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s - Wyższa Szkoła Filologiczna we Wrocławiu

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126<br />

Katarzyna Jaworska-Biskup<br />

of the EU and that in the opinion of most scholars should not be translated into<br />

any language but simply left in its original version as its full and direct meaning<br />

is hard to convey in all languages. Nevertheless, in some Polish publications<br />

one can find the phrase dorobek wspólnotowy as the proposed equivalent.<br />

Very often new phrases or words that do not correspond to the Polish linguistic<br />

rules are coined, probably as a remedy to non-translatability of a certain<br />

phrase, or as some language purists would say the carelessness of the translator.<br />

In the treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, the phrase “prudential<br />

supervision” – nadzór ostrożnościowy can be mentioned.<br />

According to the article 127.5, “The ESCB shall contribute to the smooth<br />

conduct of policies pursued by the competent authorities relating to the prudential<br />

supervision of credit institutions and the stability of the financial system”. In<br />

the Polish version, the phrase “prudential supervision” is translated as nadzoru<br />

ostrożnościo<strong>we</strong>go nad instytucjami kredytowymi. Strikingly, the word ostrożnościowy<br />

is not listed in any of the Polish referential dictionaries; the only<br />

existent Polish word that matches the meaning of the English word “prudential”<br />

is ostrożny. To make matters even more complicated, the phrase normy prudencyjne<br />

from English “prudential norms” or wskaźnik prudencyjny from English<br />

“prudential ratio” are more and more common, especially in banking, finance<br />

and communication sectors, which is only one-step to nadzór prudencyjny.<br />

Which of the equivalents are better remains in the speculations of linguists?<br />

Another example worth quoting is the phrase to transpose translated into<br />

przetransponować. The sentence “no later than the date on which a directive or<br />

a decision must be transposed or implemented” (art. 153.3, Consolidated Versions<br />

of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union) is translated as<br />

najpóźniej w dniu, w którym dyrektywa lub decyzja powinna być przetransponowana<br />

lub wykonana. According to Longman Dictionary of Contemporary<br />

English, a definition of “transpose” means to “reverse, transfer, move or change<br />

something to a different place, environment or a different form”. In the Polish<br />

language, there exist two words transponować and przetransponować meaning<br />

respectively ‘przystosować, przystosować coś do innego użytku niż pierwotny<br />

lub planowany, przenieść, przenieść coś z jednej dziedziny do drugiej’ and<br />

‘nadać czemuś inną formę, postać, przenieść coś z jednej dziedziny do drugiej,<br />

dokonać transpozycji, przekształcić, przystosować: przetransponować romantyczną<br />

tragedię na musical, przetransponować obcojęzyczne treści utworu na<br />

język tłumaczenia, zdarzenia autentyczne przetransponowane na film fabularny’<br />

(Uni<strong>we</strong>rsalny Słownik Języka Polskiego). At a first glance, it seems that both<br />

words are synonymous. In the legal context, ho<strong>we</strong>ver, more common are such<br />

phrases as okres transpozycji, transpozycja dyrektywy, transponować do prawa<br />

krajo<strong>we</strong>go, transpozycja i implementacja dyrektywy (in Barcz 2011; interestingly<br />

the word implementacja from “to implement” is used) rather than

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