Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

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Fungal Diversity “globose to depressed ascomata, slit-like ostiole with labial cells, bitunicate asci, cellular pseudoparaphyses, and hyaline septate ascospores”. Bricookea was morphologically assigned to Phaeosphaeriaceae. Holm(1957) checked the authentic collections from North America and type material from Europe, and observed that the ascospores of collections from North America were significantly larger than those from the type material from Sweden. Thus, Shoemaker and Babcock (1989a) considered that the collections from North America represented a new species, which they introduced as B. barrae Shoemaker & C.E. Babc. Although the short slit-like ostiole has previously been reported (Shoemaker and Babcock 1989a), it is inconspicuous in the type specimen from Sweden. Currently, only two species are accommodated in this genus. Phylogenetic study None. Concluding remarks The knob-shaped pedicel, slit-like ostiole, hyaline ascospores as well as the herbaceous substrate all disagree with any current pleosporalean family. Thus, we temporarily retain this genus under Phaeosphaeriaceae until DNA sequence comparisons can be carried out. Byssolophis Clem., in Clements & Shear, Gen. fung., Edn 2 (Minneapolis): 286 (1931). (<strong>Pleosporales</strong>, genera incertae sedis) Generic description Habitat terrestrial, saprobic. Ascomata medium-sized, gregarious, semi-immersed to erumpent, coriaceous, ovoid, with a conspicuous elongate slit-like ostiole on the top. Peridium not observed. Hamathecium of dense, long pseudoparaphyses, anastomosing and branching between and above the asci. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical or cylindroclavate, with a furcate pedicel. Ascospores fusoid, hyaline, turning faintly brown when old, 1-septate, with a short terminal appendage at each end. Anamorphs reported for genus: none. Literature: Clements and Shear 1931; Holm 1986; Müller and von Arx 1962. Type species Byssolophis byssiseda (Flageolet & Chenant.) Clem., Gen. Fung. (Minneapolis): 286 (1931). (Fig. 16) ≡ Schizostoma byssisedum Flageolet & Chenant., in Chenantaise, Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr. 35: 125 (1919). Ascomata 300–450 μm high×600–750 μm long× 350–420 μm broad, gregarious, semi-immersed to erumpent, coriaceous, ovoid with a flattened base and apex with a elongate slit-like ostiole, up to 700 μm long and 200 μm wide (Fig. 16a). Peridium not observed. Hamathecium of dense, long pseudoparaphyses, up to 1.5–2.5 μm broad, anastomosing and branching between and above the asci (Fig. 16b). Asci 80–105×(5-)7.5–10 μm (x ¼ 91 8mm; n=10), 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical or cylindro-clavate, with a furcate pedicel and a small ocular chamber (J-) (Fig. 16d). Ascospores 18–20 (−28)×4.5–6(−7.5) μm (x ¼ 20:8 5:7mm, n=10), uniseriate to biseriate, fusoid, hyaline, turning faintly brown when old, 1-septate, with 1–2 distinct oil drops in each cell and usually with a short terminal appendage at each end (Fig. 16c). Anamorph: none reported. Material examined: on decaying wood (K(M):164030, isotype). Notes Morphology Byssolophis was introduced as a monotypic genus based on B. byssiseda, which is characterized by its semiimmersed, gregarious, ovoid ascomata, with a conspicuous central apical ostiolar slit (Holm 1986). Subsequently, two more species were introduced, viz. B. ampla (Berk. & Broome) L. Holm and B. sphaerioides (P. Karst.) E. Müll. (Holm 1986; Müller and von Arx 1962). Phylogenetic study The current phylogeny places Byssolophis sphaerioides in proximity of Hypsostromataceae without resolving any sister taxa (Plate 1). Concluding remarks The slit-like ostiole, cylindrical asci, hyaline and 1- septate ascospores as well as the form of pseudoparaphyses are similar to species in Lophiostoma. Thus, Byssolophis may be a synonym of Lophiostoma. Byssosphaeria Cooke, Grevillea 7: 84 (1879). (Melanommataceae) Generic description Habitat terrestrial, saprobic. Ascomata medium-sized, scattered to gregarious, superficial, globose, subglobose to turbinate, non papillate with white, orange, red or green ostiolar region, wall black. Hamathecium of dense, long trabeculate pseudoparaphyses, embedded in mucilage, anastomosing between and above the asci. Asci bitunicate, fissitunicate, clavate to nearly cylindrical, with a furcate pedicel. Ascospores fusoid with narrow
Fungal Diversity Fig. 16 Byssolophis byssiseda (from K(M):164030, isotype). a Ascomata gregarious on the host surface. b Numerous pseudoparaphyses. c Fusoid ascospores with or without terminal appendages. d Clavate ascus with a short furcate pedicel. Scale bars: a=1 mm, b–d=10 μm ends, straight or slightly curved, brown, 1-septate when young. Anamorphs reported for genus: Pyrenochaeta or Chaetophoma-like (Barr 1984; Hawksworth et al. 1995; Samuels and Müller 1978). Literature: von Arx and Müller 1975; Barr 1984; Boise 1984; Bose 1961; Chen and Hsieh 2004; Cooke and Plowright 1879; Hyde et al. 2000; Luttrell 1973; Mugambi and Huhndorf 2009b; Müller and von Arx 1962; Samuels and Müller 1978. Type species Byssosphaeria keitii (Berk. & Broome) Cooke [as ‘Byssosphaeria keithii’], (1879). (Fig. 17) ≡ Sphaeria keitii Berk. & Broome [as ‘Sphaeria keithii’], Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., IV 17: 144 (1876). Ascomata 360–500(−600) μm high×420–640 μm diam., scattered or in small groups, superficial with basal subiculum anchoring on the substrate, globose, subglobose to turbinate, non-papillate with pore-like
Page 1 and 2: Fungal Diversity DOI 10.1007/s13225
Page 3 and 4: Fungal Diversity Table 1 Major circ
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Page 7 and 8: Fungal Diversity biocontrol agent o
Page 9 and 10: Fungal Diversity substrates and man
Page 11 and 12: Fungal Diversity 2. To investigate
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Page 21 and 22: Fungal Diversity Fig. 2 Aigialus gr
Page 23 and 24: Fungal Diversity Fig. 3 Amniculicol
Page 25 and 26: Fungal Diversity Literature: Berkel
Page 27 and 28: Fungal Diversity Ascorhombispora L.
Page 31 and 32: Fungal Diversity Fig. 8 Astrosphaer
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Page 35 and 36: Fungal Diversity Notes Morphology B
Page 37 and 38: Fungal Diversity Generic descriptio
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Page 41 and 42: Fungal Diversity Fig. 14 Bimuria no
Page 43: Fungal Diversity Fig. 15 Bricookea
Page 47 and 48: Fungal Diversity Notes Morphology B
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Page 53 and 54: Fungal Diversity Fig. 21 Chaetomast
Page 57 and 58: Fungal Diversity Fig. 23 Cilioplea
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Page 69 and 70: Fungal Diversity assigned Entodesmi
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Page 73 and 74: Fungal Diversity Fig. 33 Hadrospora
Page 75 and 76: Fungal Diversity Fig. 34 Halotthia
Page 77 and 78: Fungal Diversity Notes Morphology H
Page 79 and 80: Fungal Diversity some effused Hypox
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 46 Lewia scro
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 47 Lichenopyr
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Fungal Diversity Loculohypoxylon M.
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Fungal Diversity cells small heavil
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Fungal Diversity upper place, septa
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity (CBS 627.86) was i
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 54 Mamillisph
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 55 Massarina
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Fungal Diversity phaeria as a synon
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Fungal Diversity 5-8 μm diam., ind
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Fungal Diversity cell wall
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 60 Mixtura sa
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 61 Montagnula
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Fungal Diversity spored, bitunicate
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 64 Murispora
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Fungal Diversity Type species Neoph
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Fungal Diversity brown, 8-septate,
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 68 Ohleria mo
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 69 Ohleriella
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 70 Ophiobolus
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Fungal Diversity Type species Ostro
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity (Shoemaker and Bab
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Fungal Diversity ium thin, composed
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 76 Platysporo
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 77 1 Pleomass
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 78 Pleophragm
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Fungal Diversity papillate, ostiola
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Fungal Diversity Williams 1963; Mal
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Fungal Diversity Generic descriptio
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Fungal Diversity composed of one ce
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 84 Saccharico
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Fungal Diversity and nearly black a
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Fungal Diversity dense, long trabec
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity Anamorphs reported
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 94 Westerdyke
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 95 Wettsteini
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 96 Wilmia bra
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Fungal Diversity Current name: Astr
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Fungal Diversity spores are actuall
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 100 Sporormie
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Fungal Diversity
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 102 Kriegerie
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Fungal Diversity Phylogenetic study
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 104 Zeuctomor
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Fungal Diversity Fig. 105 Muroia ni
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Fungal Diversity pseudoparenchymato
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Fungal Diversity Eremodothis Arx, K
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Fungal Diversity Type species: Macr
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Fungal Diversity ascospores of Plat
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Fungal Diversity monoceras Alcorn n
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Fungal Diversity tomataceae, Melano
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Fungal Diversity Table 4 (continued
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Fungal Diversity 1987b). Based on a
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Fungal Diversity only do so under v
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Fungal Diversity Dennis RWG (1968)
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Fungal Diversity Kirk PM, Cannon PF
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Fungal Diversity Saccardo PA (1880)
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Fungal Diversity Winter G (1887) As
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Pleosporales - CBS - KNAW

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