Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

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Fungal Diversity broad, rarely septate pseudoparaphyses. Asci 85–125×10– 13 μm (x ¼ 106 11mm, n=10), (4-)8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate dehiscence not observed, broadly cylindrical to cylindrical, with a short, furcate pedicel, with a relatively large ocular chamber (Fig. 24c and d). Ascospores (16-)19–24×5– 7.5 μm (x ¼ 20:4 6:3mm, n=10), overlapping uniseriate to rarely biseriate, fusoid to broadly fusoid, pale brown, 3- septate, sometimes with one or two vertical septa in the middle cells, constricted at the septa, the upper cell often broader than the lower one, smooth-walled. Anamorph: Brachycladium penicillatum (Corda) Fr. (Inderbitzin et al. 2006). Material examined: AUSTRIA, Vienna, on decaying stems of Papaver rhoeas L., 28 Oct. 2001, W. Jaklitsch (UBC F14995, epitype). Notes Morphology Crivellia was separated from Pleospora and introduced as a new genus by Inderbitzin et al. (2006) based on their differences in ascospore morphology and anamorphic stages. Crivellia is characterized by having small- to medium-sized ascomata, and yellow, 3-septate ascospores Fig. 24 Crivellia papareracea (from UBC F14995, epitype). a Gregarious ascomata immersed within the host surface. b Section of an ascoma. c Asci within pseudoparaphyses. d Cylindrical ascus with a short pedicel. Scale bars: a=1 mm, b=100 μm, c, d=30 μm
Fungal Diversity with one or two vertical septa in central cells. Its Brachycladium anamorphic stage with phragmosporous conidia also differs from that of Stemphylium, which is the anamorphic stage of Pleospora (Inderbitzin et al. 2006). Currently, two species are included within Crivellia, i.e. C. homothallica Inderb. & Shoemaker and C. papaveracea. Phylogenetic study Crivellia papaveracea was shown to be closely related to some species of Alternaria, and its pleosporaceous status was confirmed following molecular studies (Inderbitzin et al. 2006). Concluding remarks Crivellia seems to belong to Pleosporaceae, and may be closely related to Pleospora. Decaisnella Fabre, Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 6 9:112 (1878). (<strong>Pleosporales</strong>, genera incertae sedis) Generic description Habitat terrestrial, saprobic. Ascomata medium to large, immersed to erumpent, clypeate, papillate, ostiolate. Hamathecium of dense, long, cellular pseudoparaphyses, rarely septate, embedded in mucilage. Asci mostly 4- or 8-spored, rarely 2-spored, cylindrical to cylindro-clavate, with a furcate pedicel. Ascospores muriform, dark brown, oblong with broadly rounded ends. Anamorphs reported for genus: none. Literature: Barr 1986; 1990a; b; Fabre 1878; Saccardo 1883. Type species Decaisnella spectabilis Fabre, Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 6 9: 112 (1879). (Fig. 25) Ascomata 520–680 μm high×430–600 μm diam., solitary, scattered, or in small groups of 2–3, immersed to erumpent, clypeate, globose or subglobose, black, roughened, with a blunt papilla up to 170 μm high, apex with a round ostiole, coriaceous (Fig. 25a). Peridium 70–90 μm thick at sides, thicker near the apex, comprising two types of cells; part immersed in host tissue, outer layer pseudoparenchymatous, 55–65 μm thick, pigmented, inner layer composed of lightly pigmented to hyaline thin-walled compressed cells, 15– 23 μm thick, cells 3.5–7 μm diam., part above host tissue heavily pigmented covered by clypeus tissues (Fig. 25b). Hamathecium of dense, long, cellular pseudoparaphyses, 1.5–3 μm broad, rarely septate, embedded in mucilage. Asci 150– 200×15– 25(− 33) μ m (x ¼ 181 20:6mm, n=10), (2-)4-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, broadly cylindrical, with a short, thick, furcate pedicel which is 20–40 μm long, no apical apparatus observed (Fig. 25e). Ascospores 37–45×12–17 μm (x ¼ 43 15mm, n=10), uniseriate and sometimes slightly overlapping, oblong with broadly rounded ends, dark brown, verrucose or smooth, 7–9 transverse septa and 1– 3 longitudinal septa in some of the cells, no constriction at the septa (Fig. 25c and d). Anamorph: none reported. Material examined: GERMANY, Valsalpe in der Ramsau, Bayer, Alpen, on Rhamnus pumila Turra., Jul. 1913, Karl Arnold (NY2082, syntype as Teichospora megalocarpa Rehm). Notes Morphology Decaisnella was formally established by Fabre (1879), but was treated as a synonym of Teichospora by Saccardo (1883). This was followed by several mycologists over a long time. The main morphological differences between Decaisnella and Teichospora include the size and septation of ascospores, shape of ascomata, structure of peridium and type of pseudoparaphyses (Barr 1986). Thus Barr (1986) revivedDecaisnella and assigned it to Massariaceae based on the shape of ascomata and large, distoseptate ascospores. Currently, 15 species are accepted under Decaisnella (http://www.mycobank.org/MycoTaxo. aspx). Neither the size of ascomata nor the ascospore characters have proven sufficient to place taxa at the family level in <strong>Pleosporales</strong> (Zhang et al. 2009a), and therefore familial placement of Decaisnella remains uncertain. Phylogenetic study Decaisnella formosa resided in the clade of Lophiostomataceae and in proximity to Lophiostoma macrostomoides De Not. (Plate 1). Concluding remarks The muriform ascospores, saprobic life style and 4- spored asci point Decaisnella spectabilis to Montagnulaceae, but this can only be confirmed following a molecular phylogenetic study. Delitschia Auersw., Hedwigia 5: 49 (1866). (Delitschiaceae) Generic description Habitat terrestrial, saprobic (coprophilous). Ascomata medium- to large-sized, solitary or scattered, immersed to erumpent, globose or subglobose, apex with or without papilla, ostiolate. Peridium thin, composed of compressed cells. Hamathecium of dense, long pseudoparaphyses, anastomosing and branching. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical to cylindro-clavate, with short pedicel. Ascospores uni- to
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Fungal Diversity DOI 10.1007/s13225
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Fungal Diversity Table 1 Major circ
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 54 Mamillisph
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 55 Massarina
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Fungal Diversity phaeria as a synon
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Fungal Diversity 5-8 μm diam., ind
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 60 Mixtura sa
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 61 Montagnula
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Fungal Diversity spored, bitunicate
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 64 Murispora
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Fungal Diversity Type species Neoph
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Fungal Diversity brown, 8-septate,
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 68 Ohleria mo
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 69 Ohleriella
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 70 Ophiobolus
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Fungal Diversity Type species Ostro
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 76 Platysporo
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 77 1 Pleomass
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 78 Pleophragm
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Fungal Diversity papillate, ostiola
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Fungal Diversity Williams 1963; Mal
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Fungal Diversity Generic descriptio
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Fungal Diversity composed of one ce
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 84 Saccharico
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 94 Westerdyke
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 95 Wettsteini
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 96 Wilmia bra
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Fungal Diversity Current name: Astr
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 100 Sporormie
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 102 Kriegerie
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Fungal Diversity Phylogenetic study
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 104 Zeuctomor
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 105 Muroia ni
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Fungal Diversity pseudoparenchymato
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Fungal Diversity Eremodothis Arx, K
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Fungal Diversity Type species: Macr
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Fungal Diversity ascospores of Plat
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Fungal Diversity monoceras Alcorn n
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Fungal Diversity tomataceae, Melano
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Fungal Diversity Table 4 (continued
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Fungal Diversity 1987b). Based on a
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Fungal Diversity only do so under v
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Fungal Diversity Dennis RWG (1968)
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Fungal Diversity Kirk PM, Cannon PF
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Fungal Diversity Saccardo PA (1880)
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Fungal Diversity Winter G (1887) As
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Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

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