Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

Fungal Diversity
Type species: Macrospora scirpicola (DC.) Fuckel, Jb.
nassau. Ver. Naturk. 23–24: 139 (1870) [1869–70].
≡ Sphaeria scirpicola DC., in Lamarck & de Candolle,
Fl. franç., Edn 3 (Paris) 2: 300 (1805).
Macrospora had been assigned to Diademaceae based
on its applanate and muriform ascospores with 1-row of
longitudinal septa, with a sheath, 2–3 μm wide and
constricted at first septum and ascospores are paler and
larger than those of Comoclathris (Shoemaker and Babcock
1992). Macrospora was however, considered as a synonym
of Pyrenophora by Eriksson and Hawksworth (1991) which
was assigned in Pleosporaceae, and this proposal was
widely followed (Eriksson 2006; Lumbsch and Huhndorf
2010). Nimbya anamorphs were reported for Macrospora
(Johnson et al. 2002).
Massaria De Not., G. bot. ital. 1: 333 (1844).
Type species: Massaria inquinans (Tode) De Not., G. bot.
ital. 1: 333 (1844).
≡ Sphaeria inquinans Tode, Fung. mecklenb. sel.
(Lüneburg) 1: Fig. 85 (1790).
Colonies on MEA erumpent, not spreading; surface
irregular, folded; margins even, feathery; surface olivaceous
grey, with thin, umber margin; reverse olivaceous-grey. On
PDA similar; surface olivaceous grey, margin dirty white;
reverse smoke-grey to olivaceous grey; colonies reaching
1 cm diam. On OA similar, surface olivaceous grey in
centre, margins wide, dirty white; colonies reaching 12 mm
diam. on all media tested; colonies sterile (based on CBS
125591).
Massaria was formally established by de Notaris (1844),
and is typified by M. inquinans. Numerous fungi with
brown septate ascospores surrounded by gelatinous sheath
were included in the genus (Barr 1979b; Shoemaker and
LeClair 1975). Shoemaker and LeClair (1975) accepted a
narrow concept for Massaria, with only a few species
characterized by large, symmetric, 4-celled ascospores
surrounded by a massive gelatinous sheath. Barr (1979b,
1990a) had considered Aglaospora a separate genus, but this
subsequently proved congeneric with Massaria (Voglmayr
and Jaklitsch 2011). Based on intensive sample collection
and multi-gene phylogenetic analysis, Voglmayr and
Jaklitsch (2011) acceptedMassaria as the sole genus within
Massariaceae, which is characterized by a set of well
defined morphological and ecological characters; Europe is
regarded as the centre of diversity.
Misturatosphaeria Mugambi & Huhndorf, Stud. Mycol.
64: 108 (2009).
Type species: Misturatosphaeria aurantonotata Mugambi &
Huhndorf, Stud. Mycol. 64: 108 (2009).
Misturatosphaeria was introduced to accommodate a
group of fungi which are phylogenetically closely related to
Amniculicolaceae, Lophiostomataceae sensu stricto and
Sporormiaceae (Mugambi and Huhndorf 2009b; Zhang et
al. 2009a). Species of Misturatosphaeria are characterized
by erumpent to superficial ascomata which are scattered or
in groups, with or without papilla; asci cylindrical or
clavate, 8-spored; pseudoparaphyses numerous, septate,
ascospores brown or hyaline, phragmosporous or dictyosporous,
with or without sheath. The terrestrial saprobic
habitat on wood, as well as its distinct morphological
characters may indicate that this genus belongs to an
undescribed family. A close relationship with the marine
anamorphic species Floricola striata is unexpected and
may suggest that some of the species in this genus could
have marine affinities (Plate 1).
Navicella Fabre, Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 6 9: 96 (1879)
[1878].
Type species: Navicella julii Fabre, Annls Sci. Nat., Bot.,
sér. 6 9: 96 (1879) [1878].
Navicella is characterized by medium- to large-sized,
immersed to erumpent, globose ascomata, apex elongated or
rarely rounded, asci clavate or cylindrical, pseudoparaphyses
trabeculate, ascospores reddish to dark brown, ellipsoid to
fusoid, multi-septate, the primary septum is euseptate, and
others distoseptate, obliquely uniseriate or biseriate (Barr
1990a). Navicella is saprobic on bark, and was considered
closely related to the Lophiostomataceae (Holm and Holm
1988). Based on the wide endotunica, thin apical ring and
distoseptate ascospores, Barr (1990a) transferred it to the
Massariaceae. The morphological characters of Navicella do
not match the Massariaceae sensu stricto (Voglmayr and
Jaklitsch 2011).
Neotestudina Segretain & Destombes, C. r. hebd. Séanc.
Acad. Sci., Paris 253: 2579 (1961).
Type species: Neotestudina rosatii Segretain &Destombes,
C. r. hebd. Séanc. Acad. Sci., Paris 253: 2579 (1961).
Neotestudina is characterized by medium- to large-sized,
superficial, gregarious, cleistothecioid and globose ascomata
which split on opening. Asci are 4- or 8-spored, and cylindrical
or oblong, pseudoparaphyses are sparse and trabeculate, and
ascospores are dark brown, ellipsoid, 1-septate, with a small
germ pore at each end, and uniseriate or crowded in the asci
(Barr 1990a). Based on the cleistothecioid ascomata, Neotestudina
was assigned under Zopfiaceae (von Arx and Müller
1975) or Testudinaceae (Hawksworth 1979). Barr (1990a)
assigned it to Didymosphaeriaceae basedonitsascospore
morphology. A DNA based phylogeny showed that sequence
obtained from Neotestudina rosatii resides as sister to
Ulospora bilgramii (D. Hawksw., C. Booth & Morgan-
Jones) D. Hawksw., Malloch & Sivan. and other species that
may represent Testudinaceae or Platystomaceae (Kruys et al.
2006; Plate 1).