Four Seasons of Learning and Engaging Smallholder Farmers - icrisat

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Table 11-29: Quantity (MT) of Foundation Seed of soybean produced in target countries Country Year Total 2008 2009 2010 Kenya 10.0 11.0 17.3 38.3 Malawi 4.0 8.0 15.6 27.6 Mozambique 3.5 11.4 21.1 36.0 Nigeria 8.4 10.3 5.1 23.8 Total 25.9 40.7 59.1 125.7 Building and strengthening local partnership At the commencement of the major activities, the project held a major planning workshop for all collaborators in the project countries to develop action plan for the implantation of the project. Subsequently, each country organized a planning meeting to harmonize and fine tune their project implementation. Thereafter, series of meetings and visits were also made by the project coordinator and other team leaders to ensure compliance of the agreed implementation plan. Consultations were also held among socio-economist in the participating institutions to plan surveys aimed at assessing capacity of NARS/institutions to produce Foundation Seed. During this process, a report on the potential of Foundation Seed production in all the participating project countries were prepared and submitted. In student capacity building, Mr. Guilhermo Boina completed his MSc degree program in Seed Technology at Bunda College of Agriculture, University of Malawi. Mr. Habou Aboubacar in Niger is about to defend his MSc degree program in Seed Technology from the University of Niamey. Progress in the production of Quality Assured Seed Considerable progress has been made in the production of Quality Assured/Certified Seed by community-based seed producers and seed companies in the various countries. The project promoted community seed production and linked seed producers to seed companies and agro-processors. The linkage was aimed to encourage the seed producers to improve and expand seed production as a result of the additional market outlets. For example, community seed producers were linked to Alheri Seed Company in Niger, Premier Seed and Jirkur Seed Companies, as well as Grand Cereal Nigeria Limited Jos (Agro-processor) in Nigeria, and Leldet Seed Company in Kenya. Over the period 2008-2010, a total of 975 MT of soybean seed has been produced. In Nigeria, 232.3 MT of Certified Seed has been produced in the last three years. This figure indicates that the 70 MT per year annual target was met. In Kenya, 43 MT of Certified Seed has been produced. In Malawi, 122 MT of Certified Seed has been produced. In Mozambique, 578 MT of Certified Seed has been produced. The results indicate that Nigeria and Mozambique exceeded the target of 210 MT based on average of 70 MT per year. Over 90% of the seed produced has been certified by the country certifying agencies (Table 11-30). Table 11-30: Quantity (MT) of Certified Seed of soybean produced in target countries Country Year Total 2008 2009 2010 Kenya 10.0 13.0 20.0 43.0 Malawi 4.0 60.0 58.0 122.3 Mozambique 43.0 120.0 415.0 578.0 Nigeria 50.3 66.0 116.0 232.3 Total 107.3 259.0 609.0 975.3 244 Engaging Smallholder Farmers | Tropical Legumes II Project
Seed production was monitored throughout the project cycle. NARS kept careful records of initial Foundation/Certified Seed produced and distributed to partners, while selected partners in decentralized zones kept records of farmer multipliers, farmers receiving seed, and multiplication rates by region. Seed delivery mechanisms The use of small packs is based on the field insights that farmers want access to new varieties, and that some also are willing to pay for Certified Seed at affordable sizes. Seed simply has to be marketed in affordable sizes, in places which are easily accessible to farmers, and from vendors that farmers trust (or who may be held accountable to buyers). Available M+E data show that 3700 MT of seed has been sold in small packs across three countries. Of this amount, 226 MT was sold in Nigeria, 430 MT in Mozambique, and 44 MT in Kenya in small packs sealed in 2 kg, 5 kg and 10 kg sizes. At the beginning of TL II, NARS and NGOs considered that farmers only wanted large quantities, that is 50 kg and 20 kg packs. Progress in on-farm demonstrations Demonstration plots were established in all participating counties to popularize and showcase the performance of improved soybean varieties to large numbers of farmers. In Nigeria, 365 farmers (259 men and 107 women) successfully established on-farm soybean demonstration plots in the project areas of Borno, Benue, and Kaduna States. The average yields for the improved varieties ranged from 1753 in the Sudan zone to 2149 kg per ha in the Savanna zone compared, to average yield of 1553 kg per ha of the farmers’ variety. In 2010, 30 demonstration plots were established in Benue State. The average yield of the improved variety was 2181 kg per ha, compared to 1523 kg per ha of the farmers’ localvarieties. In Mozambique, a total of 430 demonstration plots were established while in Kenya, 44 demonstrations were established. Understanding and developing market-value chain Soybean seed supply chain and other form of value-addition has been carried out in all project countries and reports submitted. Market development for soybean and linkages has resulted in increased production and sales of soybean making significant contributions to improving livelihood and poverty reduction. Progress in market linkage In Nigeria, two seed companies and a seed cooperative are involved in producing and selling soybean seed. These are Premier Seeds Nigeria Ltd, Project Seed Co. Nigeria Ltd and Jirkur Seed Cooperative; these entities have been linked to each other. To ensure that seed producers have access to market outlet for the sales of their seed, seed farmers were linked to institutions that have the mandate for the crop and other major seed companies. The linkage was aimed to encourage the seed producers to improve and expand seed production as a result of the additional market outlets. In Nigeria, a total of 226 MT of Certified Seeds of different soybean varieties have been sold in different packs sizes over the last 3 seasons. Of this total, 100 MT was sold in small packs of 1, 2 and 10 kg pack to farmers. In Mozambique, 430 MT of soybean varieties packaged in small packs were sold through input dealer shops and cooperative stores. In Kenya, a total of 44MT of different soybean seed has been sold over the last 3 seasons. Progress in training farming communities A number of training activities were carried out in the project countries with respect to seed production technologies, PVS, field plot techniques, seed segregation and standard, storage processing and Progress of Phase 1 245
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Tropical Legumes II Project TROPICA
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TROPICAL LEGUMES II Tropical Legume
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Seed Production and Delivery System
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Enhancing Pigeonpea Productivity an
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NARES NASFAM NASSPA NPT NSC NSO NSS
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TL II was implemented in 10 target
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country governments in agricultural
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Table 1-2: continued Variety code (
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Table 1-3: Seed production and deli
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As stated earlier in this chapter,
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Table 1-5: Graduate degree students
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Ndjeunga J, Ibro A, Cisse Y, Ben Ah
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Project background Groundnut is one
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Table 2-2: Performance of ICGV 0035
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Table 2-6: Performance of ICGV 9111
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Table 2-11: Results of 255 paired c
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Table 2-16: Groundnut seed of vario
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Infrastructure facilities For effic
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Project sites Tamil Nadu The presen
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In Karnataka, the PDKV model was pr
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Training course A total of four tra
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Background The yield of groundnut i
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Table 3-2: Groundnut production tre
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In order of importance, the largest
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Table 3-5: Results of pair-wise com
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Finally, the variety choices are co
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hybridization techniques, design of
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Figure 3-2: The Malawi model of the
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Tanzania TL II has contributed to t
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Annex 3-2: Performance of Virginia
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Annex 3-4: Regional elite groundnut
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54 Engaging Smallholder Farmers | T
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The European Union still remains th
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Table 4-2: Proportion of households
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Table 4-4: Amount requested, amount
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Table 4-6. Comparison of groundnut
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The use of other inputs (credit, in
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A PVS evaluation was launched in pi
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Table 4-10: Locations and contact f
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Table 4-11: Mean pod yield (kg per
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99511 (Table 4-12). Most important
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Table 4-15: Evaluation of groundnut
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A 10-day intensive training worksho
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Seed production of all classes A to
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Testing seed marketing strategies A
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as Nigeria that will face the great
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100 Million hectares 80 60 40 20 0
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70 73 76 79 82 85 88 91 94 97 00 03
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In Niger, changes in cowpea product
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irregular rainfall early in the cro
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Table 5-4: Cowpea breeding lines se
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Cowpea varieties released The proje
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Table 5-8: Number of days to flower
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Evaluation for phosphorus-use effic
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Figure 5-8: Reactions of some culti
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ASS6 ASS64 ASS110 ASS56 Figure 5-9:
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Figure 5-10: Meeting of farmers’
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The best approach to spread the imp
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declining soil fertility, increasin
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In Nigeria, the small seed pack app
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112 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
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Phase I Social Sciences research in
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The consequences are that the impro
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about half of area share of land al
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Figure 6-3: Average area (ha) per h
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single lingering bottleneck on whic
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In Kenya, the small seed pack appro
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Summary, process gains and people r
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Fast-Tracking and Technology Genera
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Figure 6-6: Distribution of PVS sit
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Table 6-12: Yields of fast track bu
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Table 6-15: Farmer evaluation of in
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While the fast track entries were r
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Technology generation Mechanistic s
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60 50 Rainfall Pan evaporation Maxi
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Table 6-22: Yield under drought ind
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Number of degree training students
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Number of NARS technicians trained
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Rain-out shelter in CIAT-Colombia T
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Impact assessment and enhancement P
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Annex 6-2: TL IIEthiopia: decentral
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154 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
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farmers for enhancing their awarene
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• Designing, testing and implemen
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Andhra Pradesh The overall sample s
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Prakasam district: Crops grown in P
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Constraints in adoption of chickpea
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Cost-benefit analysis for chickpea
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Identification of farmer-and-market
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Table 7-6: Breeder Seed of differen
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Capacity building Knowledge empower
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Table 7-15: Training of local seed
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• In addition to yield, maturity
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Introduction Chickpea is grown in E
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Chickpea seed access The first majo
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Grades and standards About 75% of t
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Table 8-6: Varieties used in PVS tr
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private sector lacks the incentive
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• LZARDI-Ukiriguru: Land along wi
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• Establishing functional legume
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Table 9-1: Farmers’ preferred var
Page 204 and 205: Table 9-3: Baby trials conducted in
Page 206 and 207: Table 9-5: Reaction of pigeonpea li
Page 208 and 209: TL II focuses on farmer-participato
Page 210 and 211: Production of Breeder, Foundation,
Page 212 and 213: Mahaboobnagar and Ranga Reddy distr
Page 214 and 215: (Table 9-9 Continued) Particular To
Page 216 and 217: Chichewa) and Tanzania (Swahili). O
Page 218 and 219: Available technologies Although imp
Page 220 and 221: and Chitedze in Malawi showed that
Page 222 and 223: Table 10-6: Various classes of qual
Page 224 and 225: Awareness activities Farmers’ fie
Page 226 and 227: Annex 10-1: Target locations for pi
Page 228 and 229: Adoption studies Adoption studies f
Page 230 and 231: 3.5 Yields (Tonnes/hectare) 3.0 2.5
Page 232 and 233: Table 11-1: Preferred soybean trait
Page 234 and 235: The up-scaling program signals the
Page 236 and 237: Across districts, TGx 1740-2F out-y
Page 238 and 239: Table 11-9: Communities and famers
Page 240 and 241: Table 11-14 Average performance of
Page 242 and 243: Table 11-15: Release notes of the t
Page 244 and 245: In Nigeria, across locations mean p
Page 246 and 247: Table 11-21: Grain yield (kg per ha
Page 248 and 249: Progress in selection of Bradyrhizo
Page 250 and 251: the major soybean producing localit
Page 252 and 253: Seed Production and Delivery System
Page 256 and 257: utilization and marketing. In Niger
Page 258 and 259: Annex 11-2: Tobit Model estimate of
Page 260: 250 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
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