Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

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Fungal Diversity spored (sometimes 4-spored), bitunicate, fissitunicate dehiscence not observed, cylindro-clavate to clavate, with a short truncated pedicel up to 30 μm, with a small ocular chamber (ca. 3μm wide×3 μm high) (Fig. 7e and f). Ascospores 50– 58×(14-)18–21 μm (x ¼ 55:3 18:2mm, n=10), obliquely uniseriate and partially overlappingtobiseriate,fusoidto fusoid-ellipsoidal, with narrowly rounded ends, lightly brown when mature, 1-septate, some becoming 3-septate when old, constricted at the median septum, the upper cell often broader and longer than the lower one, minutely verrucose (Fig. 7g, h, i and j). Anamorph: Scolicosporium macrosporium (Berk.) B. Sutton. Acervuli immersed in bark, brown, discrete, up to 250 μm diam., opening by irregular rupture of the overlaying tissues. Peridium of thin-walled angular cells. Conidiophores cylindrical, 1-2-septate, up to 30 μm long and 3–5 μm wide. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, 1-2- annellate, cylindrical, hyaline. Conidia 100–190×12– 15 μm, fusoid, pale brown with paler or hyaline ends, 7– 17 transverse septate, smooth-walled, with a tapered apex and truncate base (adapted from Sivanesan 1984). Material examined: CZECH REPUBLIC, Mährisch- Welвkirchen (Hranice), Wsetin (Vsetin), Berg Čap., on Fagus sylvatica L., Aug. 1938, F. Petrak (L, 1004). Notes Morphology In this study we were unable to obtain the holotype, so we used a collection of Petrak’s. The main morphological characters of Asteromassaria are the medium- to large-sized, globose to depressed ascomata opening with a pore, clavate to oblong asci, narrowly cellular pseudoparaphyses, pale to dark brown, bipolar symmetric, mostly fusoid, distoseptate or euseptate ascospores (Barr 1993a). The bipolar symmetric ascospores of Asteromassaria can readily be distinguished from other genera of this family (Barr 1993a; Tanaka et al. 2005). Currently, it comprises 12 species (Tanaka et al. 2005; http://www.mycobank.org, 28-02-2009). Phylogenetic study Asteromassaria pulchra (Harkn.) Shoemaker & P.M. LeClair is basal to Morosphaeriaceae in the phylogenetic tree based on four genes, but its placement is influenced by taxon sampling that was different in several analyses. Concluding remarks Asteromassaria can be distinguished from other comparable genera, i.e. Pleomassaria and Splanchnonema by 1- septate and pale brown ascospores, thick-walled textura angularis peridium and Scolicosporium anamorphic stage (see under Pleomassaria). Astrosphaeriella Syd. & P. Syd., Annls mycol. 11: 260 (1913). (?Melanommataceae) Generic description Habitat terrestrial, saprobic. Ascomata densely scattered or in small groups, erumpent through the outer layers of the host tissues to nearly superficial, reflexed pieces of the ruptured host tissue usually persisting around the base of the ascomata, often star-like, conical to semiglobose, with a central papilla. Peridium upper wall usually comprising a thick dark brittle pseudoparenchymatous layer, base usually flattened and thin-walled. Hamathecium of dense, filliform, trabeculate pseudoparaphyses, embedded in mucilage. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindro-clavate to narrowly fusoid. Ascospores narrowly fusoid with acute ends, hyaline, pale brown or brown, 1-3-septate. Anamorphs reported for genus: Pleurophomopsis (Hyde et al. 2011). Literature: von Arx and Müller 1975; Barr 1990a; Chen and Hsieh 2004; Hawksworth 1981; Hawksworth and Boise 1985; Hyde and Fröhlich 1998; Hyde et al. 2000; Kirk et al. 2001; Sydow and Sydow 1913; Tanaka and Harada 2005a; b; Tanaka et al. 2009. Type species Astrosphaeriella stellata Syd. & P. Syd., Annls mycol. 11: 260 (1913). (Fig. 8) Ascomata 360–570 μm high×860–1150 μm diam., densely scattered or in small groups, erumpent through the outer layers of the host tissues to nearly superficial, reflexed pieces of the ruptured host tissue usually persisting around the base of the ascomata, forming star-like flanges around the ascomata from the surface view; ascomata broadly conical, with a flattened base not easily removed from the substrate, wall black; apex with a central papilla which is black and shiny at maturity, scarcely projecting (Fig. 8a). Peridium 40– 70 μm thick, carbonaceous and crisp, 1-layered, composed of very small dark brown thick-walled pseudoparenchymatous cells, cells 2–5 μm diam., cell wall 2–6 μm thick, in places at the base composed of hyaline cells of textura prismatica, cells 5×8 μm diam. (Fig. 8b). Hamathecium of dense, very long trabeculate pseudoparaphyses,
Fungal Diversity Fig. 8 Astrosphaeriella fusispora (BISH 145726). a Ascomata forming a small group on host surface. Note the remains of the host forming flanges around the ascomata. b Section of the partial peridium. Note the black peridium and wedge of palisade cells between the lateral and basal walls. c Asci in trabeculate pseudoparaphyses. d–f Narrowly fusoid ascospores. Scale bars: a=1 mm, b= 100 μm, c=50 μm, d=15 μm, f=10 μm ends, hyaline, turning pale brown when mature, 1(−3)- septate, constricted at the median septum (Fig. 8d,e and f). Anamorph: none reported. Material examined: USA, Hawaii, Kapano Gulch, in bamboo culms, 5 Jun. 1947, leg. Kopf & Rogers, det. Miller (BISH 145726, as Astrosphaeriella fusispora Syd. & P. Syd.). Notes Morphology Astrosphaeriella has been treated as a synonym of Microthelia (von Arx and Müller 1975), but the large conical ascomata, numerous trabeculate pseudoparaphyses and 1- septate and elongated ascospores of Astrosphaeriella all disagree with those of Microthelia (Hawksworth 1981). It was assigned to Platystomaceae by Barr (1990a) in<strong>Pleosporales</strong> or Melanommataceae by Kirk et al. (2001). Following a systematic study of Astrosphaeriella, only four species were accepted, i.e. A. aosimensis I. Hino & Katum., A. stellata, A. trochus (Penz. & Sacc.) D. Hawksw. and A. venezuelensis M.E. Barr & D. Hawksw. (Hawksworth 1981), and it was defined as a tropical genus, occurring exclusively on palms or bamboo. Astrosphaeriella stellata was selected as the type of Astrosphaeriella,andA. fusispora was regarded
Page 1 and 2: Fungal Diversity DOI 10.1007/s13225
Page 3 and 4: Fungal Diversity Table 1 Major circ
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Page 7 and 8: Fungal Diversity biocontrol agent o
Page 9 and 10: Fungal Diversity substrates and man
Page 11 and 12: Fungal Diversity 2. To investigate
Page 13 and 14: Fungal Diversity Table 3 (continued
Page 21 and 22: Fungal Diversity Fig. 2 Aigialus gr
Page 23 and 24: Fungal Diversity Fig. 3 Amniculicol
Page 25 and 26: Fungal Diversity Literature: Berkel
Page 27 and 28: Fungal Diversity Ascorhombispora L.
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Page 35 and 36: Fungal Diversity Notes Morphology B
Page 37 and 38: Fungal Diversity Generic descriptio
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Page 41 and 42: Fungal Diversity Fig. 14 Bimuria no
Page 43 and 44: Fungal Diversity Fig. 15 Bricookea
Page 45 and 46: Fungal Diversity Fig. 16 Byssolophi
Page 47 and 48: Fungal Diversity Notes Morphology B
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Page 53 and 54: Fungal Diversity Fig. 21 Chaetomast
Page 57 and 58: Fungal Diversity Fig. 23 Cilioplea
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Page 63 and 64: Fungal Diversity Material examined:
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Page 73 and 74: Fungal Diversity Fig. 33 Hadrospora
Page 75 and 76: Fungal Diversity Fig. 34 Halotthia
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 38 Isthmospor
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 39 Kalmusia e
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Fungal Diversity ascospores were br
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Fungal Diversity furcate pedicel an
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Fungal Diversity Anamorph: none rep
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity Material examined:
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 46 Lewia scro
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 47 Lichenopyr
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Fungal Diversity Loculohypoxylon M.
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Fungal Diversity cells small heavil
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Fungal Diversity upper place, septa
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity (CBS 627.86) was i
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 54 Mamillisph
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 55 Massarina
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Fungal Diversity phaeria as a synon
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Fungal Diversity 5-8 μm diam., ind
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Fungal Diversity cell wall
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 60 Mixtura sa
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 61 Montagnula
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Fungal Diversity spored, bitunicate
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 64 Murispora
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Fungal Diversity Type species Neoph
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Fungal Diversity brown, 8-septate,
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 68 Ohleria mo
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 69 Ohleriella
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 70 Ophiobolus
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Fungal Diversity Type species Ostro
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity (Shoemaker and Bab
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Fungal Diversity ium thin, composed
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 76 Platysporo
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 77 1 Pleomass
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 78 Pleophragm
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Fungal Diversity papillate, ostiola
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Fungal Diversity Williams 1963; Mal
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Fungal Diversity Generic descriptio
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Fungal Diversity composed of one ce
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 84 Saccharico
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Fungal Diversity and nearly black a
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Fungal Diversity dense, long trabec
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity Anamorphs reported
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 94 Westerdyke
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 95 Wettsteini
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 96 Wilmia bra
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Fungal Diversity Current name: Astr
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Fungal Diversity spores are actuall
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 100 Sporormie
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 102 Kriegerie
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Fungal Diversity Phylogenetic study
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 104 Zeuctomor
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 105 Muroia ni
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Fungal Diversity pseudoparenchymato
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Fungal Diversity Eremodothis Arx, K
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Fungal Diversity Type species: Macr
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Fungal Diversity ascospores of Plat
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Fungal Diversity monoceras Alcorn n
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Fungal Diversity tomataceae, Melano
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Fungal Diversity Table 4 (continued
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Fungal Diversity 1987b). Based on a
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Fungal Diversity only do so under v
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Fungal Diversity Dennis RWG (1968)
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Fungal Diversity Kirk PM, Cannon PF
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Fungal Diversity Saccardo PA (1880)
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Fungal Diversity Winter G (1887) As
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Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

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