Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

Fungal Diversity
ascospores of Platystomum have both transverse and
vertical septa (Barr 1990a, b; ChestersandBell1970).
However, the boundary between Lophiostoma and Platystomum
is not clear (Chesters and Bell 1970). Holm and
Holm (1988) treated Platystomum as a synonym of
Lophiostoma, and concurrently, the Platystomaceae
should be treated as a synonym of Lophiostomataceae.
Based on a phylogenetic analysis, however, the generic
type of Platystomum (P. compressum) separated from
other species of Lophiostoma, and nested with the clade of
Platystomaceae (Mugambi and Huhndorf 2009b) which
may be closely related to species in the Testiduniaceae
(Plate 1).
Polyplosphaeria Kaz. Tanaka & K. Hirayama, Stud.
Mycol. 64: 192 (2009).
Type species: Polyplosphaeria fusca Kaz. Tanaka & K.
Hirayama, Stud. Mycol. 64: 193 (2009).
Polyplosphaeria is characterized by globose ascomata
surrounded by numerous brown hyphae and a reddish
pigment on the host surface around the ascomata (Tanaka et
al. 2009). Asci are cylindro-clavate with fissitunicate
dehiscence and ascospores are narrowly fusoid surrounded
by a sheath. The anamorph is Piricauda-like (Tanaka et al.
2009). The cylindro-clavate asci, narrowly fusoid ascospores
as well as its thin and numerous pseudoparaphyses are
comparable with those of Massarina sensu lato, especially
Lentithecium (Zhang et al. 2009a). The terrestrial and
bambusicolous habitat of Polyplosphaeria and Piricauda
anamorph readily distinguishes the genus from Lentithecium.
Pontoporeia Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 6: 5 (1963).
Type species: Pontoporeia biturbinata (Durieu & Mont.)
Kohlm., Nova Hedwigia 6: 5 (1963)
≡ Sphaeria biturbinata Durieu & Mont., Flora Algéricae
1: 497 (1849).
Pontoporeia was introduced by Kohlmeyer in 1963,
and is monotypified by P. biturbinata. Pontoporeia was
treated as a synonym of Zopfia (Malloch and Cain 1972),
which is followed by Hawksworth and Booth (1974).
Based on its asci originating at the periphery of the
subglobose locus, filaments occupying the center of the
ascocarps, the irregular peridial structure, the ascospores
having 2-layered walls with a germ pore at each end and
its marine habitat, Pontoporeia was kept as a separate
genus within Pleosporaceae (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer
1979). A DNA based phylogeny placed an isolate on a
long branch in relationship with other marine species,
Halotthia posidoniae and Mauritiana rhizophorae, but a
familial placement awaits further resolution (Suetrong et
al. 2009).
Pseudotrichia Kirschst., Annls mycol. 37: 125 (1939).
Type species: Pseudotrichia stromatophila Kirschst., Annls
mycol. 37: 125 (1939).
Pseudotrichia can be distinguished from Byssosphaeria,
Herpotrichia and Lojkania by its lacking of subiculum,
larger ascomata usually with compressed apices, the
peripheral arrangement of asci and trabeculate pseudoparaphyses
(Barr 1984). Phylogenetic study of strains Pseudotrichia
mutabilis and some Herpotrichia species indicated
that these species are closely related, and both nested within
Melanommataceae (Mugambi and Huhndorf 2009b). But in
this study, Pseudotrichia guatopoensis nested in the
Testudinaceae (or Platystomaceae) (Plate 1). The types of
both Herpotrichia and Pseudotrichia need recollecting,
redescribing and epitypifying in order to stabiles the use of
these generic names and clarify their familial status.
Pseudoyuconia Lar.N. Vassiljeva, Nov. sist. Niz. Rast. 20:
71 (1983).
Type species: Pseudoyuconia thalictri (G. Winter) Lar. N.
Vassiljeva [as ‘thalicti’], Nov. sist. Niz. Rast. 20: 71 (1983).
≡ Leptosphaeria thalictri G. Winter, Hedwigia 10: 40
(1872).
Pseudoyuconia was introduced by Vassiljeva (1983), and
was monotypified by P. thalictri. Currently, Pseudoyuconia
is included in Pleosporaceae (Lumbsch and Huhndorf
2010).
Pyrenophora Fr., Summa veg. Scand., Section Post.
(Stockholm): 397 (1849).
Type species: Pyrenophora phaeocomes (Rebent.) Fr.,
Summa veg. Scand., Section Post. (Stockholm): 397
(1849).
≡ Sphaeria phaeocomes Rebent., Prodr. fl. neomarch.
(Berolini): 338 (1804).
Pyrenophora is characterized by immersed, erumpent to
nearly superficial ascomata, indefinite pseudoparaphyses,
clavate to saccate asci usually with a large apical ring, and
muriform terete ascospores. Morphologically, the terete
ascospores of Pyrenophora can be readily distinguished
from Clathrospora and Platyspora. The indefinite pseudoparaphyses
and smaller ascospores of Pyrenophora can be
readily distinguished from those of Pleospora (Sivanesan
1984). Based on both morphology and molecular phylogeny,
Pyrenophora is closely related to Pleosporaceae
(Zhang et al. 2009a).
Rechingeriella Petr., in Rechinger et al. Annln naturh. Mus.
Wien 50: 465 (1940).
Type species: Rechingeriella insignis Petr., Annln naturh.
Mus. Wien, Ser. B, Bot. Zool. 50: 465 (1940).
Rechingeriella is characterized by its erumpent to
superficial, cleistothecioid ascomata and thin, branching
pseudoparaphyses (Hawksworth and Booth 1974). Asci are