Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

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Fungal Diversity Fig. 53 Macroventuria wenti. a Ascomata. Note the setae. b Ascus and ascospores. Scale bars: a=50 μm, b=10 μm (figures referred to van der Aa 1971) Following description is adapted from Hyde et al. 1996a, b). Ascomata 455–650 μm high×980–1430 μm diam., scattered or in small groups, superficial, conical, carbonaceous, papillate, under pseudostroma which forms a thin layer on the host surface, up to 50 μm thick between the ascomata and 125–250 μm thick on the ascomata surface (Fig. 54a and b). Peridium 10–25 μm thick, comprising several layers of compressed, densely packed, thin-walled, hyaline cells. A wedge-shaped area of vertically orientated hyaline palisade-like cells occurs at the periphery (Fig. 54b). Hamathecium of dense, trabeculate pseudoparaphyses, ca. 1μm broad, hyaline, branching and anastomosing, septate, embedded in mucilage (Fig. 54e). Two types of asci and ascospores exist in the same ascoma: TYPE 1: asci 185–320×40–100 μm (x ¼ 210 78mm, n= 50), 8-spored, cylindro-clavate, bitunicate, fissitunicate, short-pedicellate, with an ocular chamber (to 13 μm wide×5 μm high) (Fig. 54c and d). Ascospores 66–84× 20–38 μm (x ¼ 78 25mm, n=50), 2-4-seriate, hyaline, ellipsoidal, constricted at the central septum, with pad-like mucilaginous appendage at each end and with some mucilage associated around the spore, and TYPE 2: asci 158–242×8–15 μm (x ¼ 182 11mm, n=50), 8-spored, cylindrical, bitunicate, fissitunicate, pedicellate, with an ocular chamber and faint apical ring, ascospores 29–42× 6–9 μm (x ¼ 35 7mm, n =50), 1-2-seriate, brown, ellipsoidal-fusoid, surrounded by a thin mucilaginous sheath (Fig. 54f, g, h, i and j). Anamorph: none reported. Material examined: BRUNEI, on submerged wood, Aug. 1997, leg. K.D. Hyde (HKU(M) 7425). Notes Morphology Mamillisphaeria was established as a monotypic genus according to its bitunicate, fissitunicate asci, trabeculate pseudoparaphyses and dimorphic ascospores, which is typified by the widely distributed freshwater fungus, M. dimorphospora (Hyde et al. 1996a, b). The most striking character of this fungus is its dimorphic ascospores, i.e. one type is large and hyaline, and the other is comparatively smaller and brown. Only a few ascomycetes have been reported having dimorphic ascospores, such as Aquasphaeria dimorphospora and Nectria heterospora Speg. (Hyde 1995b; Spegazzini 1889). Dimorphic ascospores appear to have evolutionary benefits, for example the large ascospores with mucilaginous sheaths may facilitate nutrient storage for germination and enhanced collision and attachment to substrates. The smaller brown ascospores may help resist desiccation and damage by UV light and contribute to aerial dispersal, which might explain the worldwide distribution of M. dimorphospora (Hyde et al. 1996a, b). Phylogenetic study None. Concluding remarks Although in the key by Barr (1990a), M. dimorphospora can be referred to Massariaceae, itistemporarily assigned to Melanommataceae here based on its trabeculate pseudoparaphyses embedded in mucilage (Hyde et al. 1996a, b).
Fungal Diversity Fig. 54 Mamillisphaeria dimorphospora (from HKU(M) 7425, paratype?). a Ascomata scattered on the host surface. Note the small papilla. b Section of an ascoma. c, d Asci (TYPE 1). e Trabeculate pseudoparaphyses in a gelatinous matrix. f–j Ascospores (TYPE 1). Scale bars: a=0.5 mm, b–d=100 μm, e=10 μm, f–j=20 μm
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Fungal Diversity DOI 10.1007/s13225
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Fungal Diversity Table 1 Major circ
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity biocontrol agent o
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Fungal Diversity substrates and man
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Fungal Diversity 2. To investigate
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Fungal Diversity Table 3 (continued
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 2 Aigialus gr
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 3 Amniculicol
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Fungal Diversity Literature: Berkel
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Fungal Diversity Ascorhombispora L.
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 8 Astrosphaer
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 9 Asymmetrico
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Fungal Diversity Notes Morphology B
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Fungal Diversity Generic descriptio
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Fungal Diversity Anamorph: none rep
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 14 Bimuria no
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 15 Bricookea
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 16 Byssolophi
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Fungal Diversity Notes Morphology B
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Fungal Diversity the reaction of pe
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 21 Chaetomast
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 84 Saccharico
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Fungal Diversity dense, long trabec
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Fungal Diversity Anamorphs reported
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 94 Westerdyke
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 95 Wettsteini
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Fungal Diversity Current name: Astr
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 100 Sporormie
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 102 Kriegerie
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Fungal Diversity Phylogenetic study
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 105 Muroia ni
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Fungal Diversity pseudoparenchymato
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Fungal Diversity Eremodothis Arx, K
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Fungal Diversity Type species: Macr
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Fungal Diversity ascospores of Plat
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Fungal Diversity monoceras Alcorn n
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Fungal Diversity 1987b). Based on a
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Fungal Diversity Dennis RWG (1968)
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Fungal Diversity Saccardo PA (1880)
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