boss 4 , P. This 3 , I. Gribaudo 2 , M.S. Grando 1 1 IASMA Research Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy; 2 Istituto Virologia Vegetale, CNR Unità Grugliasco, Grugliasco (TO) , Italy; 3 INRA UMR 1097 DIAPC Diversité et Adaptation des Plantes Cultivées, Montpellier, France; 4 CSIRO Plant Industry Horticultural, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia *Corresponding author: francesco.emanuelli@iasma.it Fragrance in table grapes and a persistent and complex aroma in wine are both sought after by the modern consumer. In particular, the floral flavor typical of Muscat varieties, due to high levels of monoterpenoids (geraniol, linalool and nerol), is highly distinct and has been greatly appreciated since ancient times. Muscat flavor determination in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) has up to now been studied by evaluating monoterpenoid quantity through QTL analysis. These studies have revealed co-localization of 1-deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase (VvDXS) with the major QTL positioned on chromosome 5. The aim of the present study was to assess the connection between the positional candidate gene VvDXS and muscat flavor by investigating the nucleotide diversity of VvDXS ORF and its expression profiles in the grape berry. Association between VvDXS polymorphisms and muscat flavor was evaluated through a structured association analysis. A putative causal SNP responsible for a predicted non-neutral substitution was found to be significantly associated with muscat-flavored varieties. Moreover, muscat-like aromatic mutants displayed unique heterozygous non-synonymous mutations near the mutated site of Muscat genotypes. The relationship between the transcription profile of VvDXS alleles and monoterpenoid accumulation was investigated over an extended period of berry development. It is possible that a particular trend in expression rather than the level of expression ratio affects monoterpenoid accumulation in Moscato Bianco. In vivo experiments using transgenic tobacco and in vitro enzymatic assays suggest that the putative causal SNP raises monoterpenoid accumulation by changing the 3D protein structure and by increasing VvDXS activity in Muscat enzyme form. 74 
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Date Time Session Topic Sunday Augu
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Monday August 2, 2010 Opening Plena
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Topic: Adaptation to soils and clim
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Tuesday August 3, 2010 Oral Session
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Poster Session 2 1:30 PM-3:00 PM Po
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P-105 Pathogen responsiveness and v
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Table of Contents Keynote Presentat
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K-2 Progress in grapevine breeding
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K-4 Genetics and Genomics of Grapev
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O-2 Additional homologs of the Ren1
Page 21 and 22: O-4 Y. Xu and Y.Wang* Introduction
Page 23 and 24: O-5 Identification of an R2R3 MYB t
Page 25 and 26: O-7 Sequencing of the phylloxera re
Page 27 and 28: O-9 Dissection of defense pathways
Page 29 and 30: O-11 Recent trends and technologies
Page 31 and 32: O-13 Brazilian Grape Breeding Progr
Page 33 and 34: O-15 Development of rootstocks for
Page 35 and 36: O-17 L. Wang* 1 , S. Li 1, 2 , P. F
Page 37 and 38: O-19 Integrated analysis of transcr
Page 39 and 40: O-20 Deciphering the chromosome str
Page 41 and 42: O-22 Identification of table grapes
Page 43 and 44: O-24 Metagenomic sequencing as a to
Page 45 and 46: O-26 Regulation of bud fruitfulness
Page 47 and 48: O-28 Haplotype structure and cluste
Page 49 and 50: O-30 Annette Nassuth Function of Vi
Page 51 and 52: 10 to 25% of the chlorotic symptoms
Page 53 and 54: O-34 Cloning and characterization o
Page 55 and 56: O-36 New insight into the genetics
Page 57 and 58: O-38 Co-Localization of QTLs for Se
Page 59 and 60: O-40 Quantitative analysis of textu
Page 61 and 62: O-42 Transcriptional changes in res
Page 63 and 64: O-44 The Turkish grape (Vitis vinif
Page 65 and 66: Association genetics in relation wi
Page 67 and 68: O-47 Intravarietal variability of C
Page 69 and 70: O-49 Molecular survey of Georgian t
Page 71: O-51 Marker-assisted breeding: Iden
Page 75 and 76: O-55 Characteristics of promising m
Page 77 and 78: P-2 PMEI and SPY: Two genes with po
Page 79 and 80: P-4 Gene-assisted selection for tab
Page 81 and 82: P-6 Polyphenolic potential of the r
Page 83 and 84: P-8 Monoterpene levels in different
Page 85 and 86: P-10 Usefulness of the SCC8 scar ma
Page 87 and 88: P-12 The onset of berry ripening is
Page 89 and 90: P-14 Morphological characteristics
Page 91 and 92: P-16 A genetic analysis of berry qu
Page 93 and 94: P-18 Use of molecular markers for s
Page 95 and 96: P-20 Characterization of key compon
Page 97 and 98: P-22 Expression of early light-indu
Page 99 and 100: P-24 The development of molecular m
Page 101 and 102: P-26 Identification of ABA inducibl
Page 103 and 104: P-28 In vitro selection of HYP tole
Page 105 and 106: P-30 In silico SNP detection for ge
Page 107 and 108: P-32 Vitis vinifera genome annotati
Page 109 and 110: P-34 Genome-wide identification of
Page 111 and 112: P-36 Looking for genetic polymorphi
Page 113 and 114: P-38 Characterization of a new horm
Page 115 and 116: P-40 Towards a characterization of
Page 117 and 118: the overall identified polymorphism
Page 119 and 120: P-43 Proteomic characterization of
Page 121 and 122: P-45 Preliminary observations on th
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grapevine which will eventually be
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P-48 ‘Cioutat’: a somatic varia
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P-50 Estimation of protein spot var
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glucosyltransferase, anthocyanidin
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P-53 Marker-free transgenic grapevi
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P-55 Agrobacterium rhizogenes-media
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P-57 Phenotypic evaluation of ‘Th
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P-59 Phenotypic divergence among gr
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P-61 Grepevine variety determinatio
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agricultural context. This network
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P-64 Genetic structure in a large r
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P-66 Analysis of grape rootstocks b
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P-68 Italian wild grapevine: a stat
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Rebula-Robola group were genotyped
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P-71 Viticultural performance of so
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P-73    Molecular characterizat
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P-75 Variation of berry polyphenoli
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P-77 Morphological and molecular id
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P-79 Studies on an excellent, early
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P-81 Effectiveness of different cul
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P-83 Some early maturing table grap
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P-85 New triploid seedless table gr
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P-87 Grape breeding and viticulture
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P-89 The usefulness of allotetraplo
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P-91 Drying rate of fresh berries f
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P-93 Development of table and raisi
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P-95 Reaction of grape rootstocks t
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P-97 Genetic analysis of the resist
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P-99 Berry cracking caused powdery
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P-101 Elicitation of grapevine defe
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P-103 The biological characteristic
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P-105 Pathogen responsiveness and v
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P-107 Screening grape hybrid famili
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P-109 Characterization of an ankyri
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P-112 Evaluation of grapevine germp
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P-114 Evaluation of four new rootst
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