Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

Fungal Diversity
fusoid to somewhat clavate, hyaline, usually slightly
curved, multi-septate.
Anamorphs reported for genus: none.
Literature: Hyde 1992b; Raja and Shearer 2008.
Type species
Falciformispora lignatilis K.D. Hyde, Mycol. Res. 96: 27
(1992). (Fig. 32)
Ascomata 180–270 μm high×250–340 μm diam., scattered
to gregarious, erumpent and eventually superficial, depressed
globose to ovoid, black, ostiolate, epapillate, coriaceous
(Fig. 32a). Peridium up to 35 μm wide, comprising two cell
types, outer layer composed of thick-walled cells of textura
angularis, upto8μm diam., cell wall up to 5 μm thick, inner
layer composed of hyaline compressed cells, cells 12×3 μm
diam., cell wall 1–1.5 μm thick (Fig. 32a). Hamathecium long
and cellular pseudoparaphyses, 2–3 μm broad, septate,
embedded in mucilage. Asci 115–130×23–31 μm, 8-spored,
bitunicate, fissitunicate, broadly clavate to fusoid, with a short,
thick pedicel, 8–15 μm long,withanocularchamber(to5μm
wide×3 μm high) (Fig. 32b and c). Ascospores 42–50×8–
10 μm, 2–3 seriate, fusoid to somewhat clavate, hyaline,
usually slightly curved, 6–8-septate, mostly 7-septate, slightly
constricted at all septa, smooth-walled, surrounded by a thin
mucilaginous sheath which is longer at the base (up to 20–
30 μm) (Fig.32d, e and f).
Anamorph: none reported.
Material examined: MEXICO, Nova Hispania, mangrove
near Boca de Pascuales, saprobic on immersed
intertidal mangrove wood, Mar. 1988, K.D. Hyde (BRIP
16972, holotype).
Notes
Morphology
Falciformispora was formally established by Hyde (1992b)
as a monotypic genus and was assigned to Pleosporaceae by
comparing with Setosphaeria, but Setosphaeria has the
anamorphic stage of Exserohilum and is exclusively parasitic
on Gramineae unlike Falciformispora. The setae on the
ascomata of Setosphaeria could also serve as a distinguishing
character from Falciformispora. Raja and Shearer (2008)
also collected this species from freshwater in Florida. They
considered that the species was more closely related to
Chaetomastia than Setosphaeria, but that Falciformispora
differed in having hyaline ascospores.
Phylogenetic study
Phylogenetic analyses in Schoch et al. (2009) and Suetrong et
al. (2009) placed Falciformispora lignatilis in Trematosphaeriaceae
in proximity to another marine species associated
with mangroves, Halomassarina thalassiae.
Concluding remarks
Phylogenetic work confirmed that the saprobic habitat of
Falciformispora is inconsistent with most other members of
Pleosporaceae. The hyaline multi-septate ascospores with a
mucilaginous sheath indicate affinities to Lophiostomataceae
but this is not supported in DNA sequence comparisons.
Carinispora is also similar and may be related.
Hadrospora Boise, Mem. N. Y. bot. Gdn 49: 310 (1989).
(?Phaeosphaeriaceae)
Generic description
Habitat terrestrial (or freshwater?), saprobic. Ascomata
small- to medium-sized, solitary, scattered, or in groups,
immersed to nearly superficial, globose to subglobose,
papillate. Peridium thin, comprising pseudoparenchymatous
cells. Hamathecium dense, narrowly cellular, embedded
in mucilage. Asci bitunicate, fissitunicate, oblong to
ovoid, with a short pedicel. Ascospores ellipsoid to broadly
fusoid with narrow ends, reddish brown, multi-septate,
constricted at the primary septum.
Anamorphs reported for genus: Zalerion (Tanaka and
Harada 2003a).
Literature: Boise1984, 1989; Fisher and Webster 1992;Shearer
and Crane 1971; Tanaka and Harada 2003a; Webster1993.
Type species
Hadrospora fallax (Mouton) Boise, Mem. N. Y. bot. Gdn
49: 310 (1989). (Fig. 33)
≡ Trematosphaeria fallax Mouton, Bull. Soc. R. Bot.
Belg. 25: 155, (1886).
Ascomata 130–240 μm high×200–330 μm diam., solitary,
scattered or in groups, initially immersed, becoming erumpent to
nearly superficial, with basal wall remaining immersed in host
tissue, not easily removed from the substrate, globose or
subglobose, roughened, papillate, coriaceous (Fig. 33a). Peridium
30–45 μm wide, comprising cells of pseudoparenchymatous,upto12.5×9μm
diam. (Fig. 33b and c). Hamathecium of
dense, narrowly cellular pseudoparaphyses, 1–2 μm broad,
embedded in mucilage. Asci 150–200×40–60 μm
(x ¼ 171:5 48mm, n=10), 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate,
oblong to ovoid, with a short pedicel, 10–24 μm long,
with a ocular chamber (to 5 μm wide×6 μm high) (Fig. 33d).
Ascospores 55–80×16–22 μm (x ¼ 67:1 18:1mm, n=10),
biseriate to 4-seriate, ellipsoid to broadly fusoid with narrow
ends, reddish brown with paler end cells, 8-septate,
constricted at the primary septum, smooth-walled (Fig. 33e,
f, g, h and i).
Anamorph: Zalerion sp. (Tanaka and Harada 2003a).
Material examined: BELGIUM, Beaufays, on cut off,
still hard wood. Oct. 1922, V. Mouton (BR, Capsa: K 7534,