Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW
Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW
Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
Fungal Diversity<br />
with one or two vertical septa in central cells. Its<br />
Brachycladium anamorphic stage with phragmosporous<br />
conidia also differs from that of Stemphylium, which is<br />
the anamorphic stage of Pleospora (Inderbitzin et al. 2006).<br />
Currently, two species are included within Crivellia, i.e. C.<br />
homothallica Inderb. & Shoemaker and C. papaveracea.<br />
Phylogenetic study<br />
Crivellia papaveracea was shown to be closely related to<br />
some species of Alternaria, and its pleosporaceous status was<br />
confirmed following molecular studies (Inderbitzin et al. 2006).<br />
Concluding remarks<br />
Crivellia seems to belong to Pleosporaceae, and may be<br />
closely related to Pleospora.<br />
Decaisnella Fabre, Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 6 9:112<br />
(1878). (<strong>Pleosporales</strong>, genera incertae sedis)<br />
Generic description<br />
Habitat terrestrial, saprobic. Ascomata medium to large,<br />
immersed to erumpent, clypeate, papillate, ostiolate. Hamathecium<br />
of dense, long, cellular pseudoparaphyses, rarely<br />
septate, embedded in mucilage. Asci mostly 4- or 8-spored,<br />
rarely 2-spored, cylindrical to cylindro-clavate, with a<br />
furcate pedicel. Ascospores muriform, dark brown, oblong<br />
with broadly rounded ends.<br />
Anamorphs reported for genus: none.<br />
Literature: Barr 1986; 1990a; b; Fabre 1878; Saccardo<br />
1883.<br />
Type species<br />
Decaisnella spectabilis Fabre, Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 6<br />
9: 112 (1879). (Fig. 25)<br />
Ascomata 520–680 μm high×430–600 μm diam.,<br />
solitary, scattered, or in small groups of 2–3, immersed<br />
to erumpent, clypeate, globose or subglobose, black,<br />
roughened, with a blunt papilla up to 170 μm high,<br />
apex with a round ostiole, coriaceous (Fig. 25a).<br />
Peridium 70–90 μm thick at sides, thicker near the apex,<br />
comprising two types of cells; part immersed in host<br />
tissue, outer layer pseudoparenchymatous, 55–65 μm<br />
thick, pigmented, inner layer composed of lightly pigmented<br />
to hyaline thin-walled compressed cells, 15–<br />
23 μm thick, cells 3.5–7 μm diam., part above host<br />
tissue heavily pigmented covered by clypeus tissues<br />
(Fig. 25b). Hamathecium of dense, long, cellular pseudoparaphyses,<br />
1.5–3 μm broad, rarely septate, embedded in<br />
mucilage. Asci 150– 200×15– 25(− 33) μ m<br />
(x ¼ 181 20:6mm, n=10), (2-)4-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate,<br />
broadly cylindrical, with a short, thick, furcate<br />
pedicel which is 20–40 μm long, no apical apparatus<br />
observed (Fig. 25e). Ascospores 37–45×12–17 μm<br />
(x ¼ 43 15mm, n=10), uniseriate and sometimes slightly<br />
overlapping, oblong with broadly rounded ends, dark<br />
brown, verrucose or smooth, 7–9 transverse septa and 1–<br />
3 longitudinal septa in some of the cells, no constriction at<br />
the septa (Fig. 25c and d).<br />
Anamorph: none reported.<br />
Material examined: GERMANY, Valsalpe in der Ramsau,<br />
Bayer, Alpen, on Rhamnus pumila Turra., Jul. 1913, Karl Arnold<br />
(NY2082, syntype as Teichospora megalocarpa Rehm).<br />
Notes<br />
Morphology<br />
Decaisnella was formally established by Fabre (1879),<br />
but was treated as a synonym of Teichospora by<br />
Saccardo (1883). This was followed by several mycologists<br />
over a long time. The main morphological differences<br />
between Decaisnella and Teichospora include the<br />
size and septation of ascospores, shape of ascomata,<br />
structure of peridium and type of pseudoparaphyses (Barr<br />
1986). Thus Barr (1986) revivedDecaisnella and assigned it<br />
to Massariaceae based on the shape of ascomata and large,<br />
distoseptate ascospores. Currently, 15 species are accepted<br />
under Decaisnella (http://www.mycobank.org/MycoTaxo.<br />
aspx). Neither the size of ascomata nor the ascospore<br />
characters have proven sufficient to place taxa at the family<br />
level in <strong>Pleosporales</strong> (Zhang et al. 2009a), and therefore<br />
familial placement of Decaisnella remains uncertain.<br />
Phylogenetic study<br />
Decaisnella formosa resided in the clade of Lophiostomataceae<br />
and in proximity to Lophiostoma macrostomoides<br />
De Not. (Plate 1).<br />
Concluding remarks<br />
The muriform ascospores, saprobic life style and 4-<br />
spored asci point Decaisnella spectabilis to Montagnulaceae,<br />
but this can only be confirmed following a molecular<br />
phylogenetic study.<br />
Delitschia Auersw., Hedwigia 5: 49 (1866). (Delitschiaceae)<br />
Generic description<br />
Habitat terrestrial, saprobic (coprophilous). Ascomata<br />
medium- to large-sized, solitary or scattered, immersed to<br />
erumpent, globose or subglobose, apex with or without<br />
papilla, ostiolate. Peridium thin, composed of compressed<br />
cells. Hamathecium of dense, long pseudoparaphyses,<br />
anastomosing and branching. Asci 8-spored, cylindrical to<br />
cylindro-clavate, with short pedicel. Ascospores uni- to
Change language