Four Seasons of Learning and Engaging Smallholder Farmers - icrisat

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Cowpea varieties released The project facilitated the process of crop variety release in some countries. In Mali, Niger and Nigeria 11 new cowpea varieties (Table 4) were released officially during this first phase of TL II. A few more lines are in the pipe line and depending on their performance many of them will be released especially since farmers are familiar with these varieties as a result of their involvement in identifying them in the fields. Tanzania Two promising lines – IT00K-1263 and IT99K-1122 – have been selected following PVS in 2009/2010 and entered into the national performance trial of 2010/2011. Information on DUS has also been submitted to the Tanzania Seed Certifying Institute for verification prior to their being released for planting by farmers in the country. Mozambique Many farmers have shown keen interest in the line IT00K-1263 because of its yield performance, grain color and size. The line is very early maturing and sets pods which farmers are able to pick quickly. Table 5-6: Cowpea varieties released in different countries Variety code Local name Year released IT97K-499-35 SAMPEA-10 Dec. 2008 IT89KD-288 SAMPEA-11 Dec. 2009 IT89KD-391 SAMPEA-12 Dec. 2009 Country Location Average onfarm yield Kg/ha Yield advantage over check (%) Nigeria Northern guinea/Sudan Savanna region 835 60 Nigeria Northern guinea/Sudan 800 56 Savanna region Nigeria Savanna region 900 71 IT97K-499-35 Jiguiya Oct 2010 Mali Sahelian Zone (Mopti and Ségou) IT93K-876-330 Fakson Oct 2010 Mali Sahelian Zone (Mopti and Ségou) CZ1-94-23-1 Gana Shoba Mar 2009 Mali Sahelian Zone (Mopti and Ségou) CZ11-94-5C Cinzana Telimani Mar 2009 Mali Sahelian Zone (Mopti and Ségou) 1.000 70 1.500 80 1.500 65 1.000 60 IT97K-499-35 IT 2009 Niger Maradi and Zinder 800 300 IT97K-499-38 IT 2009 Niger Maradi and Zinder 700 200 IT98K-205-8 IT 2009 Niger Maradi, Zinder and 800 300 Dosso IT98K-573-11 IT 2010 Niger Maradi 500 100 G x E Analysis The yield data obtained from the 16 improved breeding lines that were tested in all five countries were subjected to GGE biplot analysis. Data from Tanzania were not included in the final analysis due to some discrepancies in yield values. The results of the GGE biplot analysis showed the lines that performed relatively well in some environments compared with others. It also identified locations best suited for cowpea production. According to the analysis, seven genotypes, namely IT87K-1069-6, IT89KD-288, IT98K-166-4, IT97K-819-118, IT96D-610, IT98K-491-4 and IT99K-216-24-2 were the most responsive to the environments. Following a comparison of genotypes with an ‘ideal’ one, it was observed that IT98K-128-3, IT98K-311-8-2 and IT98K-626 were most desirable as they were closest to the ideal. 94 Engaging Smallholder Farmers | Tropical Legumes II Project
The best lines as identified by the analysis for certain locations were not necessarily the same as those selected by farmers at those locations. Other attributes than yield were taken into consideration while lines were being selected. It is interesting to note that farmers in Tanzania and Mozambique selected IT00K-1263 because of its performance while in West Africa farmers in parts of Nigeria, Niger and Mali selected IT98K-499-35 because of its performance and Striga resistance. Support for nationally coordinated cowpea trials in Nigeria In Nigeria TL II supported the nationally coordinated cowpea trials during 2010. Any crop variety that will be released in the country must go through a nationally coordinated research for the crop. Based on the line’s performance across locations and years, it could be recommended for release. Data collected from these trials will be used to prepare the dossiers that accompany the lines being nominated by the breeders for release. Tables 5-6 and 5-7 show the performances, in terms of grain yield and Striga resistance, of some breeding lines that were evaluated nationally in year 2010. These will be further evaluated in 2011 and some of them should qualify for release when presented later in the year to the national committee for crop variety release in the country. Table 5-7: Grain yield (kg per ha) of cowpea varieties in the short duration Nationally Coordinated trial at seven locations in Nigeria in 2010. Genotype Abeokuta Ibadan Kano Location Makurdi Sabongari Samaru Tilla Mean IT98K-573-1-1 1205 365 2145 2162 1420 1457 810 1366 IT98K-573-2-1 1157 291 1640 1955 1210 1615 729 1228 IT04K-332-1 1186 211 2049 2258 1048 1180 559 1213 IT04K-333-2 1029 253 1933 2222 1092 1148 741 1202 IT97K-499-35 1152 300 2202 2227 1161 909 373 1189 IT98K-506-1 1099 312 1139 2129 1006 1363 601 1093 IT99K-1060 542 235 1956 2326 1338 700 444 1077 IT96D-610 1334 539 607 1941 1100 998 596 1017 IT99K-491-7 1035 271 1660 1685 1141 843 308 992 IT97K-568-18 647 278 1430 1464 1036 537 438 833 Mean 1039 306 1676 2037 1155 1075 560 1121 PROB 0.2370 0.4262 0.0037 0.0096 0.1370 0.0179 0.2135
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Tropical Legumes II Project TROPICA
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TROPICAL LEGUMES II Tropical Legume
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Seed Production and Delivery System
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Enhancing Pigeonpea Productivity an
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NARES NASFAM NASSPA NPT NSC NSO NSS
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TL II was implemented in 10 target
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country governments in agricultural
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Table 1-2: continued Variety code (
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Table 1-3: Seed production and deli
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As stated earlier in this chapter,
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Table 1-5: Graduate degree students
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Ndjeunga J, Ibro A, Cisse Y, Ben Ah
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Project background Groundnut is one
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Table 2-2: Performance of ICGV 0035
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Table 2-6: Performance of ICGV 9111
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Table 2-11: Results of 255 paired c
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Table 2-16: Groundnut seed of vario
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Infrastructure facilities For effic
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Project sites Tamil Nadu The presen
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In Karnataka, the PDKV model was pr
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Training course A total of four tra
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Background The yield of groundnut i
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Table 3-2: Groundnut production tre
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In order of importance, the largest
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Table 3-5: Results of pair-wise com
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Finally, the variety choices are co
Page 54 and 55: hybridization techniques, design of
Page 56 and 57: Figure 3-2: The Malawi model of the
Page 58 and 59: Tanzania TL II has contributed to t
Page 60 and 61: Annex 3-2: Performance of Virginia
Page 62 and 63: Annex 3-4: Regional elite groundnut
Page 64 and 65: 54 Engaging Smallholder Farmers | T
Page 66 and 67: The European Union still remains th
Page 68 and 69: Table 4-2: Proportion of households
Page 70 and 71: Table 4-4: Amount requested, amount
Page 72 and 73: Table 4-6. Comparison of groundnut
Page 74 and 75: The use of other inputs (credit, in
Page 76 and 77: A PVS evaluation was launched in pi
Page 78 and 79: Table 4-10: Locations and contact f
Page 80 and 81: Table 4-11: Mean pod yield (kg per
Page 82 and 83: 99511 (Table 4-12). Most important
Page 84 and 85: Table 4-15: Evaluation of groundnut
Page 86 and 87: A 10-day intensive training worksho
Page 88 and 89: Seed production of all classes A to
Page 90 and 91: Testing seed marketing strategies A
Page 92 and 93: as Nigeria that will face the great
Page 94 and 95: 100 Million hectares 80 60 40 20 0
Page 96 and 97: 70 73 76 79 82 85 88 91 94 97 00 03
Page 98 and 99: In Niger, changes in cowpea product
Page 100 and 101: irregular rainfall early in the cro
Page 102 and 103: Table 5-4: Cowpea breeding lines se
Page 106 and 107: Table 5-8: Number of days to flower
Page 108 and 109: Evaluation for phosphorus-use effic
Page 110 and 111: Figure 5-8: Reactions of some culti
Page 112 and 113: ASS6 ASS64 ASS110 ASS56 Figure 5-9:
Page 114 and 115: Figure 5-10: Meeting of farmers’
Page 116 and 117: The best approach to spread the imp
Page 118 and 119: declining soil fertility, increasin
Page 120 and 121: In Nigeria, the small seed pack app
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Page 124 and 125: Phase I Social Sciences research in
Page 126 and 127: The consequences are that the impro
Page 128 and 129: about half of area share of land al
Page 130 and 131: Figure 6-3: Average area (ha) per h
Page 132 and 133: single lingering bottleneck on whic
Page 134 and 135: In Kenya, the small seed pack appro
Page 136 and 137: Summary, process gains and people r
Page 138 and 139: Fast-Tracking and Technology Genera
Page 140 and 141: Figure 6-6: Distribution of PVS sit
Page 142 and 143: Table 6-12: Yields of fast track bu
Page 144 and 145: Table 6-15: Farmer evaluation of in
Page 146 and 147: While the fast track entries were r
Page 148 and 149: Technology generation Mechanistic s
Page 150 and 151: 60 50 Rainfall Pan evaporation Maxi
Page 152 and 153: Table 6-22: Yield under drought ind
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Number of degree training students
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Number of NARS technicians trained
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Rain-out shelter in CIAT-Colombia T
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Impact assessment and enhancement P
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Annex 6-2: TL IIEthiopia: decentral
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154 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
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farmers for enhancing their awarene
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• Designing, testing and implemen
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Andhra Pradesh The overall sample s
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Prakasam district: Crops grown in P
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Constraints in adoption of chickpea
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Cost-benefit analysis for chickpea
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Identification of farmer-and-market
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Table 7-6: Breeder Seed of differen
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Capacity building Knowledge empower
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Table 7-15: Training of local seed
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• In addition to yield, maturity
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Introduction Chickpea is grown in E
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Chickpea seed access The first majo
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Grades and standards About 75% of t
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Table 8-6: Varieties used in PVS tr
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private sector lacks the incentive
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• LZARDI-Ukiriguru: Land along wi
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• Establishing functional legume
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Table 9-1: Farmers’ preferred var
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Table 9-3: Baby trials conducted in
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Table 9-5: Reaction of pigeonpea li
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TL II focuses on farmer-participato
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Production of Breeder, Foundation,
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Mahaboobnagar and Ranga Reddy distr
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(Table 9-9 Continued) Particular To
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Chichewa) and Tanzania (Swahili). O
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Available technologies Although imp
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and Chitedze in Malawi showed that
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Table 10-6: Various classes of qual
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Awareness activities Farmers’ fie
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Annex 10-1: Target locations for pi
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Adoption studies Adoption studies f
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3.5 Yields (Tonnes/hectare) 3.0 2.5
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Table 11-1: Preferred soybean trait
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The up-scaling program signals the
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Across districts, TGx 1740-2F out-y
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Table 11-9: Communities and famers
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Table 11-14 Average performance of
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Table 11-15: Release notes of the t
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In Nigeria, across locations mean p
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Table 11-21: Grain yield (kg per ha
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Progress in selection of Bradyrhizo
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the major soybean producing localit
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Seed Production and Delivery System
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Table 11-29: Quantity (MT) of Found
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utilization and marketing. In Niger
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Annex 11-2: Tobit Model estimate of
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250 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
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