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P-54 Towards a deep understanding of the function of grape flavonoid regulators VvMYB5a and VvMYB5b E. Cavallini 1 , M. Walker 2 , S. Zenoni 1 , M. Fasoli* 1 , A. Zamboni 1 , M. Pezzotti 1 , G.B. Tornielli 1 1 Department of Biotecnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; 2 CSIRO Plant Industry, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia *Corresponding author: marianna.fasoli@univr.it In grapevine, the biosynthesis of flavonoids is highly regulated in order that different compounds are produced in different organs and in stages of development. Despite the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway has been well studied, little is known about the transcriptional mechanism that regulates it. Recent studies suggest that two MYB transcription factors, VvMYB5a and VvMYB5b, are responsible for the regulation of the early flavonoid structural genes in different stages of berry development. Until now, the role of VvMYB5a and VvMYB5b has been mainly inferred by expression analyses and/or ectopic expression in model systems like tobacco and tomato. In petunia the mutation of the ortholog of VvMYB5a and VvMYB5b (PhPH4) results in the increase of vacuolar pH and, consequently, in blue shift of the flower color. We used functional complementation analyses of some well characterized petunia anthocyanin/pH regulatory mutants to gain information about the role of VvMYB5a and VvMYB5b in the regulatory network operating in Vitis vinifera. The coding sequence of VvMYB5a and VvMYB5b was fused to the constitutive promoter 35S and transformed into petunia ph4- mutant. Analyses of transgenic plants revealed full complementation phenotypes attributable to an activation of target genes belonging to vacuolar acidification. On the other hand, when the coding sequence of VvMYB5a and VvMYB5b was overexpressed in an2 (acyanic) and in wild type (cyanic) petunia backgrounds, the flavonoid pathway was activated, but only in the acyanic line. Overall, specific and/or overlapping effects of the heterologous expression of the two regulators could be observed. Functional studies using heterologous systems may give results that do not reflect the real role of a gene in its homologous background. For this reason, Vitis vinifera cv Shiraz has been transformed to silence and overexpress both VvMYB5a and VvMYB5b. Analyses of transgenic plants (underway) will provide more conclusive information about the role of VvMYB5a and VvMYB5b in the regulation of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. 133 
P-55 Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated induction of transgenic hairy roots in Vitis species Y. Jittayasothorn* 1 , S. Chen 2 , X. Wang 2 , G-Y. Zhong 1   1 USDA/ARS Grape Genetics Research Unit, Geneva, New York, USA; 2 USDA/ARS, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, New York, USA.    *Corresponding author: yingyos_j@hotmail.com   Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated induction of transgenic hairy roots was previously demonstrated in Vitis vinifera L. and a few other Vitis species. In this study, 13 Vitis species, including V. aestivalis, V. afghanistan, V. champinii, V. doaniana, V. flexuosa, V. labrusca, V. nesbittiana, V. palmata, V. piasezkii, V. thunbergii, V. treleasii, V. vinifera L, and V. xnovae angelae were screened for hairy root induction by co-cultivating in vitro plants with virulent Agrobacterium rhizogenes 15834, A4, or K599 harboring binary vector pBIN61-EGFPHA, which produces green fluorescent protein signal for visual examination of transgenic hairy roots. Frequencies of callus formation and transgenic hairy root induction were recorded daily for 2 weeks after in vitro plants had been inoculated. The results showed that V. labrusca (var. ‘Concord’) had the highest frequency of transgenic callus and hairy root induction. Hairy roots were also successfully induced for V. treleasii, V. champinii, V. cinerea, and V. vinifera, but their frequencies were much lower than that for V. labrusca. In contrast, no hairy root was generated from other species during the 2-week observation period. In addition, we found that the developmental stage or age of plant material also played an important role in transgenic hairy root induction. Our results showed that hairy roots could be induced by 15834 and A4 strains with similar transformation efficiencies, however, K599 was found not to be suitable for hairy root induction in the Vitis species. In general, the transgenic hairy roots appeared to be bright white and much thicker than nontransgenic roots and they could grow up to 2-cm long in oneweek period on hairy root culture medium. These results provided important addition to the knowledge of transgenic hairy root induction in the Vitis species. 134 
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Date Time Session Topic Sunday Augu
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Monday August 2, 2010 Opening Plena
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Topic: Adaptation to soils and clim
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Tuesday August 3, 2010 Oral Session
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Poster Session 2 1:30 PM-3:00 PM Po
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P-105 Pathogen responsiveness and v
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Table of Contents Keynote Presentat
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K-2 Progress in grapevine breeding
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K-4 Genetics and Genomics of Grapev
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O-2 Additional homologs of the Ren1
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O-4 Y. Xu and Y.Wang* Introduction
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O-5 Identification of an R2R3 MYB t
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O-7 Sequencing of the phylloxera re
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O-9 Dissection of defense pathways
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O-11 Recent trends and technologies
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O-13 Brazilian Grape Breeding Progr
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O-15 Development of rootstocks for
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O-17 L. Wang* 1 , S. Li 1, 2 , P. F
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O-19 Integrated analysis of transcr
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O-20 Deciphering the chromosome str
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O-22 Identification of table grapes
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O-24 Metagenomic sequencing as a to
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O-26 Regulation of bud fruitfulness
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O-28 Haplotype structure and cluste
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O-30 Annette Nassuth Function of Vi
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10 to 25% of the chlorotic symptoms
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O-34 Cloning and characterization o
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O-36 New insight into the genetics
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O-38 Co-Localization of QTLs for Se
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O-40 Quantitative analysis of textu
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O-42 Transcriptional changes in res
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O-44 The Turkish grape (Vitis vinif
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Association genetics in relation wi
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O-47 Intravarietal variability of C
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O-49 Molecular survey of Georgian t
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O-51 Marker-assisted breeding: Iden
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O-53 An Integrated approach to stud
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O-55 Characteristics of promising m
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P-2 PMEI and SPY: Two genes with po
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P-4 Gene-assisted selection for tab
Page 81 and 82: P-6 Polyphenolic potential of the r
Page 83 and 84: P-8 Monoterpene levels in different
Page 85 and 86: P-10 Usefulness of the SCC8 scar ma
Page 87 and 88: P-12 The onset of berry ripening is
Page 89 and 90: P-14 Morphological characteristics
Page 91 and 92: P-16 A genetic analysis of berry qu
Page 93 and 94: P-18 Use of molecular markers for s
Page 95 and 96: P-20 Characterization of key compon
Page 97 and 98: P-22 Expression of early light-indu
Page 99 and 100: P-24 The development of molecular m
Page 101 and 102: P-26 Identification of ABA inducibl
Page 103 and 104: P-28 In vitro selection of HYP tole
Page 105 and 106: P-30 In silico SNP detection for ge
Page 107 and 108: P-32 Vitis vinifera genome annotati
Page 109 and 110: P-34 Genome-wide identification of
Page 111 and 112: P-36 Looking for genetic polymorphi
Page 113 and 114: P-38 Characterization of a new horm
Page 115 and 116: P-40 Towards a characterization of
Page 117 and 118: the overall identified polymorphism
Page 119 and 120: P-43 Proteomic characterization of
Page 121 and 122: P-45 Preliminary observations on th
Page 123 and 124: grapevine which will eventually be
Page 125 and 126: P-48 ‘Cioutat’: a somatic varia
Page 127 and 128: P-50 Estimation of protein spot var
Page 129 and 130: glucosyltransferase, anthocyanidin
Page 131: P-53 Marker-free transgenic grapevi
Page 135 and 136: P-57 Phenotypic evaluation of ‘Th
Page 137 and 138: P-59 Phenotypic divergence among gr
Page 139 and 140: P-61 Grepevine variety determinatio
Page 141 and 142: agricultural context. This network
Page 143 and 144: P-64 Genetic structure in a large r
Page 145 and 146: P-66 Analysis of grape rootstocks b
Page 147 and 148: P-68 Italian wild grapevine: a stat
Page 149 and 150: Rebula-Robola group were genotyped
Page 151 and 152: P-71 Viticultural performance of so
Page 153 and 154: P-73    Molecular characterizat
Page 155 and 156: P-75 Variation of berry polyphenoli
Page 157 and 158: P-77 Morphological and molecular id
Page 159 and 160: P-79 Studies on an excellent, early
Page 161 and 162: P-81 Effectiveness of different cul
Page 163 and 164: P-83 Some early maturing table grap
Page 165 and 166: P-85 New triploid seedless table gr
Page 167 and 168: P-87 Grape breeding and viticulture
Page 169 and 170: P-89 The usefulness of allotetraplo
Page 171 and 172: P-91 Drying rate of fresh berries f
Page 173 and 174: P-93 Development of table and raisi
Page 175 and 176: P-95 Reaction of grape rootstocks t
Page 177 and 178: P-97 Genetic analysis of the resist
Page 179 and 180: P-99 Berry cracking caused powdery
Page 181 and 182: P-101 Elicitation of grapevine defe
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P-103 The biological characteristic
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P-105 Pathogen responsiveness and v
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P-107 Screening grape hybrid famili
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P-109 Characterization of an ankyri
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P-112 Evaluation of grapevine germp
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P-114 Evaluation of four new rootst
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