Fungal Diversity Ascospores 16.5–23×7.5–10 μm, biseriate, ovoid or ellipsoidal, dark brown, 1-septate, constricted at the septum, verrucose or verruculose, with or without germ pore (Fig. 93b). Anamorph: none reported. Material examined: SEYCHELLES, Victoria, on submerged branch of Rhizophora mangle L., Mar. 2004, K.D. Hyde (KDH 2137, slide). Notes Morphology Verruculina was introduced to accommodate an obligate marine species, i.e. Verruculina enalia (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1990). Verruculina is characterized by immersed, clypeate, carbonaceous, ostiolate and papillate ascomata. The peridium is composed of cells of textura angularis. Pseudoparaphyses are trabeculate and embedded in mucilage. Asci are 8-spored, cylindrical with short pedicels and ocular chamber, and ascospores are ellipsoidal, 1-septate, dark brown, verrucose or verruculose. The partly or completely immersed clypeate ascomata of V. enalia is comparable with those of Didymosphaeria futilis, but it differs from the later by the dark peridium, gelatinous matrix around the pseudoparaphyses, stipitate asci with an ocular chamber, and the verruculose ascospores (Kohlmeyer and Volkmann- Kohlmeyer 1990). Phylogenetic study Based on multigene phylogenetic analysis, Verruculina enalia nested within Testudinaceae (Suetrong et al. 2009). Thus, its familial placement seems clarified. Concluding remarks None. Westerdykella Stolk, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 38: 422 (1955). (Sporormiaceae) Generic description Habitat terrestrial, saprobic (coprophilous). Ascomata small, scattered on the upper layer of the culture medium, wall black. Peridium thin, composed of one layer of cells of polygonal, dark brown, thick-walled cells. Hamathecium not observed. Asci 32-spored, bitunicate nature undetermined, fissitunicate dehiscence not observed, subglobose to ellipsoid, arranged in the centre of the ascomata, with or without a short pedicel. Ascospores globose, brown, 1-celled, without germ pore. Anamorphs reported for genus: Phoma-like (von Arx 1974). Literature: von Arx 1973, 1981; Kruys et al. 2006; Kruys and Wedin 2009; Stolk 1955a. Fig. 92 Trematosphaeria pertusa (a, d, f–i from epitype, b, c, e, j b from neotype). a Ascomata on the host surface. b Section of an ascoma. c, h Section of the peridium. c shows the peridium structure at sides, and h indicates the basal peridium structure. Note the hyaline and thinwalled cells in (h). d Asci amongst pseudoparaphyses. e Ascus with pedicle. f, g Dehiscent ascus. i Upper part of the ascus, showing the ocular chamber and the mucilage covering the apex. j, k Ascospores. Scale bars: a=0.5 mm, b, c=100 μm, d–h=20 μm, i–k=10 μm Type species Westerdykella ornata Stolk, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 38: 422 (1955). (Fig. 94) Ascomata 100–300 μm diam., cleistothecoid, scattered on the upper layer of the culture medium, wall black (Fig. 94a). Peridium composed of one layer of cells of polygonal in front view, dark brown, thick-walled cells, ca. 5μm diam. Hamathecium not observed. Asci 25–32× 16–22 μm, 32-spored, bitunicate nature undetermined, fissitunicate dehiscence not observed, subglobose to ellipsoid, arranged in the centre of the ascomata, with a short furcate pedicel best seen in immature asci (Fig. 94b, c, d and f). Ascospores 6.2–7×6–6.8 μm, globose, brown, 1-celled, ornamented with irregular spiral bands, which occur in four to five coils, without germ pore (Fig. 94e). Anamorph: none reported. On MEA colonies spreading, but somewhat erumpent, with moderate aerial mycelium and even, lobate margins; surface dirty white with luteous to orange patches; reverse orange to sienna. On PDA similar but with sparse aerial mycelium; surface with patches of orange to luteous and dirty white; reverse luteous with cream margins. On OA flat, spreading with sparse aerial mycelium; surface with luteous and dirty white patches and transparent margins; sporulating on OA, visible as black masses of aggregated ascomata; colonies reaching 4 cm diam. on all media (based on <strong>CBS</strong> 379.55). Material examined: MOZAMBIQUE, Inhaca, leg. H.J. Swart, mangrove mud (<strong>CBS</strong> 379.55, holotype). Notes Morphology Westerdykella was introduced to accommodate a coprophilous fungus, which is characterized by cleistothecioid and membraneous ascomata (Stolk 1955a). Asci are subglobose to ellipsoid, stalked, many-spored and evanescent. Ascospores are globose to subglobose, brown, ornamented with spiral bands, without germ pores (Stolk 1955a). Westerdykella was assigned under Phaeosporeae of the Eurotiaceae (Stolk 1955a), and was assigned to Sporormiaceae by von Arx and Müller (1975). Based on the spore ornamentation, von Arx and
Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity DOI 10.1007/s13225
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Fungal Diversity Table 1 Major circ
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