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Aj keď sa predpokladajú vzťahy medzi <strong>do</strong>pamínergickou inerváciou a poruchami psychiky (drogové<br />
závislosti, schizofrénia), dôkazy o tom zatiaľ chýbajú. Facilitácii uvoľňovania de novo<br />
syntetizovaného <strong>do</strong>pamínu v nervových zakončeniach predného mozgu sa pripisujú centrálne<br />
účinky amfetamínu. Účinky niţších dávok amfetamínu závisia od mezolimbických <strong>do</strong>pamínergických<br />
neurónov, kým stereotypné správanie po vyšších dávkach amfetamínu od nigro-striátových<br />
<strong>do</strong>pamínergických neurónov.<br />
Dopamínergické mechanizmy v corpus striatum majú významnú úlohu aj pri pôsobení neuroleptík.<br />
Dopamínové receptory blokuje väčšina derivátov fenotiazínov a butyrofenónov, čo má za násle<strong>do</strong>k<br />
funkčný ne<strong>do</strong>statok DA a vznik tzv. parkinsonoidu. Predpokladá sa priama interakcia neuroleptík s<br />
receptormi DA, a to aj priamo v adenohypofýze.<br />
Inými inhibítormi <strong>do</strong>pamínergických neurónov sú narkotické analgetiká (morfín, en<strong>do</strong>rfíny)<br />
a halucinogény.<br />
<strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><br />
Niektoré látky vyuţívané pri štúdiu receptorov <strong>do</strong>pamínu<br />
<strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><br />
Typ látky Receptor D 1 Receptor D 2<br />
<strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><br />
Agonisty SKF 38391 Morfín<br />
Chinpyrol<br />
Antagonisty Deriváty benzamidu Deriváty benzazepínu a naftoxozínu<br />
(SCH 23390) Neuroleptiká<br />
<strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><br />
Agonisty <strong>do</strong>pamínových receptorov<br />
<strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><br />
Bromokryptín Lisurid<br />
Dopexamín Naxagolid<br />
Fenol<strong>do</strong>pam Pergolid<br />
Ibopamín<br />
<strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><br />
Antagonisty <strong>do</strong>pamínových receptorov<br />
Amisulpirid Metoklopramid<br />
Domperidón Sulpirid<br />
Kleboprid<br />
<strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><strong>–</strong><br />
Dopamin Giulini ® inj. (Giulini Pharma) <strong>–</strong> Dopamini hydrochloridum 50 mg v 1 amp. 5 ml.<br />
Sympatikomimetikum; →<strong>do</strong>pamín.<br />
Dopamin-Nattermann ® inj. pro inf.(Nattermann) <strong>–</strong> Dopamini hydrochloridum, 50 mg v 1 amp. 10 ml;<br />
vazopresorikum, inotropikum, v nízkych dávkach -sympatikomimetikum, vo vysokých dávkach -<br />
sympatikomimetikum; →<strong>do</strong>pamín.<br />
<strong>do</strong>pamínový transportér <strong>–</strong> glykoproteín s M r 65 000 aţ 80 000 (M r závisí od stupňa glykácie)<br />
lokalizovaný v presynaptických membránach <strong>do</strong>pamínergických neurónov, kt. je schopný spätne<br />
transportovať →<strong>do</strong>pamín (DA) uvoľnený <strong>do</strong> synaptickej štrbiny, a to na účet energie<br />
elektrochemického gradientu sodíka. Štruktúrne je príbuzný s veľkou rodinou transportérov<br />
neuromediátorov. Jeho aktivitu inhibujú deriváty fenylpiperazínu a kokaín. Tieto látky zvyšujú<br />
extracelulárne koncentrácie DA a u zvierat vyvolávajú behaviorálne zmeny charakteristické pre<br />
zvýšenú aktivitu →<strong>do</strong>pamínergického systému. Trvalý vzostup DA v synaptickej štrbine vyvoláva<br />
zníţenú tvorbu receptorov (<strong>do</strong>wn regulation), pri poklese DA tvorba receptoprov sa zvyšuje (up<br />
regulation).<br />
<strong>do</strong>pan <strong>–</strong> NSC-23436, 5-[bis(2-chlóretyl)amino]-6-metyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidíndión, Elberfield pyrimidine<br />
mustard, C 9 H 13 Cl 2 N 3 O 2 , M r 266,12. Cytostatikum. pripravené r. 1955.
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