Theologos 2/2012 - Prešovská univerzita v Prešove
Theologos 2/2012 - Prešovská univerzita v Prešove
Theologos 2/2012 - Prešovská univerzita v Prešove
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THEOLOGOS 2/<strong>2012</strong> | ŠTÚDIE<br />
Filozofia Edmunda Husserla<br />
a fenomenológia náboženstva<br />
RADOVAN ŠOLTÉS<br />
Prešovská <strong>univerzita</strong> v Prešove, Gréckokatolícka teologická fakulta, Prešov<br />
Abstract: The phenomenology of religion in the direction in<br />
religion studies, which has been shaped up around the mid-20 century.<br />
Ideologically it is based on the philosophical phenomenology, founded by<br />
Edmund Husserl. The basic principle of phenomenology of religion is to<br />
uncover the essence of religious phenomena. It’s not only the collecting and<br />
describing the various phenomena, but the revelation of eidos (essence) of<br />
religious objects and religious acts. Based on the phenomenological method<br />
it will concern a capturing of the phenomenon of religion by attempting to<br />
reduce those aspects that do not belong directly to the phenomenon. Critics,<br />
however, accents that problem of this approach is that despite of the effort<br />
for open-minded approach, it could slide into subjectivism, which concerns<br />
e. g. the maximization of ability to look down on the base of pre-defined<br />
idea of “religion”, or “sacred” or theological approach that goes beyond the<br />
exact perspective.<br />
Key words: Phenomenology. Phenomenology of religion. Husserl.<br />
Religion studies. Religion.<br />
Edmund Husserl (1859 – 1938) bol zakladateľom významného filozofického<br />
smeru – fenomenológie. Názov je odvodený z gréckeho „fainetai“<br />
(ukazuje sa, javí sa). Husserlov myšlienkový postoj významne ovplyvnil<br />
existencializmus a podnietil nové smery v psychológii, sociológii, estetike<br />
a filozofii náboženstva. V našom príspevku sa pokúsime načrtnúť vzťah<br />
medzi fenomenologickou metódou a jej aplikáciou v religionistickom prístupe<br />
pri popisovaní a vysvetľovaní náboženstva. Vplyv filozofickej fenomenológie<br />
tak prispel k sformovaniu fenomenológie náboženstva, ktorá<br />
ovplyvňovala religionistiku predovšetkým v polovici 20. storočia.<br />
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