National Disaster Response Plan (NDRP) March 2010 - NDMA

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7 PART- II DISASTER RISKS IN PAKISTAN 1. General. Pakistan is exposed to different types of hazards. Northern Pakistan and AJ&K are vulnerable to earthquakes, avalanches, GLOFs, landslides, floods, and drought, etc. The arid, semi-arid and plain areas are exposed to floods, flash floods, drought, pest attacks, and river erosion, etc. The coastal areas of Pakistan are exposed to cyclones, storm surges, and hydrological drought, while some parts of the coastal area in Sindh receive river floods as well. Most of the country‟s big cities are vulnerable to floods due to heavy rains. Fires and earthquakes are looming threats. These hazards pose serious dangers, judged by the fact that 6,073 people were killed and 8,989,631 affected in the period between 1993 and 2002 (World Disaster Report 2003, IFRC Geneva).This figure was outnumbered when a 7.6 Richter scale earthquake struck in 2005, killing more than 73,000 people and seriously affecting over 3.5 million in northern Pakistan. In addition, manmade disasters traumatize society, economy, and environment. These include industrial accidents, urban fires, oil spills, nuclear and radiological mishaps and civil and communal conflicts. 2. In the context of Pakistan, floods, cyclones, drought and transport accidents and incidents of terrorism are priority hazards in terms of frequency and their impact upon human lives, livelihoods, and infrastructure. Climate change leads to an increase in the frequency and intensity of hydro- meteorological hazards while earthquakes have a comparatively longer cycle, yet they have a huge impact on human lives, infrastructure, housing, livelihoods, etc. Therefore, earthquakes are considered one of the most lethal hazards. 3. Vulnerability describes the economic, social and environmental/physical conditions that make a community susceptible to a hazard event resulting in potential disasters. Generally, vulnerability can be related to factors such as poverty, gender, weak governance, under developed institutions, poor access to services, the absence/erosion of risk transfer mechanisms and social safety nets, environmental degradation, rapid urbanization, illiteracy and low levels of education. Vulnerability in Pakistan (as in other countries) is a complex and contextual phenomenon that has to be looked at specifically, i.e., in relation to concrete hazards and geographical/climatic conditions, for example, specific to mountains, plain areas, and coastal belts 4 . It has been covered subsequently at length. 4. Hazards a. Earthquakes. Pakistan lies on a seismic belt and is therefore prone to earthquakes 4 UN DRM Framework of small magnitude and larger earthquakes occasionally (Fig-2). The mountain ranges of the Hindu Kush, Karakoram, Suleman, Northern Areas, Chitral District in NWFP, AJK, and in Balochistan, Zhob, Quetta, Khuzdar, Dalbadin, and Makran Coast, including Gwadar and Pasni, are located in high-risk areas. In addition, the cities of Karachi, Islamabad and Peshawar are located on the edge of high-risk areas. Four
8 major earthquakes have hit areas comprising Pakistan i.e Quetta in 1935, Makran Region in 1945, Gilgit-Baltistan in 1976 and unprecedented earthquake jolting AJ&K/ NWFP & some part of ICT in October 2005. The following districts are vulnerable to earthquakes 5 :- District Province (1) Gwadar, Mastung, Quetta and Ziarat Balochistan (2) Abbottabad, Battagram, Chitral, Mansehra, Peshawar, Shangla and Swat NWFP (3) Karachi Sindh (4) Rawalpindi Punjab (5) Bagh, Neelum and Muzaffarabad AJ & K (6) Astore Gilgit-Baltistan (7) Islamabad ICT 6. Geographical Exposure Earthquakes/seismic National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) Fig-2 Disaster Risks in Pakistan b. Floods. Pakistan is highly exposed to floods, which occur on a regular basis in the country. The floods occur as a consequence of the summer weather system, which develops in the Bay of Bengal during the monsoon months of July–September. Depressions originate from the Bay of Bengal and passing over lower central India, enter Pakistan and then move south - north toward Kashmir. The mountains in the extreme north of Pakistan provide a perennial source of inflow to the rivers and deliver significant 5 Earthquake 8/10 Learning from Pakistan‟s Experience, NDMA (destruction statement already explained in earlier discussions)
Page 1 and 2: National Disaster Response Plan (ND
Page 3 and 4: ii MESSAGE BY THE PRIME MINISTER Di
Page 5 and 6: iv Table of Contents Detail Page In
Page 7 and 8: IOM International Organization for
Page 9 and 10: 2 organizations in Northern Areas,
Page 12 and 13: 5 PART- I PROFILE OF PAKISTAN 1. Ge
Page 16 and 17: 9 precipitation along the lower Him
Page 18 and 19: 11 d. Tropical Cyclones. Cyclones h
Page 20 and 21: 13 District Province (1) Swat, Chit
Page 22 and 23: 15 communities to mitigate, respond
Page 24 and 25: 17 disasters in future. The earthqu
Page 26 and 27: 19 vi. Coordinate response in the e
Page 28 and 29: 21 bb. Facilitate community trainin
Page 30 and 31: 23 d. Fire Fighting Services. The m
Page 32 and 33: 25 concerning early warnings, evacu
Page 34 and 35: 27 including Federal Flood Commissi
Page 36 and 37: 29 Actions Responsibility (1) Activ
Page 38 and 39: 31 (e) Provide necessary technical
Page 40 and 41: 33 (n) Ensure that minimum standard
Page 42 and 43: 35 (m) Coordinate and facilitate wi
Page 44 and 45: 37 PART- V DISASTER RESPONSE FUNCTI
Page 46 and 47: 39 v. Supply food, drinking water,
Page 48 and 49: 41 b. Provincial Emergency Operatio
Page 50 and 51: (3) Activation Procedure 43 (a) On
Page 52 and 53: 45 media etc. The DEOC will also le
Page 54 and 55: 47 v. Put everything ready and func
Page 56 and 57: 49 depending upon the warning avail
Page 58 and 59: 51 persons and organizations involv
Page 60 and 61: 53 (f) Representatives from Civil S
Page 62 and 63: 55 iv. First Aid Equipment. All bas
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57 (7) Identify existing risk to he
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59 special food requirement for the
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61 (p) Monitoring gives you feedbac
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63 board etc) shall be developed so
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65 (6) Take preventive measures for
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67 (5) Camps should be designed in
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69 (3) Coverage. In the initial pha
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71 (1) Important Factors to be cons
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73 i. Population understands the mo
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75 telephone because it is reliable
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77 (c) Carryout resource mapping of
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1. Director NEOC (Director Operatio
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81 (5) Strong leadership, superviso
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83 (7) Replying to queries of Direc
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5. Public Information Officer a. Re
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87 propose a way forward in terms o
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89 (7) Establish the radio communic
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1. Chief Coordinator PEOC a. Grade.
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g. Personal Specifications 93 (1) S
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95 f. Security Management and Syste
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g. Person Specifications 97 (1) Mas
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1. Coordinator DEOC a. Grade 18 99
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101 (22) Support and oversee media
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103 (21) Adapt logistics activities
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105 Annex D To National Disaster Re
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107 (10) Prepare a inventory of equ
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109 (13) Prepare an inventory of eq
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111 (3) Prepare internally displace
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113 (10) Work with NDMA to have a r
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12. Ministry of Water and Power a.
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117 (5) Coordinate with NDMA on iss
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119 (3) Assist DDMA in assessment o
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121 (5) Coordinate and facilitate w
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123 (7) Check and test fire system
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125 (2) Organize/conduct joint asse
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127 Annex E To National Disaster Re
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129 (5) Compile an inventory of hos
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131 (3) Support PDMA, DDMAs, distri
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133 (6) Develop plan for the livest
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135 (6) Develop guidelines for comm
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137 (4) Maintain law and order situ
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139 (7) Organize training on disast
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141 Annex F To National Disaster Re
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143 (7) Keep sirens and vehicles in
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145 (6) Enforce adherence to Sphere
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147 (4) Render technical advice to
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149 (9) Incorporate lessons learnt
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(6) Protect life and property. 151
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153 (2) Prepare contingency plan an
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1. NDMA 155 Annex G To National Dis
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157 n. Pakistan Red Crescent Societ
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159 o. Jhehlum 0544-9270061 0544-92
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161 m. Kharan 0847-510675, 510273 0
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163 m. Matiari 022-2760020-1 022-27
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165 Annex H To National Disaster Re
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167 where people are residing durin
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Shelter 169 How many houses damaged
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171 How many women, men of all ages
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Shallow Well Irrigation Channel Riv
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175 If Not. What is the alternate?
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Technical Colleges Colleges Any oth
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Crop Wheat Rice Sugarcane Cotton So
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Infrastructure Damage Infrastructur
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183 Annex K To National Disaster Re
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185 21. Public Awareness. The proce
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