Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Fungal Diversity Concluding remarks Splanchnonema pustulatum has unique ascospores formed in immersed ascomata with thin walls, indicating that Splanchnonema sensu stricto shouldbeconfinedtoafewsimilar species. The type needs recollecting, sequencing and epitypifying in order to establish the phylogenetic relationships of this genus and to study what may be important defining characters. Also see entry under Pleomassaria. Sporormia De Not., Micromyc. Ital. Novi 5: 10 (1845). (Sporormiaceae) Generic description Habitat terrestrial, saprobic (coprophilous). Ascomata small, solitary, scattered, immersed to erumpent, globose, subglobose, wall black; apex without obvious papilla, ostiolate. Peridium thin. Hamathecium of rare, broad, septate pseudoparaphyses. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate dehiscence not observed, short cylindrical, with a short, narrowed, furcate pedicel. Ascospores fasciculate, broadly filliform, reddish brown, multi-septate, easily separating into partspores, without visible germ-slits or pores. Fig. 90 Splanchnonema pustulatum (from L, No. 910.251–352, No. 910.251–371). a Appearnce of ascomata on the host surface beneath a slightly raised area with minute ostiolar opening. b Section of the partial peridium. Note the compressed cells. c Dehiscent ascus. d Cluster of three asci joined in hymenium and pseudoparaphyses. e, f Asymmetric ascospores. Note the conspicuous sheath. Scale bars: a= 1 mm, b–d=50 μm, e, f=20 μm
Fungal Diversity Anamorphs reported for genus: none. Literature: Ahmed and Asad 1968; Ahmed and Cain 1972; Kirschstein 1944; de Notaris 1849. Type species Sporormia fimetaria De Not., Micromyc. Ital. Novi 5: 10 (1845). (Fig. 91) Ascomata 100–150 μm diam., solitary, scattered, immersed to erumpent, globose, subglobose, wall black; apex without obvious papilla, ostiolate (Fig. 91a). Peridium thin (other characters unknown). Hamathecium of rare, 2–3 μm wide, septate pseudoparaphyses. Asci 70–100×13–18 μm (x ¼ 86:4 14:9mm, n=10), 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate dehiscence not observed, shortly cylindrical, with a short, narrowed, furcate pedicel up to 20 μm long, no apical apparatus could be observed (Fig. 91b, c and d). Ascospores 50– 58×4–5 μm (x ¼ 54:7 4:8mm, n =10), fasciculate, broadly filliform, reddish brown, with 16 cells, easily separating into partspores, central cells of the ascospores shorter than broad, rectangular in vertical section, round in transverse section, 4–5×2.5–3.5 μm, without visible germ-slits or pores, apical cells usually longer than broad, 5–6.5 μm long, also without apertures (sheath is reported (Ahmed and Cain 1972), but not observed in this study) (Fig. 91e). Anamorph: none reported. Material examined: 1832, (RO, type, as Hormospora fimetaria De Not.). Notes Morphology Sporormia was formally established by de Notaris (1849), and only one species was described, i.e. S. fimetaria, which subsequently was selected as the generic type. Sporormia sensu stricto was accepted by several workers, and only includes members with a fasciculate ascospore arrangement, parallel to the ascus, and the part cells of the ascospores lacking germ-slits (Ahmed and Asad 1968; Ahmed and Cain 1972; Kirschstein 1944). Species whose ascospores are not fasciculate and have partspores with germ-slits were assigned to Sporormiopsis by Kirschstein (1944) andtoSporormiella by Ahmed and Cain (1972). Phylogenetic study The generic status of Sporormia in <strong>Pleosporales</strong> was verified based on a phylogenetic analysis of ITS-nLSU rDNA, mtSSU rDNA and ß-tubulin sequences (Kruys and Wedin 2009). Sporormia clustered together with species of Westerdykella (including Eremodothis and Pycnidiophora), but lacks clear statistical support. Thus, the relationship of Sporormia with other genera of Sporormiaceae is unclear and not resolved yet. Concluding remarks Several coprophilous taxa (e.g. Chaetopreussia and Pleophragmia as well as Sporormiella nigropurpurea) in the <strong>Pleosporales</strong> were not included in the study by Kruys and Wedin (2009). Strains of these genera need to be collected and analyzed and their relationship with Sporormia established. Trematosphaeria Fuckel, Jb. nassau. Ver. Naturk. 23–24: 161 (1870). (Trematosphaeriaceae) Generic description Habitat terrestrial or freshwater, saprobic. Ascomata subglobose, unilocular, erumpent to superficial, with papillate ostiole. Peridium thin, comprising several cell types. Hamathecium of dense, delicate, filliform, septate pseudoparaphyses. Asci bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindro-clavate, normally 8-spored. Ascospores ellipsoid-fusoid to biconic, septate, smooth to finely verruculose, brown. Anamorphs reported for genus: hyphopodia-like (Zhang et al. 2008a). Literature: von Arx and Müller 1975; Barr 1979a; Boise 1985; Clements and Shear 1931; Zhang et al. 2008a. Type species Trematosphaeria pertusa (Pers.) Fuckel, Jb. nassau. Ver. Naturk. 23–24: 161 (1870). (Fig. 92) ≡ Sphaeria pertusa Pers., Syn. meth. fung. (Göttingen) 1: 83 (1801). Ascomata 350–550 μm high×320–480 μm diam., solitary, scattered, or in groups, initially immersed, becoming erumpent, to semi-immersed, subglobose, black; apex with a short ostiole usually slightly conical and widely porate, to 100 μm high (Fig. 92a and b). Peridium 48– 55 μm wide laterally, to 80 μm at the apex, thinner at the base, 30–40 μm thick, coriaceous, 3-layered, comprising several cell types, one is of small heavily pigmented thickwalled cells of textura angularis, cells 4–8 μm diam., cell wall 1.5–3 μm thick in places with columns of textura prismatica orientated perpendicular to the ascomatal surface, apex cells smaller and walls thicker, forming thickwalled cells of textura pseudoparenchymata, and larger, paler cells of mixture of textura epidermoidea and textura angularis at the base (Fig. 92b, c and h). Hamathecium of dense, filamentous, 1.5–2.5 μm broad, septate pseudoparaphyses, embedded in mucilage, branching and anastomos-
Page 1 and 2:
Fungal Diversity DOI 10.1007/s13225
Page 3 and 4:
Fungal Diversity Table 1 Major circ
Page 5 and 6:
Fungal Diversity
Page 7 and 8:
Fungal Diversity biocontrol agent o
Page 9 and 10:
Fungal Diversity substrates and man
Page 11 and 12:
Fungal Diversity 2. To investigate
Page 13 and 14:
Fungal Diversity Table 3 (continued
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20:
Fungal Diversity
Page 21 and 22:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 2 Aigialus gr
Page 23 and 24:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 3 Amniculicol
Page 25 and 26:
Fungal Diversity Literature: Berkel
Page 27 and 28:
Fungal Diversity Ascorhombispora L.
Page 29 and 30:
Fungal Diversity
Page 31 and 32:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 8 Astrosphaer
Page 33 and 34:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 9 Asymmetrico
Page 35 and 36:
Fungal Diversity Notes Morphology B
Page 37 and 38:
Fungal Diversity Generic descriptio
Page 39 and 40:
Fungal Diversity Anamorph: none rep
Page 41 and 42:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 14 Bimuria no
Page 43 and 44:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 15 Bricookea
Page 45 and 46:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 16 Byssolophi
Page 47 and 48:
Fungal Diversity Notes Morphology B
Page 49 and 50:
Fungal Diversity the reaction of pe
Page 51 and 52:
Fungal Diversity
Page 53 and 54:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 21 Chaetomast
Page 55 and 56:
Fungal Diversity
Page 57 and 58:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 23 Cilioplea
Page 59 and 60:
Fungal Diversity with one or two ve
Page 61 and 62:
Fungal Diversity Moreau 1953; Munk
Page 63 and 64:
Fungal Diversity Material examined:
Page 65 and 66:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 28 Dothidotth
Page 67 and 68:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 29 Dubitatio
Page 69 and 70:
Fungal Diversity assigned Entodesmi
Page 71 and 72:
Fungal Diversity fusoid to somewhat
Page 73 and 74:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 33 Hadrospora
Page 75 and 76:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 34 Halotthia
Page 77 and 78:
Fungal Diversity Notes Morphology H
Page 79 and 80:
Fungal Diversity some effused Hypox
Page 81 and 82:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 38 Isthmospor
Page 83 and 84:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 39 Kalmusia e
Page 85 and 86:
Fungal Diversity ascospores were br
Page 87 and 88:
Fungal Diversity furcate pedicel an
Page 89 and 90:
Fungal Diversity Anamorph: none rep
Page 91 and 92:
Fungal Diversity
Page 93 and 94:
Fungal Diversity Material examined:
Page 95 and 96:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 46 Lewia scro
Page 97 and 98:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 47 Lichenopyr
Page 99 and 100:
Fungal Diversity Loculohypoxylon M.
Page 101 and 102:
Fungal Diversity cells small heavil
Page 103 and 104:
Fungal Diversity upper place, septa
Page 105 and 106:
Fungal Diversity
Page 107 and 108:
Fungal Diversity (CBS 627.86) was i
Page 109 and 110:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 54 Mamillisph
Page 111 and 112:
Fungal Diversity Fig. 55 Massarina
Page 113 and 114:
Fungal Diversity phaeria as a synon
Page 115 and 116:
Fungal Diversity 5-8 μm diam., ind
Page 117 and 118: Fungal Diversity cell wall
Page 119 and 120: Fungal Diversity Fig. 60 Mixtura sa
Page 121 and 122: Fungal Diversity Fig. 61 Montagnula
Page 123 and 124: Fungal Diversity spored, bitunicate
Page 125 and 126: Fungal Diversity Fig. 64 Murispora
Page 127 and 128: Fungal Diversity Type species Neoph
Page 129 and 130: Fungal Diversity brown, 8-septate,
Page 131 and 132: Fungal Diversity Fig. 68 Ohleria mo
Page 133 and 134: Fungal Diversity Fig. 69 Ohleriella
Page 135 and 136: Fungal Diversity Fig. 70 Ophiobolus
Page 137 and 138: Fungal Diversity Type species Ostro
Page 139 and 140: Fungal Diversity
Page 141 and 142: Fungal Diversity (Shoemaker and Bab
Page 143 and 144: Fungal Diversity ium thin, composed
Page 145 and 146: Fungal Diversity Fig. 76 Platysporo
Page 147 and 148: Fungal Diversity Fig. 77 1 Pleomass
Page 149 and 150: Fungal Diversity Fig. 78 Pleophragm
Page 151 and 152: Fungal Diversity papillate, ostiola
Page 153 and 154: Fungal Diversity Williams 1963; Mal
Page 155 and 156: Fungal Diversity Generic descriptio
Page 157 and 158: Fungal Diversity composed of one ce
Page 159 and 160: Fungal Diversity Fig. 84 Saccharico
Page 161 and 162: Fungal Diversity and nearly black a
Page 163 and 164: Fungal Diversity dense, long trabec
Page 167: Fungal Diversity
Page 175 and 176: Fungal Diversity Fig. 94 Westerdyke
Page 177 and 178: Fungal Diversity Fig. 95 Wettsteini
Page 179 and 180: Fungal Diversity Fig. 96 Wilmia bra
Page 181 and 182: Fungal Diversity Current name: Astr
Page 183 and 184: Fungal Diversity spores are actuall
Page 185 and 186: Fungal Diversity Fig. 100 Sporormie
Page 189 and 190: Fungal Diversity Fig. 102 Kriegerie
Page 191 and 192: Fungal Diversity Phylogenetic study
Page 193 and 194: Fungal Diversity Fig. 104 Zeuctomor
Page 195 and 196: Fungal Diversity Fig. 105 Muroia ni
Page 197 and 198: Fungal Diversity pseudoparenchymato
Page 199 and 200: Fungal Diversity Eremodothis Arx, K
Page 201 and 202: Fungal Diversity Type species: Macr
Page 203 and 204: Fungal Diversity ascospores of Plat
Page 205 and 206: Fungal Diversity monoceras Alcorn n
Page 207 and 208: Fungal Diversity tomataceae, Melano
Page 209 and 210: Fungal Diversity Table 4 (continued
Page 211 and 212: Fungal Diversity 1987b). Based on a
Page 213 and 214: Fungal Diversity only do so under v
Page 215 and 216: Fungal Diversity Dennis RWG (1968)
Page 217 and 218: Fungal Diversity Kirk PM, Cannon PF
Page 219 and 220:
Fungal Diversity Saccardo PA (1880)
Page 221:
Fungal Diversity Winter G (1887) As
show all

Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?