Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

Fungal Diversity
Eremodothis Arx, Kavaka 3: 34 (1976) [1975] (IMI 90223=
CBS 610.74 type).
Type species: Eremodothis angulata (A.C. Das) Arx,
Kavaka 3: 34 (1976) [1975].
≡ Thielavia angulata A.C. Das, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc.
45: 545 (1962).
The type species of Eremodothis (E. angulata) was
originally isolated from rice field soil in Fulta, India and it
was assigned to Sporormiaceae because of the orange
pigmentation of the colony (von Arx 1976). The cleistothecoid
ascomata, sphaerical asci and 1-celled ascospores of E.
angulata are comparable with those of Pycnidiophora.
Based on a multigene phylogenetic study, both Eremodothis
and Pycnidiophora were treated as synonyms of Westerdykella
(Kruys and Wedin 2009).
Extrawettsteinina M.E. Barr, Contr. Univ. Mich. Herb. 9
(8): 538 (1972).
Type species: Extrawettsteinina minuta M.E. Barr, Contr.
Univ. Mich. Herb. 9(8): 538 (1972).
Extrawettsteinina was introduced to accommodate three
species, i.e. E. minuta, E. pinastri M.E. Barr and E. mediterranea
(E. Müll.) M.E. Barr, which are saprobic on the dead leaves
of gymnosperms and angiosperms, in North America and
Europe (Barr 1972). Subsequently, a fourth species was
introduced, viz. E. andromedae (Auersw.) M.E. Barr (Barr
1987a). Extrawettsteinina is characterized by superficial, conical
ascomata, containing a few saccate bitunicate asci, ellipsoidal,
obovate-clavate, septate, smooth and hyaline ascospores which
turn dull brown at maturity (Barr 1972). The diagnostic
character of Extrawettsteinina is its conic ascocarps which are
superficial on the substrate, and radiating arrangement of wall
cells, which makes it distinguishable from comparable genera
such as Stomatogene and Wettsteinina.
Graphyllium Clem., Botanical Survey of Nebraska 5: 6 (1901).
Type species: Graphyllium chloës Clem., Botanical Survey
of Nebraska 5: 6 (1901).
Graphyllium was first described as a hysteriaceous
fungus with elongate ascomata, but von Höhnel (1918b,
1919) recognized its similarity to Clathrospora. Petrak
(1952) transferred Graphyllium to Pleospora, andnoted
that the elongate ascomata and closely grouped rows of
small ascomata are not sufficient to recognize the genus.
Barr (1987b, 1990b) supported this proposal and considered
Graphyllium differs from Clathrospora by shape,
septation and pigmentation of ascospores. A narrow
generic concept of Graphyllium was adapted by Shoemaker
and Babcock (1992), which is characterized by hysterothecia,
applanate ascospores that are at least 3-septate in side view
and have some longitudinal septa in front view, and it was
assigned under Hysteriaceae (order Pleosporales, Shoemaker
and Babcock 1992). But subsequent classification systems
tend to assign it to Diademaceae (e.g. Lumbsch and
Huhndorf 2007, 2010). This seems unlikely as pointed out
by Zhang et al. (2011) and the genus could be placed in one
of five families containing hysteriotheciod ascomata. Recollection
and molecular studies are needed.
Halomassarina Suetrong, Sakay., E.B.G. Jones, Kohlm.,
Volkm.-Kohlm. & C.L. Schoch, Stud. Mycol. 64: 161 (2009).
Type species: Halomassarina thalassiae (Kohlm. & Volkm.-
Kohlm.) Suetrong, Sakay., E.B.G. Jones, Kohlm., Volkm.-
Kohlm. & C.L. Schoch, Stud. Mycol. 64: 161 (2009).
≡ Massarina thalassiae Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., Can.
J. Bot. 65: 575 (1987).
Halomassarina is another marine genus which morphologically
fits Massarina sensu lato, and is typified by H.
thalassiae, which is characterized by subglobose to pyriform,
immersed or erumpent, ostiolate, periphysate, papillate
or epapillate, coriaceous ascomata, simple, rarely anastomosing
pseudoparaphyses, 8-spored, cylindrical to clavate,
pedunculate, thick-walled, fissitunicate asci, and ellipsoidal,
(1-)3-septate, hyaline ascospores. Based on a multigene
phylogenetic analysis, Halomassarina thalassiae clustered
together with Trematosphaeria pertusa and another marine
fungus Falciformispora lignatilis, and they are all assigned
to Trematosphaeriaceae (Suetrong et al. data unpublished).
Hypsostroma Huhndorf, Mycologia 84: 750 (1992).
Type species: Hypsostroma saxicola Huhndorf, Mycologia
84: 750 (1992).
Hypsostroma was introduced as a tropical woodinhabiting
genus by Huhndorf (1992). Hypsostroma has
several striking characters including the large superficial
ascomata which form on a subiculum, pseudoparenchymatous
peridial cells, trabeculate pseudoparaphyses, clavate
asci with long pedicels and a conspicuous apical apparatus,
and ascospores that separate into partspores with a germ slit
in each partspore (Huhndorf 1992). Phylogenetic study
indicated that Hypsostroma should be a new genus and the
Hypsostromataceae was reinstated to accommodate Hypsostroma
(Mugambi and Huhndorf 2009b; Plate 1).
Julella Fabre, Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 6 9: 113 (1879) [1878].
Type species: Julella buxi Fabre, Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., sér.
6 9: 113 (1879) [1878].
Julella has been assigned to Thelenellaceae, a family of
Ostropomycetidae (Lumbsch and Huhndorf 2007), and
Arthopyreniaceae (= Xanthopyreniaceae sensu O. Eriksson,
Pleosporales) (Barr 1985). Julella is characterized by its
immersed, medium-sized ascomata with pseudoparenchymatous
peridial cells, cellular pseudoparaphyses, and
hyaline and muriform ascospores (Barr 1985). With the
exception of hyaline ascospores, these characters are typical
of Montagnulaceae. The taxonomic affinity of the generic