Four Seasons of Learning and Engaging Smallholder Farmers - icrisat

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Table 11-9: Communities and famers involved in farmer-managed soybean trials in Zambezia Province, Mozambique - 2009/10 growing season Community Men Women Total Lioma 1 2 3 Maggige 3 2 5 Napalame 3 3 6 Ruace 30 23 53 Tetete 2 5 7 Total 39 35 74 Table 11-10: Mean grain yield of soybean genotypes grown in farmer-managed PVS trials across several communities in Zambezia Province, Mozambique - 2009/10 growing season Genotype Location Yields (kg per ha) Ruace Tetete Magige Lioma Napalame TGx 1740-2F 3245ab 2575a 2822a 3242a 2482a TGx 1908-8F 3114ab 2352b 2877a 2904a 2406a TGx 1904-6F 3749a 2624a 2940a 3041a 2494a TGx 1937-1F 2760b 2353b 2775a 2916a 2417a TGx 1485-1D 2745b 2166c 2766a 2817a 2434a Local checks Storm 2539bc 1418d 2313b 1992b 1232b Santa Rosa 1532cd 930e - 1617b 824b Safari 1366cd - - - - Santa 718d 936e 1045c - 848b Means, within a column, followed by the same letter are not significantly different at 5% probability level In Nigeria, the first year (2008) on-farm trial involved TGx 1835-10E (a rust resistant breeding line in previous work), and TGx 1485-1D (rust-susceptible released cultivar) at 13 sites in eight states encompassing three agro-ecological zones. The states were (with site names in parenthesis) Benue (Yandev and Makurdi), Kaduna (Zonkwa and Samaru-Kataff), Kogi (Aiyetoro and Isanlu), Kwara (Eyenkorin), Nassarawa (Keffi and Lafia), Osun (Ilesha), Oyo (Onilaru and Oniyo), and Taraba (Jalingo). TGx 1835-10E was found to be resistant to rust at all locations whereas the long time released variety TGx 1485-1D had nearly 24% damaged leaf area at locations where rust was prevalent. Mean grain yield of TGx 1835-10E was 25% more than TGx 1485-1D at locations where rust severity was high. Based on this trial, particularly for its rust resistance, the Nigerian Plant Variety Release Committee in its meeting in December 2008 approved the registration and release of TGx 1835-10E for general cultivation in the country. In the 2010 PVS trials, a total of 175 farmers from four states (Kaduna, Benue, Kano and Niger) participated. Sixty-five farmers participated from each of Kaduna and Kano states whilst 35 and 10 farmers participated from Benue and Niger states, respectively (Table 11-11). Across all test genotypes, the highest on-farm yields from the baby trials were obtained from Benue/Yandev (1700 kg per ha), Kaduna/Samaru Kataf (1642 kg per ha), Kano (1629 kg per ha) and Niger/Mokwa (1626 kg per ha) (Table 11-12). At Maigana, another site in Kaduna State, grain yields were relatively low (1221 kg per ha). Except for Maigana and Mokwa/Niger sites, TGx 1987-10F gave the highest grain yield at Kano (1826 kg per ha), Kaduna/Samaru Kataf (1720 kg per ha) and Benue/Yandev (1817 kg per ha). Across all states and farmers, TGx 1987-10F turned out to be the top yielder (1626 kg per ha), followed by TGx 1835-10E (1619 kg per ha) and TGx 1448-2E (1594 kg per ha). TGx 1987-62F and TGx 1987-10F gave the highest fodder yields across all states and farmers (Table 11- 13). In terms of rust incidence, the resistant lines (TGx 1987-10F, TGx 1987-62F and TGx 1835-10E) were free from the disease. The disease, however, appeared on genotypes such as TGx 1485-1D, TGx 1448-2E and NCRISoy8 with incidence percentages ranging from 1% - 9.4%. The high yielding genotypes were also early maturing and took 75-83 days to mature across all states and farmers. TGx 1448-2E and NCRISoy8 228 Engaging Smallholder Farmers | Tropical Legumes II Project
took 99 and 106 days to mature, respectively. The late maturing variety (TGx 1448-2E) produced the highest number of pods per plant as compared to the other genotypes. Similar to the baby trials, TGx 1987-10F was found to be the top yielder (1916 kg per ha) in the mother trials across six sites in four states (Table 11-14). It was followed by TGx 1448-2E (1905 kg per ha) and TGx 1987-62F (1767 kg per ha). With the exception of NCRISoy8 and TGx 1448-2E, all the other genotypes were found to be early maturing. Most farmers in Kano state of Nigeria prefer TGx 1835-10E (variety released in 2008) because of its early maturity. This according to them would be adequate for their environment, especially when there is unreliable rainfall and thus they are prone to drought. TGx 1987-10F and TGx 1987-62F yielded higher than other varieties and also has attractive golden seed color, but matured later than TGx 1835- 10E. In Benue State (Yandev), the reaction of the farmers is different. The farmers prefer TGx 1987-10F and TGx 1987-62F because of the number of branches per plant, height of plant, seed color and their high yield. According to the farmers, TGx 1835-10E will mature before the rainy season is over and may be a problem as there would be no place to dry the harvest. Other farm activities may also require attention at the time of its maturity. One of the women farmers (a widow), however, prefers TGx 1835- 10E for its earliness as she will be able to get money quickly to pay her children’s school fees. Most farmers across the states, however, gave general recommendations on the improved varieties as none of them shatter on the field compared to their local ones. Table 11-11: States, locations and number of farmers where on-farm PVS trials were carried out in Nigeria in 2010 State Location No. of farmers Kaduna Maigana 30 Kaduna Samaru Kataf 35 Kano 65 Benue Yandev 35 Niger Mokwa 10 Total 175 Table 11-12: Grain yield (kg per ha) of soybean genotypes under on-farm PVS baby trials in four states in Nigeria - 2010 Gonotype Kano Kaduna Kaduna Benue Niger Average (Maigana) (Samaru Kataf) (Yandev) (Mokwa) TGx 1987-10F 1826 1113 1720 1817 1655 1626 TGx 1987-62F 1709 1178 1697 1647 1605 1567 TGx 1835-10E 1775 1313 1611 1711 1683 1619 TGx 1485-1D 1343 1255 1586 1647 1617 1490 TGx 1448-2E 1618 1255 1699 1725 1673 1594 NCRI Soy 8 1502 1209 1536 1650 1525 1484 Mean 1629 1221 1642 1700 1626 1563 Table 11-13: Fodder yield (kg per ha) of soybean genotypes under on-farm PVS baby trials in four states in Nigeria - 2010 Gonotype Kano Kaduna Kaduna (Samaru Niger (Mokwa) Average (Maigana) Kataf) TGx1987-10F 1371 1478 1360 1275 1371 TGx1987-62F 1331 1782 1330 1310 1438 TGx1835-10E 1326 1134 1311 1307 1270 TGx1485-1D 1316 1121 1288 1263 1247 TGx1448-2E 1216 1132 1385 1348 1270 NCRI Soy 8 1247 1141 1294 1250 1233 Mean 1301 1298 1328 1292 1305 Progress of Phase 1 229
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Tropical Legumes II Project TROPICA
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TROPICAL LEGUMES II Tropical Legume
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Seed Production and Delivery System
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Enhancing Pigeonpea Productivity an
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NARES NASFAM NASSPA NPT NSC NSO NSS
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TL II was implemented in 10 target
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country governments in agricultural
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Table 1-2: continued Variety code (
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Table 1-3: Seed production and deli
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As stated earlier in this chapter,
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Table 1-5: Graduate degree students
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Ndjeunga J, Ibro A, Cisse Y, Ben Ah
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Project background Groundnut is one
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Table 2-2: Performance of ICGV 0035
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Table 2-6: Performance of ICGV 9111
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Table 2-11: Results of 255 paired c
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Table 2-16: Groundnut seed of vario
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Infrastructure facilities For effic
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Project sites Tamil Nadu The presen
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In Karnataka, the PDKV model was pr
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Training course A total of four tra
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Background The yield of groundnut i
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Table 3-2: Groundnut production tre
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In order of importance, the largest
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Table 3-5: Results of pair-wise com
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Finally, the variety choices are co
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hybridization techniques, design of
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Figure 3-2: The Malawi model of the
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Tanzania TL II has contributed to t
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Annex 3-2: Performance of Virginia
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Annex 3-4: Regional elite groundnut
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54 Engaging Smallholder Farmers | T
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The European Union still remains th
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Table 4-2: Proportion of households
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Table 4-4: Amount requested, amount
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Table 4-6. Comparison of groundnut
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The use of other inputs (credit, in
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A PVS evaluation was launched in pi
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Table 4-10: Locations and contact f
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Table 4-11: Mean pod yield (kg per
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99511 (Table 4-12). Most important
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Table 4-15: Evaluation of groundnut
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A 10-day intensive training worksho
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Seed production of all classes A to
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Testing seed marketing strategies A
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as Nigeria that will face the great
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100 Million hectares 80 60 40 20 0
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70 73 76 79 82 85 88 91 94 97 00 03
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In Niger, changes in cowpea product
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irregular rainfall early in the cro
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Table 5-4: Cowpea breeding lines se
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Cowpea varieties released The proje
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Table 5-8: Number of days to flower
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Evaluation for phosphorus-use effic
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Figure 5-8: Reactions of some culti
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ASS6 ASS64 ASS110 ASS56 Figure 5-9:
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Figure 5-10: Meeting of farmers’
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The best approach to spread the imp
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declining soil fertility, increasin
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In Nigeria, the small seed pack app
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112 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
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Phase I Social Sciences research in
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The consequences are that the impro
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about half of area share of land al
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Figure 6-3: Average area (ha) per h
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single lingering bottleneck on whic
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In Kenya, the small seed pack appro
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Summary, process gains and people r
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Fast-Tracking and Technology Genera
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Figure 6-6: Distribution of PVS sit
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Table 6-12: Yields of fast track bu
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Table 6-15: Farmer evaluation of in
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While the fast track entries were r
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Technology generation Mechanistic s
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60 50 Rainfall Pan evaporation Maxi
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Table 6-22: Yield under drought ind
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Number of degree training students
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Number of NARS technicians trained
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Rain-out shelter in CIAT-Colombia T
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Impact assessment and enhancement P
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Annex 6-2: TL IIEthiopia: decentral
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154 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
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farmers for enhancing their awarene
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• Designing, testing and implemen
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Andhra Pradesh The overall sample s
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Prakasam district: Crops grown in P
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Constraints in adoption of chickpea
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Cost-benefit analysis for chickpea
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Identification of farmer-and-market
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Table 7-6: Breeder Seed of differen
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Capacity building Knowledge empower
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Table 7-15: Training of local seed
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• In addition to yield, maturity
Page 188 and 189: Introduction Chickpea is grown in E
Page 190 and 191: Chickpea seed access The first majo
Page 192 and 193: Grades and standards About 75% of t
Page 194 and 195: Table 8-6: Varieties used in PVS tr
Page 196 and 197: private sector lacks the incentive
Page 198 and 199: • LZARDI-Ukiriguru: Land along wi
Page 200 and 201: • Establishing functional legume
Page 202 and 203: Table 9-1: Farmers’ preferred var
Page 204 and 205: Table 9-3: Baby trials conducted in
Page 206 and 207: Table 9-5: Reaction of pigeonpea li
Page 208 and 209: TL II focuses on farmer-participato
Page 210 and 211: Production of Breeder, Foundation,
Page 212 and 213: Mahaboobnagar and Ranga Reddy distr
Page 214 and 215: (Table 9-9 Continued) Particular To
Page 216 and 217: Chichewa) and Tanzania (Swahili). O
Page 218 and 219: Available technologies Although imp
Page 220 and 221: and Chitedze in Malawi showed that
Page 222 and 223: Table 10-6: Various classes of qual
Page 224 and 225: Awareness activities Farmers’ fie
Page 226 and 227: Annex 10-1: Target locations for pi
Page 228 and 229: Adoption studies Adoption studies f
Page 230 and 231: 3.5 Yields (Tonnes/hectare) 3.0 2.5
Page 232 and 233: Table 11-1: Preferred soybean trait
Page 234 and 235: The up-scaling program signals the
Page 236 and 237: Across districts, TGx 1740-2F out-y
Page 240 and 241: Table 11-14 Average performance of
Page 242 and 243: Table 11-15: Release notes of the t
Page 244 and 245: In Nigeria, across locations mean p
Page 246 and 247: Table 11-21: Grain yield (kg per ha
Page 248 and 249: Progress in selection of Bradyrhizo
Page 250 and 251: the major soybean producing localit
Page 252 and 253: Seed Production and Delivery System
Page 254 and 255: Table 11-29: Quantity (MT) of Found
Page 256 and 257: utilization and marketing. In Niger
Page 258 and 259: Annex 11-2: Tobit Model estimate of
Page 260: 250 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
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