Hockenbury Discovering Psychology 5th txtbk

Chapter Review6177. Your therapist is not a substitute friend.Unlike friendship, which is characterized by a mutual give-andtake, psychotherapy is focused solely on you. Rather than thinkingof your therapist as a friend, think of him or her as an expert consultant—someoneyou’ve hired to help you deal better with yourproblems. The fact that your therapist is not socially or personallyinvolved with you allows him or her to respond objectively andhonestly. Part of what allows you to trust your therapist and “openup” emotionally is the knowledge that your therapist is ethicallyand legally bound to safeguard the confidentiality of what you say.8. Therapeutic intimacy does not include sexual intimacy.It’s very common for clients to have strong feelings of affection,love, and even sexual attraction toward their therapists (Pope &Tabachnick, 1993). After all, the most effective therapists tend tobe warm, empathic people who are genuinely caring and supportive(Beutler & others, 2004). However, it is never ethical orappropriate for a therapist to have any form of sexual contactwith a client. There are no exceptions to that statement. Sexualcontact between a therapist and a client violates the ethical standardsof all mental health professionals.How often does sexual contact occur? About 7 percent of maleand 2 percent of female therapists admit that they have had sexualcontact with clients (Davis & others, 1995; Williams, 1992).Sexual involvement between client and therapist can beenormously damaging (Norris & others, 2003; Pope, 1990).Not only does it destroy the therapist’s professional objectivity,but it also destroys the trust the client has invested in the therapist.When a therapist becomes sexually involved with aclient, regardless of who initiated the sexual contact, the clientis being exploited.Rather than exploiting a client’s feelings of sexual attraction,an ethical therapist will help the client understand and workthrough such feelings. Therapy should ultimately help you developcloser, more loving relationships with other people—butnot with your therapist.9. Don’t expect change to happen overnight.Change occurs in psychotherapy at different rates for differentpeople. How quickly change occurs depends on many factors,such as the seriousness of your problems, the degree to whichyou are psychologically ready to make needed changes, and thetherapist’s skill in helping you implement those changes. As ageneral rule, most people make significant progress in a fewmonths of weekly therapy sessions (McNeilly & Howard, 1991).You can help create the climate for change by choosing a therapistyou feel comfortable working with and by genuinely investingyourself in the therapy process.CHAPTER REVIEW: KEY PEOPLE AND TERMSAaron T. Beck, p. 595Albert Ellis, p. 593Sigmund Freud, p. 582Mary Cover Jones, p. 588Carl Rogers, p. 585psychotherapy, p. 580biomedical therapies, p. 580psychoanalysis, p. 582free association, p. 582resistance, p. 583dream interpretation, p. 583interpretation, p. 583transference, p. 583short-term dynamic therapies,p. 584interpersonal therapy (IPT),p. 584client-centered therapy,p. 585behavior therapy, p. 588counterconditioning, p. 589systematic desensitization,p. 589aversive conditioning, p. 590token economy, p. 592cognitive therapies, p. 593rational-emotive therapy(RET), p. 593cognitive therapy (CT),p. 595cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT), p. 597group therapy, p. 598family therapy, p. 600eye movement desensitizationreprocessing (EMDR),p. 604exposure therapy, p. 604eclecticism, p. 604psychotropic medications,p. 607antipsychotic medications,p. 607atypical antipsychoticmedications, p. 609antianxiety medications,p. 610lithium, p. 611antidepressant medications,p. 611selective serotonin reuptakeinhibitors (SSRIs), p. 612electroconvulsive therapy(ECT), p. 614➞ Web Companion Review ActivitiesYou can find additional review activities atwww.worthpublishers.com/discoveringpsych5e. TheDiscovering Psychology 5th edition Web Companion hasself-scoring practice quizzes, flashcards, interactive crosswordpuzzles, and other activities to help you master the material inthis chapter.