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300 II Seeing How It Works<br />

combine in this way<br />

to define parts (atoms) in the topologies of the second and third shapes in the series,<br />

and ultimately to define the large outside triangle and the small inside one in the topology<br />

of the fourth shape. Moreover, the pieces in the fourth and fifth triangles combine<br />

in like fashion to make the three triangles in the topology of the sixth shape that<br />

are needed for the production of the final shape. Looking ahead, the topologies of the<br />

shapes in the series appear to anticipate what the rule is going to do the next time it’s<br />

applied. But this is because the topologies are given retrospectively. I can always describe<br />

what I’ve done as a continuous process after I stop calculating. This explains<br />

what I did and shows how everything goes together in a coherent fashion. Expecting<br />

more—so that the future is laid out in advance—is preposterous.<br />

Every time the rule<br />

is tried, its right side is divided with respect to a different topology. This shows in yet<br />

another way that the shapes in a rule have diverse descriptions that vary as it’s used<br />

to calculate. The rule doesn’t apply in terms of any one description that measures its<br />

complexity or anything else. How the rule is described is an artifact of what’s been<br />

going on.<br />

Before I finish up, it’s also worth noting that the series<br />

isn’t isolated. There are many others like it. And in fact, they can be defined around<br />

each of the shapes in this array of nested polygons

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