Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

Fungal Diversity
Type species
Neophaeosphaeria filamentosa (Ellis & Everh.) M.P.S.
Câmara, M.E. Palm & A.W. Ramaley, Mycol. Res. 107:
519 (2003). (Fig. 66)
≡ Leptosphaeria filamentosa Ellis & Everh., J. Mycol. 4:
64 (1888).
Ascomata 115–157 μm high×115–186 μm diam., forming
in leaf spots, scattered or clustered in circular areas, immersed,
depressed globose, with a small ostiolar pore slightly
penetrating above the surface, under clypeus, coriaceous,
papilla not conspicuous (Fig. 66a). Peridium 18–30 μm thick,
composed of large pigmented thin-walled cells of textura
angularis, cells up to 10 μm diam. (Fig. 66c). Hamathecium
of dense, cellular pseudoparaphyses 1.5–2.5 μm broad,
septate, embedded in mucilage (Fig. 66b). Asci 70–105×8–
10 μm (x ¼ 85:3 9:7mm, n=10), 8-spored, bitunicate,
fissitunicate dehiscence not observed, broadly cylindrical to
oblong, with a short, broad, furcate pedicel, 6–13 μm long,
with a small ocular chamber, best seen in immature asci, up to
1.5 μm wide×1 μm high (Fig. 66d, e and f). Ascospores 12–
15×4–5 μm (x ¼ 13:8 5mm, n=10), obliquely uniseriate
and partially overlapping, oblong, yellowish brown, (1-2-)3-
septate, constricted at the primary septum, the upper second
cell often broader than others, verruculose, containing four
refractive globules (Fig. 66g).
Anamorph: Ellis and Everhart (1892) noted that the
“spermogonial stage is a Coniothyrium (C. concentricum)
with small (4 μm), globose, brown sporidia.”
Material examined: USA, New Jersey, Newfield, on
dead parts in living leaves of Yucca filamentosa L., Jul.
1888, Ellis & Everhart (NY, holotype).
Notes
Morphology
Neophaeosphaeria was formally established by
Câmara et al. (2003) by segregating Paraphaeosphaeria
species with 3-4-septate ascospores and anamorphs of
ovoid to ellipsoid, non-septate, brown, verrucose to
punctuate conidia forming from percurrently proliferating
conidiogenous cells. Neophaeosphaeria filamentosa was
selected as the generic type. Currently, four species are
included under Neophaeosphaeria, i.e. N. barrii, N.
conglomerate (M.E. Barr) M.P.S. Câmara, M.E. Palm &
A.W. Ramaley, N. filamentosa and N. quadriseptata (M.
E. Barr) M.P.S. Câmara, M.E. Palm & A.W. Ramaley
(Câmara et al. 2003). At present all species in Neophaeosphaeria
occur on Yucca (Agavaceae).
Phylogenetic study
The four Neophaeosphaeria species form a monophyletic
clade based on both ITS and SSU rDNA
sequences (Câmara et al. 2001; Checa et al. 2002), and
they fall in the group comprising members of Phaeosphaeriaceae
and Leptosphaeriaceae (Câmara et al.
2003). Neophaeosphaeria filamentosa, the generic type
of Neophaeosphaeria, nestedinLeptosphaeriaceae with
low to moderate bootstrap values (Schoch et al. 2009;
Zhang et al. 2009a).
Concluding remarks
The familial status of Neophaeosphaeria under Leptosphaeriaceae
is confirmed, although this family remains
poorly supported in phylogenetic studies.
Nodulosphaeria Rabenh., Klotzschii Herb. Viv. Mycol.,
Edn 2: no. 725 (in sched.) (1858). (Phaeosphaeriaceae)
Generic description
Habitat terrestrial, saprobic or hemibiotrophic. Ascomata
small, immersed to erumpent, globose or subglobose,
black, papillate, ostiolate. Papilla with numerous setae in
the pore-like ostiole. Peridium thin, composed of thickor
thin-walled large cells. Hamathecium of cellular
pseudoparaphyses, septate and branching. Asci 8-
spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, clavate to cylindroclavate,
with a very short, furcate pedicel and a small
ocular chamber. Ascospores filamentous, hyaline or pale
brown, multi-septate, one of the upper cells swollen.
Anamorphs reported for genus: none.
Literature: Barr 1992a; Holm 1957, 1961; Shoemaker
1984b; Shoemaker and Babcock 1987.
Type species
Nodulosphaeria hirta Rabenh., Klotzschii Herb. Viv.
Mycol., Edn 2: no. 725 (in sched.) (1858). (Fig. 67)
Ascomata 260–330 μm high×260–330 μm diam.,
scattered, or in small groups, immersed to erumpent,
globose or subglobose, black, papillate, ostiolate. Papilla
50–80 μm high, numerous setae occur in the pore-like
ostiole (Fig. 67a and b). Peridium 15–30 μm wide at the
sides, thinner at the base, coriaceous, comprising two types
of cells, outer cells of 1–2 layers of heavily pigmented cells
of textura angularis, cells 6–8 μm diam., cell wall 1.5–
3 μm thick, inner of compressed cells, 5×13–3×8 μm
diam., wall 2–3 μm thick (Fig. 67c). Hamathecium of long
cellular pseudoparaphyses 2–3 μm broad, septate and
branching, mucilage not observed. Asci 100–123×12.5–15
(−17.5) μm (x ¼ 110:8 14:3mm, n=10), 8-spored, bitunicate,
fissitunicate, clavate to cylindro-clavate, with a very
short, furcate pedicel, with a small ocular chamber (to 2 μm
wide×1 μm high) (Fig. 67d). Ascospores 48–63×5–6.5 μm
(x ¼ 55:3 5:6mm, n=10), 4-seriate, filamentous, pale