Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

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Fungal Diversity Fig. 80 Pleospora herbarium (from E, Krieger 683). a Immersed ascomata scattering on host surface. b Ascomata in small groups. Note: the surface layer of the host is removed. c Section of an ascoma. Note the peridium cells of textura angularis. d, e. Asci with short pedicels f–j Ascospores. Scale bars: a, b=0.5 mm, c=100 μm, d, e=30 μm, f–j= 20 μm Barr 1987b, 1990a;Boylan1970; Cain 1961; Eriksson 1992; Fuckel 1866; Guarroetal.1981, 1997a, b; KhanandCain 1979a, b; Kruys and Wedin 2009; Lodha 1971; Lorenzo 1994; Luck-Allen and Cain 1975; Maciejowska and
Fungal Diversity Williams 1963; Malloch and Cain 1972; Munk 1957; Narendra and Rao 1976; Rai and Tewari 1963; Sultana and Malik 1980. Type species Preussia funiculata (Preuss) Fuckel, Jb. nassau. Ver. Naturk. 23–24: 91 (1870) [1869–70]. (Fig. 81) ≡ Perisporium funiculatum Preuss, Fung. Hoyersw.: no. 145 (1851). Ascomata 240–500 μm diam., cleistothecial, solitary, scattered on substrate, superficial, globose, membraneous, black (Fig. 81a). Peridium thin, composed of thick-walled, poly-angular cells in front view (Fig. 81b). Pseudoparaphyses not observed. Asci 42–65×20–25 μm (x ¼ 55:8 21:8mm, n= 10), (4-)8-spored, bitunicate, broadly clavate, with a long and thin and furcate pedicel, up to 115 μm long, ocular chamber not observed (Fig. 81c and d). Ascospores 30–40×6.3– 7.5 μm (x ¼ 35:6 6:9mm, n=10), 3–6 seriate to uniseriate near the base, cylindrical with rounded ends, brown, with 3 transverse septa, easily breaking into partspores, central cells round in transverse section but rectangular in vertical section, with a germ slit in each cell, 6.5–8.5× 4–7.5 μm broad, apical cells 8.8–10×5–7 μm broad, sheath not observed. Anamorph: none reported. Material examined: USA, Ontario, York Co., Nashville, on old jute sack on ground, 1 Jul. 1960, leg. & det. R.F. Cain (in part Preussia typharum) (TRTC 46985). Notes Morphology Preussia was introduced by Fuckel (1866) to accommodate species having cleistothecioid ascomata, bitunicate asci, multi-septate ascospores with a germ slit in each cell and with a gelatinous sheath, and occurring in soil or plant debris. Preussia, Sporormia and Sporormiella are regarded as closely related genera, which share numerous morphological characters. Sporormia can be distinguished from Preussia by its perithecioid ascomata and cylindrical asci. The only distinguishing morphological character for Preussia from Sporormiella are the cleistothecioid ascomata in Preussia (Barr 2000; Cain 1961), but this has been shown to have little phylogenetic significance (von Arx 1973; Zhang et al. 2009a). Substrate preference has been used to distinguish species of Sporormiella and Preussia, with Sporormiella being restricted to a coprophilous habitat, while Preussia grows in plant debris, wood or soil (von Arx and van der Aa 1987). This proposal was rejected, as P. intermedia (Clum) Cain can be isolated from either soil or dung (Guarro et al. 1997b). In a review of Preussia, Cain (1961) accepted 12 species, and some of them are coprophilous. Subsequently, numerous additional new species have been published (Arenal et al. 2005; Barr 1987b, 1990a; Boylan 1970; Eriksson1992; Guarro et al. 1981, 1997a, b; Khan and Cain 1979a; Lodha1971; Lorenzo 1994; Luck- Allen and Cain 1975; Maciejowska and Williams 1963; Malloch and Cain 1972; Narendra and Rao 1976; Rai and Tewari 1963; Sultana and Malik 1980). Currently, 84 species are listed under Preussia (http://www.mycobank.org/ mycotaxo.aspx, 10/2010) and Kirk et al. (2008) estimates there are 51 species. Phylogenetic study In phylogenetic analysis based on ITS, nLSU, mtSSU and β-tubulin gene fragments, Preussia, Sporormiella and Spororminula clustered together. Thus, Sporormiella together with Spororminula are treated as synonyms of Preussia (Kruys and Wedin 2009). Concluding remarks Preussia sensu lato (including Sporormiella and Spororminula) based on both morphology and molecular data should be accepted pending further research. Quintaria Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., Bot. Mar. 34: 34 (1991). (<strong>Pleosporales</strong>, genera incertae sedis) Habitat marine, saprobic. Ascomata medium-sized, scattered or loosely gregarious, immersed, mostly subglobose, rarely globose, with a protruding papilla, ostiolate. Peridium thin, 2-layered, coriaceous, thicker near the apex. Hamathecium of dense, filamentous, trabeculate pseudoparaphyses, branching and anastomosing between and above asci. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindro-clavate, with a short furcate pedicel. Ascospores biseriate, broadly fusoid to fusoid, hyaline, mostly 5- septate, rarely up to 7-septate. Anamorphs reported for genus: none. Literature: Hyde and Goh 1999; Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer 1991; Suetrong et al. 2009; Zhang et al. 2008b. Type species Quintaria lignatilis (Kohlm.) Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., Bot. Mar. 34: 35 (1991). (Fig. 82) ≡ Trematosphaeria lignatilis Kohlm., Marine Ecology, [Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica Napoli I] 5(4): 365 (1984). Ascomata 240–500 μm diam., scattered or loosely gregarious, immersed, globose to subglobose, coriaceous, ostiolate, ostiole is encrusted with thick-walled black cells, papilla up to 400 μm long (Fig. 82a). Peridium thin, 20– 30 μm wide, thinner at the base, thicker near the apex, up to
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Fungal Diversity DOI 10.1007/s13225
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Fungal Diversity Table 1 Major circ
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity biocontrol agent o
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Fungal Diversity substrates and man
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Fungal Diversity 2. To investigate
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Fungal Diversity Table 3 (continued
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 2 Aigialus gr
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 3 Amniculicol
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Fungal Diversity Literature: Berkel
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Fungal Diversity Ascorhombispora L.
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 8 Astrosphaer
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 9 Asymmetrico
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Fungal Diversity Notes Morphology B
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Fungal Diversity Generic descriptio
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Fungal Diversity Anamorph: none rep
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 14 Bimuria no
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 15 Bricookea
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 16 Byssolophi
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Fungal Diversity Notes Morphology B
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Fungal Diversity the reaction of pe
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 21 Chaetomast
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 23 Cilioplea
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Fungal Diversity Moreau 1953; Munk
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 28 Dothidotth
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 29 Dubitatio
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Fungal Diversity assigned Entodesmi
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 33 Hadrospora
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 34 Halotthia
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Fungal Diversity Notes Morphology H
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Fungal Diversity some effused Hypox
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 38 Isthmospor
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 39 Kalmusia e
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Fungal Diversity Anamorph: none rep
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 46 Lewia scro
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Fungal Diversity Loculohypoxylon M.
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Fungal Diversity 1987b). Based on a
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Fungal Diversity Dennis RWG (1968)
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Fungal Diversity Kirk PM, Cannon PF
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Fungal Diversity Saccardo PA (1880)
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Fungal Diversity Winter G (1887) As
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Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

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