Four Seasons of Learning and Engaging Smallholder Farmers - icrisat

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Identification of farmer-and-market preferred varieties The current status of adoption of improved varieties and traits preferred by the farmers were assessed during a regional work planning meeting organized at ICRISAT-Patancheru at the beginning of the project. Taking into account farmer and market preferred traits, eight improved varieties/breeding lines (4 desi + 4 kabuli) were selected for PVS trials (Table 7-4) at each of the four project locations (Kurnool and Prakasam districts in Andhra Pradesh and Dharwad and Gulbarga districts in Karnataka). Twenty mother trials and 217 baby trials were conducted in 23 villages (5 to 8 villages in each district) during 2007-08 to expose farmers to improved varieties and allow them to select varieties of their preference. The crop in Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh was destroyed in the first year by heavy rains at maturity, so PVS trials were repeated in the second year (2008-09). A total of 1,181 farmers (1,052 men + 129 women) were involved in ranking of varieties in PVS trials. The desi chickpea varieties JG 11 and JAKI 9218 were preferred in all four districts. In addition to these, desi chickpea cultivar JG 130 was preferred in both the districts of Andhra Pradesh, while desi chickpea cultivar BGD 103 and kabuli variety MNK 1 was preferred in both the districts of Karnataka. Farmers in Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh also preferred kabuli chickpea cultivar KAK 2. The traits for which these varieties were preferred included, profuse podding, high productivity, early maturity, resistance to fusarium wilt, and market-preferred seed traits (e.g. medium seed size in desi type and large seed size in kabuli type). Table 7-4: Varieties used in PVS trials and varieties preferred by the farmers State Varieties used in PVS trials Varieties preferred by farmers Andhra Pradesh Desi: ICCC 37, JG 11, JG 130, JAKI 9218, Annigeri (local check) Kabuli: Vihar, LBeG7, JGK 2, ICCV 95334, KAK 2 Karnataka Desi: BGD 103, JG 11, JG 130, JAKI 9218, Annigeri (local check) Kabuli:Vihar, BG 1105, MNK 1, ICCV 95334, KAK 2 Desi: JG 11, JAKI 9218, JG 130, Kabuli: KAK 2 (in Prakasam district) Desi:JG 11, JAKI 9218, BGD 103, Kabuli: MNK 1 Varieties release All varieties included in the PVS trials were released varieties, except BGD 102 (desi) and MNK 1 (kabuli) which were elite lines at pre-release stage. The results of PVS trials strengthened release proposals of these varieties. The variety BGD 103 was released and notified for cultivation in Karnataka state of India during 2009. This is a large-seeded variety with early maturity (escapes terminal drought), high resistance to fusarium wilt and high yield potential. The variety MNK 1 is a large seeded (52 g/100-seed) kabuli variety. It was released by the Central Variety Release Committee for South Zone of India, which includes Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Orissa. 168 Engaging Smallholder Farmers | Tropical Legumes II Project
Seed Production and Delivery Systems The Objective 8.5 (Seed Systems for SA) aims at improving seed production and delivery system for legumes. The economics of legumes seed production is not attractive enough for organized private seed sector due to their large seed size resulting in high volume and consequently high costs in transportation and storage. On the other hand, public seed sector is not able to produce the required quantities of seed. Although many state governments arrange to supply seed to farmers at a subsidized cost (often this subsidized seed is not delivered to farmers in time), the quantity made available is limited and the quality and varietal integrity is often questionable. Therefore, farmers have to often reach local traders (who care little for varietal integrity and quality) and co-farmers for their seed requirement. This project established efficient linkages for the efficient seed production and marketing of legumes in the project sites. The Seed Systems objective (Objective 8) was instrumental in catalyzing the scaling up of Foundation and Certified seeds, seed delivery testing models, and raising farmer awareness. Breeder seed and other classes of seed produced by research partners Excellent progress was made in chickpea seed production and distribution by the project partners in the target states (Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka). The research partners were mainly engaged in production of Breeder seed (BS), but also produced limited quantities of certified seed (CS) and truthfully-labeled seed (TLS). They together produced over 2,000 MT seed, which included 1,207 MT BS, 205 MT CS and 681 MT TLS (Tables7-5 to 7-7). The seed was produced both at the research stations and the farmers’ fields under their direct supervision. The share of JG 11 was 84% in BS and 71% in CS and TLS (Table 6&7) Table 7-5: Seed produced (in MT) by research partners in target regions State & District RARS- Nandyal Class 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Total of seed Station Farmers’ fields Station Farmers’ fields Station Farmers’ fields Station Farmers’ fields BS 19.1 - 65.1 - - 203.0 - 43.0 330.2 CS - 60.0 - - - - - - 60.0 TLS 3.8 80.0 0.2 30.9 77.0 191.9 ARS-Darsi BS - - - 46.1 - 375.4 2.0 - 423.5 CS - - - - - - - - - TLS - - 30.0 - 62.7 92.7 UAS- Dharwad ARS- Gulbarga BS 2.5 4.4 4.0 0.4 1.0 65.3 - 77.6 CS - 3.2 - - - - - 42.0 45.2 TLS - - - - - 40.0 - 1.8 41.8 BS 4.6 - 2.0 327.8 8.0 - 8.5 - 350.9 CS - - - - - 100.0 - 100.0 TLS - 105.0 - - - 20.0 - 230.0 355.0 ICRISAT BS 4.6 - 7.8 - 12.1 - - - 24.5 CS - - - - - - - - - TLS - - - - - - - - - Total BS 30.8 0.0 79.3 377.9 20.5 579.4 75.8 43.0 1,206.7 CS 0.0 63.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 42.0 205.2 TLS 0.0 108.8 0.0 80.0 0.2 120.9 0.0 371.5 681.4 Grand Total 30.8 172.0 79.3 457.9 20.7 800.3 75.8 456.5 2,093.2 Progress of Phase 1 169
Page 1 and 2:
Tropical Legumes II Project TROPICA
Page 3:
TROPICAL LEGUMES II Tropical Legume
Page 6 and 7:
Seed Production and Delivery System
Page 8 and 9:
Enhancing Pigeonpea Productivity an
Page 10 and 11:
NARES NASFAM NASSPA NPT NSC NSO NSS
Page 12 and 13:
TL II was implemented in 10 target
Page 14 and 15:
country governments in agricultural
Page 16 and 17:
Table 1-2: continued Variety code (
Page 18 and 19:
Table 1-3: Seed production and deli
Page 20 and 21:
As stated earlier in this chapter,
Page 22 and 23:
Table 1-5: Graduate degree students
Page 24 and 25:
Ndjeunga J, Ibro A, Cisse Y, Ben Ah
Page 26 and 27:
Project background Groundnut is one
Page 28 and 29:
Table 2-2: Performance of ICGV 0035
Page 30 and 31:
Table 2-6: Performance of ICGV 9111
Page 32 and 33:
Table 2-11: Results of 255 paired c
Page 34 and 35:
Table 2-16: Groundnut seed of vario
Page 36 and 37:
Infrastructure facilities For effic
Page 38 and 39:
Project sites Tamil Nadu The presen
Page 40 and 41:
In Karnataka, the PDKV model was pr
Page 42 and 43:
Training course A total of four tra
Page 44 and 45:
Background The yield of groundnut i
Page 46 and 47:
Table 3-2: Groundnut production tre
Page 48 and 49:
In order of importance, the largest
Page 50 and 51:
Table 3-5: Results of pair-wise com
Page 52 and 53:
Finally, the variety choices are co
Page 54 and 55:
hybridization techniques, design of
Page 56 and 57:
Figure 3-2: The Malawi model of the
Page 58 and 59:
Tanzania TL II has contributed to t
Page 60 and 61:
Annex 3-2: Performance of Virginia
Page 62 and 63:
Annex 3-4: Regional elite groundnut
Page 64 and 65:
54 Engaging Smallholder Farmers | T
Page 66 and 67:
The European Union still remains th
Page 68 and 69:
Table 4-2: Proportion of households
Page 70 and 71:
Table 4-4: Amount requested, amount
Page 72 and 73:
Table 4-6. Comparison of groundnut
Page 74 and 75:
The use of other inputs (credit, in
Page 76 and 77:
A PVS evaluation was launched in pi
Page 78 and 79:
Table 4-10: Locations and contact f
Page 80 and 81:
Table 4-11: Mean pod yield (kg per
Page 82 and 83:
99511 (Table 4-12). Most important
Page 84 and 85:
Table 4-15: Evaluation of groundnut
Page 86 and 87:
A 10-day intensive training worksho
Page 88 and 89:
Seed production of all classes A to
Page 90 and 91:
Testing seed marketing strategies A
Page 92 and 93:
as Nigeria that will face the great
Page 94 and 95:
100 Million hectares 80 60 40 20 0
Page 96 and 97:
70 73 76 79 82 85 88 91 94 97 00 03
Page 98 and 99:
In Niger, changes in cowpea product
Page 100 and 101:
irregular rainfall early in the cro
Page 102 and 103:
Table 5-4: Cowpea breeding lines se
Page 104 and 105:
Cowpea varieties released The proje
Page 106 and 107:
Table 5-8: Number of days to flower
Page 108 and 109:
Evaluation for phosphorus-use effic
Page 110 and 111:
Figure 5-8: Reactions of some culti
Page 112 and 113:
ASS6 ASS64 ASS110 ASS56 Figure 5-9:
Page 114 and 115:
Figure 5-10: Meeting of farmers’
Page 116 and 117:
The best approach to spread the imp
Page 118 and 119:
declining soil fertility, increasin
Page 120 and 121:
In Nigeria, the small seed pack app
Page 122 and 123:
112 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
Page 124 and 125:
Phase I Social Sciences research in
Page 126 and 127:
The consequences are that the impro
Page 128 and 129: about half of area share of land al
Page 130 and 131: Figure 6-3: Average area (ha) per h
Page 132 and 133: single lingering bottleneck on whic
Page 134 and 135: In Kenya, the small seed pack appro
Page 136 and 137: Summary, process gains and people r
Page 138 and 139: Fast-Tracking and Technology Genera
Page 140 and 141: Figure 6-6: Distribution of PVS sit
Page 142 and 143: Table 6-12: Yields of fast track bu
Page 144 and 145: Table 6-15: Farmer evaluation of in
Page 146 and 147: While the fast track entries were r
Page 148 and 149: Technology generation Mechanistic s
Page 150 and 151: 60 50 Rainfall Pan evaporation Maxi
Page 152 and 153: Table 6-22: Yield under drought ind
Page 154 and 155: Number of degree training students
Page 156 and 157: Number of NARS technicians trained
Page 158 and 159: Rain-out shelter in CIAT-Colombia T
Page 160 and 161: Impact assessment and enhancement P
Page 162 and 163: Annex 6-2: TL IIEthiopia: decentral
Page 164 and 165: 154 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
Page 166 and 167: farmers for enhancing their awarene
Page 168 and 169: • Designing, testing and implemen
Page 170 and 171: Andhra Pradesh The overall sample s
Page 172 and 173: Prakasam district: Crops grown in P
Page 174 and 175: Constraints in adoption of chickpea
Page 176 and 177: Cost-benefit analysis for chickpea
Page 180 and 181: Table 7-6: Breeder Seed of differen
Page 182 and 183: Capacity building Knowledge empower
Page 184 and 185: Table 7-15: Training of local seed
Page 186 and 187: • In addition to yield, maturity
Page 188 and 189: Introduction Chickpea is grown in E
Page 190 and 191: Chickpea seed access The first majo
Page 192 and 193: Grades and standards About 75% of t
Page 194 and 195: Table 8-6: Varieties used in PVS tr
Page 196 and 197: private sector lacks the incentive
Page 198 and 199: • LZARDI-Ukiriguru: Land along wi
Page 200 and 201: • Establishing functional legume
Page 202 and 203: Table 9-1: Farmers’ preferred var
Page 204 and 205: Table 9-3: Baby trials conducted in
Page 206 and 207: Table 9-5: Reaction of pigeonpea li
Page 208 and 209: TL II focuses on farmer-participato
Page 210 and 211: Production of Breeder, Foundation,
Page 212 and 213: Mahaboobnagar and Ranga Reddy distr
Page 214 and 215: (Table 9-9 Continued) Particular To
Page 216 and 217: Chichewa) and Tanzania (Swahili). O
Page 218 and 219: Available technologies Although imp
Page 220 and 221: and Chitedze in Malawi showed that
Page 222 and 223: Table 10-6: Various classes of qual
Page 224 and 225: Awareness activities Farmers’ fie
Page 226 and 227: Annex 10-1: Target locations for pi
Page 228 and 229:
Adoption studies Adoption studies f
Page 230 and 231:
3.5 Yields (Tonnes/hectare) 3.0 2.5
Page 232 and 233:
Table 11-1: Preferred soybean trait
Page 234 and 235:
The up-scaling program signals the
Page 236 and 237:
Across districts, TGx 1740-2F out-y
Page 238 and 239:
Table 11-9: Communities and famers
Page 240 and 241:
Table 11-14 Average performance of
Page 242 and 243:
Table 11-15: Release notes of the t
Page 244 and 245:
In Nigeria, across locations mean p
Page 246 and 247:
Table 11-21: Grain yield (kg per ha
Page 248 and 249:
Progress in selection of Bradyrhizo
Page 250 and 251:
the major soybean producing localit
Page 252 and 253:
Seed Production and Delivery System
Page 254 and 255:
Table 11-29: Quantity (MT) of Found
Page 256 and 257:
utilization and marketing. In Niger
Page 258 and 259:
Annex 11-2: Tobit Model estimate of
Page 260:
250 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
show all

Four Seasons of Learning and Engaging Smallholder Farmers - icrisat

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?