Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

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Fungal Diversity 10–20 μm wide at sides, comprising one cell type of 2–3 layers of thick walled scleroparenchymatous cells, cell wall 2–5 μm thick, peridium thicker near the apex (Fig. 56b). Hamathecium of dense, trabeculate pseudoparaphyses, 1–2 μm broad, septate, branching and anastomosing. Asci 120–173×18–25 μm (x ¼ 133:2 20:5mm, n=10), 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate dehiscence not observed, broadly cylindrical to cylindro-clavate, with a short, thick, furcate pedicel, up to 15 μm long. Ascospores 32.5–42×10–13 μm (x ¼ 36 11:2mm, n=10), narrowly ellipsoid, usually slightly curved, dark brown, 7–9 septa, slightly constricted at the median septum (Fig. 56c and d). Anamorph: none reported. Material examined: SWITZERLAND, Kt. Wallis, Findelen, Artemisiae campestris L., 10 Sept. 1895, H. Wegelin (ZT, holotype). Notes Morphology Massariosphaeria was established by Müller (1950) as a section of Leptosphaeria based on its large, thick-walled ascospores with a mucilaginous sheath as well as its ascomata with a thick apex. Massariosphaeria was introduced as a separate genus by Crivelli (1983), characterized by its wide peridial apex comprising thick-walled cells, compressed to round papilla, and relatively large, thick-walled, reddish brown to brown, multi-septate to dictyosporous ascospores, usually surrounded by a sheath (Crivelli 1983; Huhndorf et al. 1990; Leuchtmann 1984). In particular, Crivelli (1983) emphasized that species of Massariosphaeria often stain the woody substrate (or culture) purple, and this was accepted by Leuchtmann (1984). Barr (1989c) had treated Massarios- Fig. 56 Massariosphaeria phaeospora (ZT, holotype). a Ascomata scattering on the host surface. Note the immersed to erumpent ascomata. b Section of a partial peridium. Note the peridium structure. c, d Released ascospores. Scale bars: a=1 mm, b–d=20 μm
Fungal Diversity phaeria as a synonym of Chaetomastia, but this viewpoint was rarely followed. Phylogenetic study The polyphyletic nature of Massariosphaeria is detected by analyzing SSU and LSU rDNA sequences (Wang et al. 2007). The purple staining character has shown phylogenetic significance in Amniculicolaceae, a freshwater family from France (Zhang et al. 2009a). A single isolate of M. phaeospora was shown to be unrelated to Amniculicolaceae and clustered with a single isolate of Thyridaria rubronotata (Schoch et al. 2009; Zhang et al. 2009a). Concluding remarks Based on phylogenetic analysis, staining the substrate purple may have more phylogenetic significance than morphological characters (Zhang et al. 2009a). Thus, the generic circumscription of Massariosphaeria should be re-evaluated by further phylogenetic study with more relevant taxa included. Mauritiana Poonyth, K.D. Hyde, Aptroot & Peerally, Fungal Divers. 4: 102 (2000). (?Zopfiaceae) Generic description Habitat terrestrial, saprobic. Ascomata medium-sized, gregarious, ovoid, immersed, ostiolate, ostiole rounded. Peridium thin, thicker near the apex. Hamathecium of dense, cellular pseudoparaphyses, branching. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, cylindrical to cylindro-clavate, with a short pedicel and a small ocular chamber. Ascospores 2-3-seriate, fusoid with rounded ends, dark brown with paler apical cells, multi-septate, distoseptate, slightly constricted at the primary septum. Anamorphs reported for genus: none. Literature: Hawksworth et al. 1995; Poonyth et al. 2000; Suetrong et al. 2009. Type species Mauritiana rhizophorae Poonyth, K.D. Hyde, Aptroot & Peerally, Fungal Divers. 4: 102 (2000). (Fig. 57) Ascomata 390–410 μm high×310–325 μm diam., gregarious, ovoid, immersed, ostiolate, ostiole rounded (Fig. 57a). Peridium 40–60 μm thick laterally, thicker near the apex (Fig. 57a and b). Hamathecium of dense, long cellular pseudoparaphyses, 1.5–2 μm broad, branching. Asci 130–180×20–25 μm (x ¼ 156 21:8mm, n=10), 8-spored, bitunicate, cylindrical to cylindro-clavate, with a short pedicel, with a small ocular chamber (Fig. 57c, d and e). Ascospores 29–40×9–13 μm (x ¼ 35:4 11mm, n=10), 2-3-seriate, fusoid with rounded ends, dark brown with paler apical cells, 9–13-distoseptate, slightly constricted at the primary septum, smooth (Fig. 57f,g,handi). Anamorph: none reported. Material examined: MAURITIUS, Grand Gaube, Melville mangrove, on dead decorticated Rhizophora mucronata Lam.woodstillattachedtolivingtree,Jan. 1995, A.D. Poonyth (HKU(M)10219, holotype). Notes Morphology Mauritiana was introduced to accommodate the mangrove fungus, M. rhizophorae, which is characterized by immersed ostiolate, periphysate ascomata, thin peridium, bitunicate, 8-spored, cylindrical to cylindro-clavate asci, fusoid, smooth, hyaline to pale brown, multi-septate and distoseptate ascospores (Poonyth et al. 2000). But after carefully studying the type of M. rhizophorae, notypical distoseptate ascospores observed. The pigmented curved septum of the ascospore gives a “thickened” appearance. Based on its immersed ascomata, presence of cellular pseudoparaphyses, thick-walled, fissitunicate asci and brown, phragmosporous ascospores constricted at the primary septum, Mauritiana was assigned to the Pyrenulales sensu stricto (Melanommatales sensu lato, Dothideales sensu lato) (Hawksworth et al. 1995; Poonyth et al. 2000). Phylogenetic study Based on a multigene phylogenetic analysis, Mauritiana rhizophorae resided within a paraphyletic clade (Suetrong et al. 2009) sister to marine fungi Halotthia posidonia and Pontoporeia biturbinata. In this study, the dendrogram shows it to be closely related to the Sporormiaceae and Lophiostomataceae, which may indicate an uncircumscribed familial clade (Plate 1). Thus, its familial placement remains undetermined. Concluding remarks The “thickened” septa of ascospores of Mauritiana rhizophorae is quite unique in <strong>Pleosporales</strong>, which makes it easily distinguishable from other genera.. Melanomma Nitschke ex Fuckel, Jb. nassau. Ver. Naturk. 23–24: 159 (1870). (Melanommataceae) Generic description Habitat terrestrial, saprobic. Ascomata immersed, erumpent to nearly superficial, medium- to large-sized, globose to subglobose, coriaceous, gregarious, short papillate. Peridium pseudoparenchymatous cells outside with pale compressed cells inside. Asci cylindric to clavate with short pedicels. Hamathecium of dense, filamentous, branching, rarely anastomosing, septate pseudoparaphyses. Ascospores pale brown, reddish brown to olive-brown, ellipsoid to fusoid, 2 to multi-septate, constricted at the main septum.
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Fungal Diversity DOI 10.1007/s13225
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Fungal Diversity Table 1 Major circ
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity biocontrol agent o
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Fungal Diversity substrates and man
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Fungal Diversity 2. To investigate
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Fungal Diversity Table 3 (continued
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 2 Aigialus gr
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 3 Amniculicol
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Fungal Diversity Literature: Berkel
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Fungal Diversity Ascorhombispora L.
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 8 Astrosphaer
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 9 Asymmetrico
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Fungal Diversity Notes Morphology B
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Fungal Diversity Generic descriptio
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Fungal Diversity Anamorph: none rep
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 14 Bimuria no
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 15 Bricookea
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 16 Byssolophi
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Fungal Diversity Notes Morphology B
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Fungal Diversity the reaction of pe
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 21 Chaetomast
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 23 Cilioplea
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Fungal Diversity with one or two ve
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Fungal Diversity dense, long trabec
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Fungal Diversity Anamorphs reported
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 94 Westerdyke
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 95 Wettsteini
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 96 Wilmia bra
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Fungal Diversity Current name: Astr
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Fungal Diversity spores are actuall
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 100 Sporormie
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 102 Kriegerie
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Fungal Diversity Phylogenetic study
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 104 Zeuctomor
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 105 Muroia ni
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Fungal Diversity pseudoparenchymato
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Fungal Diversity Eremodothis Arx, K
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Fungal Diversity Type species: Macr
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Fungal Diversity ascospores of Plat
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Fungal Diversity monoceras Alcorn n
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Fungal Diversity tomataceae, Melano
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Fungal Diversity 1987b). Based on a
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Fungal Diversity only do so under v
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Fungal Diversity Dennis RWG (1968)
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Fungal Diversity Kirk PM, Cannon PF
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Fungal Diversity Saccardo PA (1880)
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Fungal Diversity Winter G (1887) As
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Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

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