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P-63 Genetic structure and linkage disequilibrium in four Vitis species S. Nicolas, J.P. Peros, P. This, T. Lacombe, L. Le Cunff, J.M. Boursiquot, A. Dereeper, R. Bacilieri, V. Laucou, M. Di Vecchi Staraz, A. Walker, P. Cousins, A. Siberchicot, C. Cierco- Ayrolles, B. Mangin, R. Eibach, A. Doligez* Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) Montpellier, France *Corresponding author: doligez@supagro.inra.fr Genome-wide association (GWA) genetics is potentially of great interest in grapevine to much more rapidly and efficiently find the main loci (QTLs) and alleles involved in the variation of traits of interest to breeding, compared to searches based on individual segregating progenies. Knowledge of the structure of genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium (LD) is a necessary prerequisite to design association genetics studies. Vitis vinifera genetic diversity and structure are already well characterized, but LD in this species has not been thoroughly estimated yet. Other Vitis species are a large potential source of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses for introgression into V. vinifera, but relatively few genetic resources are available in germplasm repositories and the genetic diversity of these species is hardly known. The objectives of the DLVitis project (ANR 2009-2011) are to assess genetic structure and linkage disequilibrium in V. vinifera and 3 American species (V. riparia, V. cinerea, V. aestivalis). For V. vinifera, 3 samples of 93 cultivars were defined, based on available SSR data, by minimizing structure and kinship and maximizing genetic distances. An additional sample of 93 accessions of wild V. vinifera (subsp. silvestris) was also defined. For each American species, 150-200 seeds were collected in natura last autumn. Genetic diversity and structure will be assessed this year using SSRs, and a sample of 93 accessions will be defined for each species. Four genomic regions of 2 Mb each were chosen to estimate LD between specific SNPs in ca. 1 gene out of 3 in each sample of 93 individuals described above. Novel estimates of LD taking structure and kinship into account were developped and will be presented. The first results obtained in V. vinifera in 2 genomic regions showed differences in the rate of LD decay between samples and regions, suggesting past occurrence of differential selection. The consequences of these results for the design of GWA studies will be discussed. 143 
P-64 Genetic structure in a large representative sample of cultivated and wild grapevines R. Bacilieri*, L. Le Cunff, M. Di Vecchi-Staraz, V. Laucou, T. Lacombe, S. Picq, S. Gorislavets, D. Maghradze, S. Imazio, D. Pospíšilová, S. Ercisli, A. El Oualkadi, M. Ater, J.P. Peros, J-M. Boursiquot, P. This Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) Montpellier, France *Corresponding author: bacilier@supagro.inra.fr The genetic structure of a collection of more than 2900 unique genotypes representative of both the cultivated and the wild grapevine gene pools was studied with the help of nuclear neutral and non-neutral molecular markers. The subgroups obtained through complementary clustering methods were matched with their geographic origins and their phenotypic characterizations. The main clustering obtained with microsatellite markers on the larger genotype dataset, was confirmed by the SNP variation of 80 genes of reference, chosen as the most informative ones out of a total of 960 genes, re-sequenced on a subset of representative genotypes (corecollection). The partition of diversity of both neutral and non-neutral markers pointed to patterns that could be related to historical processes of domestication, selection and breeding, and to geography, from ancestral groups derived from opposite regions of the grapevine distribution area, down to a number of subgroups linked to specific local uses and grape features, finally merging into a family level. Within the cultivated compartment, the three most significant subgroups corresponded to the wine grapes from the Western Europe, the wine grapes from Balkans and Central Europe, and the table grapes from the East. A further subdivision evidenced family or sub-regional structures, such as the groupings of grapevines from Maghreb, from the Italian and the Iberian peninsula, from Russia and the Caucasian region, or the Muscat, the Savagnin and the Pinot-Gouais families. The study of the relationships with the wild compartment revealed that the cultivated gene pool was derived from two separate wild grapevine gene pools, one wild pool from the East that contributed to the table grapes, and a second wild pool from West Europe that contributed to the wine grapes. Presenting the more complete dataset to date, this work allows researchers to precisely account for genetic structure when sampling diversity within unstructured groups, as it is required by modern methods of genome-wide association genetics. It also adds a layer of information to the already documented national grapevine collection of Vassal, France, confirming its role as a reference for grapevine genetic studies. 144 
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Date Time Session Topic Sunday Augu
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Monday August 2, 2010 Opening Plena
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Topic: Adaptation to soils and clim
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Tuesday August 3, 2010 Oral Session
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Poster Session 2 1:30 PM-3:00 PM Po
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P-105 Pathogen responsiveness and v
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Table of Contents Keynote Presentat
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K-2 Progress in grapevine breeding
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K-4 Genetics and Genomics of Grapev
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O-2 Additional homologs of the Ren1
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O-4 Y. Xu and Y.Wang* Introduction
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O-5 Identification of an R2R3 MYB t
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O-7 Sequencing of the phylloxera re
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O-9 Dissection of defense pathways
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O-11 Recent trends and technologies
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O-13 Brazilian Grape Breeding Progr
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O-15 Development of rootstocks for
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O-17 L. Wang* 1 , S. Li 1, 2 , P. F
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O-19 Integrated analysis of transcr
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O-20 Deciphering the chromosome str
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O-22 Identification of table grapes
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O-24 Metagenomic sequencing as a to
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O-26 Regulation of bud fruitfulness
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O-28 Haplotype structure and cluste
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O-30 Annette Nassuth Function of Vi
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10 to 25% of the chlorotic symptoms
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O-34 Cloning and characterization o
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O-36 New insight into the genetics
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O-38 Co-Localization of QTLs for Se
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O-40 Quantitative analysis of textu
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O-42 Transcriptional changes in res
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O-44 The Turkish grape (Vitis vinif
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Association genetics in relation wi
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O-47 Intravarietal variability of C
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O-49 Molecular survey of Georgian t
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O-51 Marker-assisted breeding: Iden
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O-53 An Integrated approach to stud
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O-55 Characteristics of promising m
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P-2 PMEI and SPY: Two genes with po
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P-4 Gene-assisted selection for tab
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P-6 Polyphenolic potential of the r
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P-8 Monoterpene levels in different
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P-10 Usefulness of the SCC8 scar ma
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P-12 The onset of berry ripening is
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P-14 Morphological characteristics
Page 91 and 92: P-16 A genetic analysis of berry qu
Page 93 and 94: P-18 Use of molecular markers for s
Page 95 and 96: P-20 Characterization of key compon
Page 97 and 98: P-22 Expression of early light-indu
Page 99 and 100: P-24 The development of molecular m
Page 101 and 102: P-26 Identification of ABA inducibl
Page 103 and 104: P-28 In vitro selection of HYP tole
Page 105 and 106: P-30 In silico SNP detection for ge
Page 107 and 108: P-32 Vitis vinifera genome annotati
Page 109 and 110: P-34 Genome-wide identification of
Page 111 and 112: P-36 Looking for genetic polymorphi
Page 113 and 114: P-38 Characterization of a new horm
Page 115 and 116: P-40 Towards a characterization of
Page 117 and 118: the overall identified polymorphism
Page 119 and 120: P-43 Proteomic characterization of
Page 121 and 122: P-45 Preliminary observations on th
Page 123 and 124: grapevine which will eventually be
Page 125 and 126: P-48 ‘Cioutat’: a somatic varia
Page 127 and 128: P-50 Estimation of protein spot var
Page 129 and 130: glucosyltransferase, anthocyanidin
Page 131 and 132: P-53 Marker-free transgenic grapevi
Page 133 and 134: P-55 Agrobacterium rhizogenes-media
Page 135 and 136: P-57 Phenotypic evaluation of ‘Th
Page 137 and 138: P-59 Phenotypic divergence among gr
Page 139 and 140: P-61 Grepevine variety determinatio
Page 141: agricultural context. This network
Page 145 and 146: P-66 Analysis of grape rootstocks b
Page 147 and 148: P-68 Italian wild grapevine: a stat
Page 149 and 150: Rebula-Robola group were genotyped
Page 151 and 152: P-71 Viticultural performance of so
Page 153 and 154: P-73    Molecular characterizat
Page 155 and 156: P-75 Variation of berry polyphenoli
Page 157 and 158: P-77 Morphological and molecular id
Page 159 and 160: P-79 Studies on an excellent, early
Page 161 and 162: P-81 Effectiveness of different cul
Page 163 and 164: P-83 Some early maturing table grap
Page 165 and 166: P-85 New triploid seedless table gr
Page 167 and 168: P-87 Grape breeding and viticulture
Page 169 and 170: P-89 The usefulness of allotetraplo
Page 171 and 172: P-91 Drying rate of fresh berries f
Page 173 and 174: P-93 Development of table and raisi
Page 175 and 176: P-95 Reaction of grape rootstocks t
Page 177 and 178: P-97 Genetic analysis of the resist
Page 179 and 180: P-99 Berry cracking caused powdery
Page 181 and 182: P-101 Elicitation of grapevine defe
Page 183 and 184: P-103 The biological characteristic
Page 185 and 186: P-105 Pathogen responsiveness and v
Page 187 and 188: P-107 Screening grape hybrid famili
Page 189 and 190: P-109 Characterization of an ankyri
Page 191 and 192: P-112 Evaluation of grapevine germp
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P-114 Evaluation of four new rootst
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