Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

Fungal Diversity
Ascospores 16.5–23×7.5–10 μm, biseriate, ovoid or ellipsoidal,
dark brown, 1-septate, constricted at the septum, verrucose
or verruculose, with or without germ pore (Fig. 93b).
Anamorph: none reported.
Material examined: SEYCHELLES, Victoria, on submerged
branch of Rhizophora mangle L., Mar. 2004, K.D.
Hyde (KDH 2137, slide).
Notes
Morphology
Verruculina was introduced to accommodate an obligate
marine species, i.e. Verruculina enalia (Kohlmeyer
and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1990). Verruculina is characterized
by immersed, clypeate, carbonaceous, ostiolate and
papillate ascomata. The peridium is composed of cells of
textura angularis. Pseudoparaphyses are trabeculate and
embedded in mucilage. Asci are 8-spored, cylindrical with
short pedicels and ocular chamber, and ascospores are
ellipsoidal, 1-septate, dark brown, verrucose or verruculose.
The partly or completely immersed clypeate ascomata
of V. enalia is comparable with those of
Didymosphaeria futilis, but it differs from the later by
the dark peridium, gelatinous matrix around the pseudoparaphyses,
stipitate asci with an ocular chamber, and the
verruculose ascospores (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-
Kohlmeyer 1990).
Phylogenetic study
Based on multigene phylogenetic analysis, Verruculina
enalia nested within Testudinaceae (Suetrong et al. 2009).
Thus, its familial placement seems clarified.
Concluding remarks
None.
Westerdykella Stolk, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 38: 422
(1955). (Sporormiaceae)
Generic description
Habitat terrestrial, saprobic (coprophilous). Ascomata
small, scattered on the upper layer of the culture medium,
wall black. Peridium thin, composed of one layer of cells of
polygonal, dark brown, thick-walled cells. Hamathecium
not observed. Asci 32-spored, bitunicate nature undetermined,
fissitunicate dehiscence not observed, subglobose to
ellipsoid, arranged in the centre of the ascomata, with or
without a short pedicel. Ascospores globose, brown, 1-celled,
without germ pore.
Anamorphs reported for genus: Phoma-like (von Arx 1974).
Literature: von Arx 1973, 1981; Kruys et al. 2006; Kruys
and Wedin 2009; Stolk 1955a.
Fig. 92 Trematosphaeria pertusa (a, d, f–i from epitype, b, c, e, j b
from neotype). a Ascomata on the host surface. b Section of an ascoma.
c, h Section of the peridium. c shows the peridium structure at sides,
and h indicates the basal peridium structure. Note the hyaline and thinwalled
cells in (h). d Asci amongst pseudoparaphyses. e Ascus with
pedicle. f, g Dehiscent ascus. i Upper part of the ascus, showing the
ocular chamber and the mucilage covering the apex. j, k Ascospores.
Scale bars: a=0.5 mm, b, c=100 μm, d–h=20 μm, i–k=10 μm
Type species
Westerdykella ornata Stolk, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 38: 422
(1955). (Fig. 94)
Ascomata 100–300 μm diam., cleistothecoid, scattered
on the upper layer of the culture medium, wall black
(Fig. 94a). Peridium composed of one layer of cells of
polygonal in front view, dark brown, thick-walled cells,
ca. 5μm diam. Hamathecium not observed. Asci 25–32×
16–22 μm, 32-spored, bitunicate nature undetermined,
fissitunicate dehiscence not observed, subglobose to
ellipsoid, arranged in the centre of the ascomata, with
a short furcate pedicel best seen in immature asci
(Fig. 94b, c, d and f). Ascospores 6.2–7×6–6.8 μm,
globose, brown, 1-celled, ornamented with irregular spiral
bands, which occur in four to five coils, without germ
pore (Fig. 94e).
Anamorph: none reported.
On MEA colonies spreading, but somewhat erumpent,
with moderate aerial mycelium and even, lobate margins;
surface dirty white with luteous to orange patches; reverse
orange to sienna. On PDA similar but with sparse aerial
mycelium; surface with patches of orange to luteous and
dirty white; reverse luteous with cream margins. On OA
flat, spreading with sparse aerial mycelium; surface with
luteous and dirty white patches and transparent margins;
sporulating on OA, visible as black masses of aggregated
ascomata; colonies reaching 4 cm diam. on all media (based
on CBS 379.55).
Material examined: MOZAMBIQUE, Inhaca, leg. H.J.
Swart, mangrove mud (CBS 379.55, holotype).
Notes
Morphology
Westerdykella was introduced to accommodate a
coprophilous fungus, which is characterized by cleistothecioid
and membraneous ascomata (Stolk 1955a). Asci
are subglobose to ellipsoid, stalked, many-spored and
evanescent. Ascospores are globose to subglobose,
brown, ornamented with spiral bands, without germ pores
(Stolk 1955a). Westerdykella was assigned under Phaeosporeae
of the Eurotiaceae (Stolk 1955a), and was
assigned to Sporormiaceae by von Arx and Müller
(1975). Based on the spore ornamentation, von Arx and