ASi" kUCTURE FlOR DEVELOPMENT

ties, and any statistical discrepancies notd by na- areas are counted once), temporary meadows for
tional compilers, are categorized as sernices, etc. mowing or for pasture, land under market or
Partially rebased, chain-linked 19857 benes in do- kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow or
mestic currencies, as explained at the beginning of lying idle. The time reference for fertilizer consumpthe
technical notes, are used to compute the growth lion is the crop year, July to June.
rates in Table 2. The sectoral shares of GDP in Table Average growtlh rate of food prTducUon per capita
3 are based on current pnce series. has been computed from the index of food pmduc-
In calculating the summary measures for each in- tion per capita. The index relates to the average andicator
in Table 2, partially rebased constant 1987 nual growth rate of food produced per capita in
US. dollar values for each economy are calculated 1979-92 in relation to the average produced annufor
each year of the periods covered; the values are ally in 1979-81 (1979481 = 100). The estimates are
aggregated across countres for each year; and the derived by dividing the quantity of food production
least-squares procedure is used to compute the by the total population. For the index, food is degrowth
rates. -The average sectoral percentage fined as comprsing nuts, pulses, fruits, cereals, vegshares
in Table 3 are computed from group aggre- etables, sugar cane, sugar beet, starchy roots, edible
gates of sectoral GDP in current US. dollars.
oils, livestock, and livestock products Quantities of
food production are measured net of annual feed,
Table 4 Agriculture and food
seeds for use in agriculture, and food lost in processing
and distribution.
The basic data for value added in agriculture are from Fishz products are measured by the level of daily
theWorld Bank's national accounts series at current protein supply derived from the consumption of
prices in national currences. Value added in current fish in relation to total daily protein supply from all
prices in national currencies is converted to US. food. This estmate indirecdy highlights the relative
dollars by applying the single-year conversion pro- importance or weight of fish in total agriculture, escedure,
as descnbed in the technical note for Tables pecially since fish is not included in the index of
2 and 3- food production.
The figures for the remainder of this table are The summary measures for fertilizer consumpfrom
the FAO. Cereal buports are measured in grain tion are weighted by total arable land area; the sumequivalents
and defined as comprisMg all cereals in mary measures for food production are weighted by
the Standard Internationtal Trade Classufifcation (SITC), population.
Revision 2, Groups 041-046. Food aid in cereals covers
wheat and flour, bulgnr, rice, coarse grains, and the Table 5. Commercial energy
cereal component of blended foods. The figures are
not directly comparable because of reporting and The data on energy production and consumption
timing differences. Cereal imports are based on cal- are primarily from International Energy Agency
endar-year data reported by recipient countnes, and (EA) and U.N. sources. They refer to commercial
food aid in cereals is based on data for crop years re- forms of primary energy-petroleum (crude oil,
ported by donors and international organizations, nahtual gas liquids, and oil from nornconventional
including the International Wheat Council and the sources), natural gas, solid fuels (coal, lignite, and
World Food Programme. Furthermore, food aid in- other derived fuels), and primary electricity (nuformation
from donors may not correspond to ac- dear, hydroelectric, geothermaL and otherf)-all
tual receipts by beneficiaries during a given period converted into oil equivalents- For converting nubecause
of delays in transportation and recording or dear electricty into oil equivalents, a notional therbecause
aid is sometimes not reported to the FAO or mal efficiency of 33 percent is assumed; hydroelecother
relevant international organizations. Food aid tric power is represented at 100 percent efficiency
imports may also not show up in customs records. Energy consumption refers to domestic pnrmary
The time reference for food aid is the crop year, July energy supply before transformation to other endto
June.
use fuels (such as electricity and refined petroleum
Fertilizer consumption measures the plant nutri- product) and is calculated as indigenous production
ents used in relation to amble land. Fertilizer prod- plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and
ucts cover nitrogenous, potash, and phosphate fer- international marine bunkers. Energy consumption
tlizers (which indude ground rock phosphate). also includes products for nonenergy uses, mainly
Arable land is defined as land under permanent derived from petroleum. The use of firewood, dried
crops and under temporary crops (double-copped animal excrement, and other traditional fuels, al-
233