conference schedule and program with abstracts - Horticulture ...
conference schedule and program with abstracts - Horticulture ...
conference schedule and program with abstracts - Horticulture ...
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O-49<br />
Molecular survey of Georgian traditional grapevine genetic resources<br />
S. Imazio* 1 , D. Maghradze 2 , R. Bacilieri 3 , G. De Lorenzis 1 , A. Scienza 1 , P. This 3 , O. Failla 1 .<br />
1 Dipartimento di Produzione Vegetale. Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; 2 Institute<br />
of <strong>Horticulture</strong>, Viticulture <strong>and</strong> Oenology, Tbilisi, Georgia; 3 UMR 1097 DIAPC INRA,<br />
Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France<br />
*Corresponding author: serena.imazio@unimi.it<br />
The South Caucasus area is considered one of the main centers of origin <strong>and</strong> domestication for<br />
the cultivated grapevine V. vinifera L. sativa. The aim of this work is to study the genetic<br />
structure of Georgian grapevines by analyzing 135 Georgian grapevine accessions using 20 SSR<br />
molecular markers <strong>and</strong> to verify the contribution of Georgian germplasm to the European<br />
viticulture. Among the 135 selected samples 112 are representatives of the traditional wine<br />
making Georgian varieties <strong>and</strong> 23 were collected from several Georgian woodl<strong>and</strong>s <strong>and</strong>, after<br />
visual inspection, were considered representatives of Vitis vinifera sylvestris subspecies.<br />
Molecular fingerprints (20 SSR loci) of all the 135 accessions were compared <strong>with</strong> data from the<br />
2300 accessions conserved at the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) grape<br />
germplasm repository of Domaine de Vassal. Nei’s genetic distance was calculated among the<br />
Vassal <strong>and</strong> Georgian samples <strong>and</strong> a dendrogram was built to verify the presence of synonyms<br />
<strong>and</strong> to have an overview of the structure of Georgian grapevine germplasm compared <strong>with</strong> the<br />
ones belonging to other countries. Results highlighted that most of Georgian viticulture is quite<br />
isolated from elsewhere. These results seem to confirm that the Georgian typical varieties didn’t<br />
spread to other European countries <strong>and</strong>, on the other h<strong>and</strong> Georgian viticulture did not have gene<br />
flow from elsewhere. To verify the existence of parent-offspring relationships, the software MLrelate<br />
<strong>and</strong> Famoz were used to analyze the dataset (Domaine de Vassal <strong>and</strong> Georgian<br />
accessions). Interesting relationships were identified especially between Georgian samples <strong>and</strong><br />
among Georgian <strong>and</strong> neighbor countries. The apparent isolation of Georgian germplasm makes<br />
this viticulture particularly interesting to be investigated, <strong>and</strong> for this reason we used Identity <strong>and</strong><br />
Microsat software to describe the structure of these samples <strong>and</strong> to perform a study on allele<br />
frequencies <strong>and</strong> characterization. The results suggest that the Georgian viticulture is still strongly<br />
correlated to its geographic origin, allowing us to clearly distinguish groups of accessions<br />
belonging to different regions of the country. In the wild samples, the molecular fingerprint has<br />
revealed very few mistakes or inter-specific crossings in the pool of collected samples <strong>and</strong><br />
highlighted that, as already verified for other regions, there is diversification among the wild <strong>and</strong><br />
cultivated compartments, even if this separation doesn’t seem to be, in the Georgian case, as<br />
robust as seen in other viticultural areas.<br />
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