Hockenbury Discovering Psychology 5th txtbk

410 CHAPTER 9 Lifespan Development©Lynn Johnston Productions, Inc.Distributed by United Press Syndicate, Inc.authoritarian parenting styleParenting style in which parents aredemanding and unresponsive toward theirchildren’s needs or wishes.permissive parenting styleParenting style in which parents areextremely tolerant and not demanding;permissive-indulgent parents are moreresponsive to their children, whereaspermissive-indifferent parents are not.authoritative parenting styleParenting style in which parents set clearstandards for their children’s behavior butare also responsive to their children’s needsand wishes.inductionA discipline technique that combinesparental control with explaining why abehavior is prohibited.First, they deny that death is imminent, perhaps insisting that their doctors arewrong or denying the seriousness of their illness. Second, they feel and expressanger that they are dying. Third, they bargain—they try to “make a deal” with doctors,relatives, or God, promising to behave in a certain way if only they may beallowed to live. Fourth, they become depressed. Finally, they accept their fate.Although Kübler-Ross’s research did much to sensitize the public and the medicalcommunity to the emotional experience of dying, it now seems clear that dyingindividuals do not necessarily progress through the predictable sequence of stagesthat she described (Kastenbaum, 2000). Dying is as individual a process as living.People cope with the prospect of dying much as they have coped with other stressesin their lives.Faced with impending death, some older adults react with passive resignation,others with bitterness and anger. Some people plunge into activity and focus theirattention on external matters, such as making funeral arrangements, disposing oftheir property, or arranging for the care of other family members. And others turninward, searching for the meaning of their life’s story as the close of the final chapterdraws near (Kastenbaum, 2000).But even in dying, our life story doesn’t just end. Each of us leaves behind alegacy of memories in the minds of those who survive us. As we live each day, weare building this legacy, through our words, our actions, and the choices we make.Each of us began life being completely dependent on others for our survival.Over the course of our lifespan, others come to depend on us. It is those peoplewhose lives we have touched in some way, whether for good or for ill, who will rememberus. In this sense, the final chapter of our lives will be written not by us, butby those whose life stories have intersected with our own.>> Closing ThoughtsTraditionally, development in childhood has received the most attention fromdevelopmental psychologists. Yet, as we have emphasized throughout this chapter,development is a lifelong process.Throughout this chapter, you’ve seen that every life is a unique combination ofuniversal and individualized patterns of development. Although some aspects ofdevelopment unfold in a predictable fashion, every life story, including yours, isinfluenced by unexpected events and plot twists. Despite predictable changes, thewonderful thing about the developmental process is that you never really knowwhat the next chapter of your life story may hold.