Hockenbury Discovering Psychology 5th txtbk

54 Focus on NeuroscienceIs “Runner’s High” an EndorphinRush?63 Science versus PseudosciencePhrenology: The Bumpy Road toScientific Progress64 Focus on NeuroscienceJuggling and Brain Plasticity75 Critical Thinking“His” and “Her” Brains?78 Science versus PseudoscienceBrain Myths81 Enhancing Well-Being withPsychologyMaximizing Your Brain’s Potential91 Science versus PseudoscienceSubliminal Perception99 Focus on NeuroscienceVision, Experience, and the Brain107 In FocusDo Pheromones Influence HumanBehavior?114 Culture and Human BehaviorWays of Seeing116 Critical ThinkingESP: Can Perception OccurWithout Sensation?127 Culture and Human BehaviorCulture and the Müller-LyerIllusion: The Carpentered-WorldHypothesis129 Enhancing Well-Being withPsychologyStrategies to Control PainCHAPTER 2Neuroscience and Behavior43 PROLOGUE: Asha’s Story44 Introduction: Neuroscience and Behavior45 The Neuron: The Basic Unit of CommunicationCharacteristics of the Neuron 46 ■ CommunicationWithin the Neuron: The All-or-None Action Potential47 ■ Communication Between Neurons: Bridging the Gap49 ■ Neurotransmitters and Their Effects 51 ■ How DrugsAffect Synaptic Transmission 5455 The Nervous System and the Endocrine System:Communication Throughout the BodyThe Central Nervous System 56 ■ The Peripheral NervousSystem 57 ■ The Endocrine System 5961 A Guided Tour of the BrainThe Dynamic Brain: Plasticity and Neurogenesis62 ■ Neurogenesis 62 ■ The Brainstem: Hindbrainand Midbrain Structures 66 ■ The Forebrain 6872 Specialization in the Cerebral HemispheresLanguage and the Left Hemisphere: The Early Work of Brocaand Wernicke 73 ■ Cutting the Corpus Callosum: The SplitBrain 7679 Closing Thoughts: Neuroscience and Behavior83 Chapter ReviewKey People and Terms 83CHAPTER 3Sensation and Perception87 PROLOGUE: Learning to See88 Introduction: What Are Sensation and Perception?Basic Principles of Sensation 8992 Vision: From Light to SightWhat We See: The Nature of Light 93 ■ How We See: TheHuman Visual System 94 ■ Processing Visual Information96 ■ Color Vision 98101 Hearing: From Vibration to SoundWhat We Hear: The Nature of Sound 102 ■ How We Hear:The Path of Sound 102105 The Chemical and Body Senses: Smell,Taste, Touch, and PositionHow We Smell (Don’t Answer That!) 106 ■ Taste108 ■ The Skin and Body Senses 109ix