Four Seasons of Learning and Engaging Smallholder Farmers - icrisat

More documents

Recommendations

Info

In Nigeria, the small seed pack approach was pioneered by Jirkur Seed Cooperative and the Premier Seed Company, especially across northeast and northwest Nigeria. Packs were sealed in 1 kg, 2.5 kg and 5 kg sizes and sold at 150, 400 and 600 Naira, respectively (1USD = 150). One M+E follow-up showed that the majority preferred the 2.5 kg pack, which they can afford with their domestic funds. In Niger, packs were sold in the eastern and southern parts of the country through farmers’ cooperatives unions, NGOs and in open market places. Given the very modest buying power of farmers in Niger- and important role of cowpeas - the lively interest in small cowpea packs was unexpected. At the beginning of the project, NARS and NGOs considered that farmers only wanted large quantities, that is, 50 kg and 20 kg packs. IEAR and SARI then moved to putting on offer 5 kg and 2 kg packs. Now, sales data have shown that many Niger farmers desire smaller amounts - even 500g and 1 kg packs, particularly as they expand to new varieties. The same modules were adopted in Mali and Mozambique Progress in on-farm demonstrations Demonstration plots were established in all participating counties to popularize and showcase the performance of improved varieties to large number of farmers. In Nigeria, 796 farmers (659 men and 337 women) successfully established on-farm cowpea demonstration plots spread across 41 communities in the project areas of Borno, Kano, and Benue states. The average yield for the improved varieties was 1447 kg per ha, compared with 800 kg per ha obtained from the farmers’ local variety. In 2010, 30 demonstration plots were established in Benue State. The average yield ranged from 1258 to 1684 kg per ha for the improved cowpea varieties compared with 1100 kg per ha that was obtained from the farmers’ local variety. This result shows the high potential of cowpea in the zone. In Niger Republic, a total of 339 farmers (329 men and 119 women) demonstration plots were established in Maradi and Zinder regions. The average yield for the improved varieties was 1085 kg per ha, compared to 700 kg per ha obtained from the farmers’ local variety. In Tanzania, 28 demonstrations plots were established in 6 villages in the study districts. In Mozambique, 1775 on-farm demonstration plots have been established across 16 communities in Nampula province to popularize and promote promising IITA cowpea lines. In Mali, 265 demonstrations plots were established in the project areas where average yields of 800kg per ha was reported. Progress in midseason evaluation and farmer field-days As part of activities to popularize the improved varieties, farmer field days were held in all five countries to demonstrate to large numbers of farmers, other stakeholders and the general public the performances of the improved varieties available. Over 45 mid-season evaluations and field days were held in Nigeria over the three seasons. Feedback from the mid-season evaluations and field days was given to cowpea breeders to guide them in the breeding program. In Mali, 11 field days/mid-season evaluation was held. Progress in seed dissemination In order to enhance the adoption of improved cowpea varieties, large volumes of cowpea seed were distributed to farmers in small packs of 1 kg mini kits. A total of 8.83 MT of improved cowpea varieties have been distributed to 5790 farmers. In Nigeria, about 6.33 MT of cowpea seed packaged in 1 kg packets have been disseminated to over 4885 (3409 men and 1476 women). This activity was aimed to accelerate the production of improved varieties of cowpea. The seeds were given to farmers as seed diffusion in project areas. 110 Engaging Smallholder Farmers | Tropical Legumes II Project
In Niger, 800 kg of different cowpea seed has been disseminated to farmers as mini kits of 1 kg or 500g. Over 1399 farmers from different districts benefitted from this activity. In Mali, about 5 MT of seed has been distributed to over 2300 farmers in 1 kg packets. In Mozambique, 1.05 MT of improved cowpea varieties have been disseminated to over 545 farmers in different provinces. Progress in market linkage To ensure that seed producers have access to quality/assured Foundation Seeds and market outlet for the sales of their seeds, seed farmers were linked to institutions that have mandate for the crop and other major seed companies, The linkage was aimed to encourage the seed producers to improve and expand seed production as a result of the additional markets outlets In Nigeria, a total of 188.9 MT of Certified Seeds of different cowpea varieties were sold over the last 3 seasons. Of this total, 100 MT was sold in 1, 2 and 10 kg packs to farmers. In Niger Republic, over 93 MT of improved cowpea varieties in small packs were sold through input dealer shops and cooperative stores. In Mali, a total of 31.58 MT of different cowpea seed has been sold over the last 3 seasons. In Mozambique, a total of 50MTof Quality-Assured seed has been sold to farmers. Lessons learned TL II cowpea seed systems Phase 1 lessons are listed below. 1. Building a strong effective partnership for wide spread success: to deliver improved cowpea varieties and production technologies require diverse partners in addition to the usual National Agricultural Research Institutions 2. Complimentary crop management technologies: Complementary crop management practices that contribute to increased yield promoted alongside improved crop varieties are two components to increase productivity. 3. Availability and access to foundation/Certified Seeds, Foundation Seed production remains solely in the hands of the NARS and access to new varieties and initial seed by seed companies or other seed producers remains limited. In addition, the numbers of community seed producers are limited. The schemes should be strengthened and linked to private seed companies. Collaboration with private seed companies should also be strengthened. 4. A small pack marketing approach has the potential to reach hundreds of thousands of farmers, quickly. In both Nigeria and Niger, the sale of small packs has reached men and women farmers, and expanded the use of Certified Seed. It has also given farmers the opportunity to experiment new varieties - at minimum risk. The small-pack model has already spread to other crops. 5. Monitoring and evaluation have been crucial for understanding project opportunity and constraints. Considerable energy was expended to develop and put in place for the Integrated Performance Monitoring and Evaluation (IPME) processes of the project and such start-up efforts should not be underestimated. IPME has also delivered quickly—especially in identifying some of the opportunities and weakness of the project. (Footnotes) 1 Including germplasm lines Progress of Phase 1 111
Page 1 and 2:
Tropical Legumes II Project TROPICA
Page 3:
TROPICAL LEGUMES II Tropical Legume
Page 6 and 7:
Seed Production and Delivery System
Page 8 and 9:
Enhancing Pigeonpea Productivity an
Page 10 and 11:
NARES NASFAM NASSPA NPT NSC NSO NSS
Page 12 and 13:
TL II was implemented in 10 target
Page 14 and 15:
country governments in agricultural
Page 16 and 17:
Table 1-2: continued Variety code (
Page 18 and 19:
Table 1-3: Seed production and deli
Page 20 and 21:
As stated earlier in this chapter,
Page 22 and 23:
Table 1-5: Graduate degree students
Page 24 and 25:
Ndjeunga J, Ibro A, Cisse Y, Ben Ah
Page 26 and 27:
Project background Groundnut is one
Page 28 and 29:
Table 2-2: Performance of ICGV 0035
Page 30 and 31:
Table 2-6: Performance of ICGV 9111
Page 32 and 33:
Table 2-11: Results of 255 paired c
Page 34 and 35:
Table 2-16: Groundnut seed of vario
Page 36 and 37:
Infrastructure facilities For effic
Page 38 and 39:
Project sites Tamil Nadu The presen
Page 40 and 41:
In Karnataka, the PDKV model was pr
Page 42 and 43:
Training course A total of four tra
Page 44 and 45:
Background The yield of groundnut i
Page 46 and 47:
Table 3-2: Groundnut production tre
Page 48 and 49:
In order of importance, the largest
Page 50 and 51:
Table 3-5: Results of pair-wise com
Page 52 and 53:
Finally, the variety choices are co
Page 54 and 55:
hybridization techniques, design of
Page 56 and 57:
Figure 3-2: The Malawi model of the
Page 58 and 59:
Tanzania TL II has contributed to t
Page 60 and 61:
Annex 3-2: Performance of Virginia
Page 62 and 63:
Annex 3-4: Regional elite groundnut
Page 64 and 65:
54 Engaging Smallholder Farmers | T
Page 66 and 67:
The European Union still remains th
Page 68 and 69:
Table 4-2: Proportion of households
Page 70 and 71: Table 4-4: Amount requested, amount
Page 72 and 73: Table 4-6. Comparison of groundnut
Page 74 and 75: The use of other inputs (credit, in
Page 76 and 77: A PVS evaluation was launched in pi
Page 78 and 79: Table 4-10: Locations and contact f
Page 80 and 81: Table 4-11: Mean pod yield (kg per
Page 82 and 83: 99511 (Table 4-12). Most important
Page 84 and 85: Table 4-15: Evaluation of groundnut
Page 86 and 87: A 10-day intensive training worksho
Page 88 and 89: Seed production of all classes A to
Page 90 and 91: Testing seed marketing strategies A
Page 92 and 93: as Nigeria that will face the great
Page 94 and 95: 100 Million hectares 80 60 40 20 0
Page 96 and 97: 70 73 76 79 82 85 88 91 94 97 00 03
Page 98 and 99: In Niger, changes in cowpea product
Page 100 and 101: irregular rainfall early in the cro
Page 102 and 103: Table 5-4: Cowpea breeding lines se
Page 104 and 105: Cowpea varieties released The proje
Page 106 and 107: Table 5-8: Number of days to flower
Page 108 and 109: Evaluation for phosphorus-use effic
Page 110 and 111: Figure 5-8: Reactions of some culti
Page 112 and 113: ASS6 ASS64 ASS110 ASS56 Figure 5-9:
Page 114 and 115: Figure 5-10: Meeting of farmers’
Page 116 and 117: The best approach to spread the imp
Page 118 and 119: declining soil fertility, increasin
Page 122 and 123: 112 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
Page 124 and 125: Phase I Social Sciences research in
Page 126 and 127: The consequences are that the impro
Page 128 and 129: about half of area share of land al
Page 130 and 131: Figure 6-3: Average area (ha) per h
Page 132 and 133: single lingering bottleneck on whic
Page 134 and 135: In Kenya, the small seed pack appro
Page 136 and 137: Summary, process gains and people r
Page 138 and 139: Fast-Tracking and Technology Genera
Page 140 and 141: Figure 6-6: Distribution of PVS sit
Page 142 and 143: Table 6-12: Yields of fast track bu
Page 144 and 145: Table 6-15: Farmer evaluation of in
Page 146 and 147: While the fast track entries were r
Page 148 and 149: Technology generation Mechanistic s
Page 150 and 151: 60 50 Rainfall Pan evaporation Maxi
Page 152 and 153: Table 6-22: Yield under drought ind
Page 154 and 155: Number of degree training students
Page 156 and 157: Number of NARS technicians trained
Page 158 and 159: Rain-out shelter in CIAT-Colombia T
Page 160 and 161: Impact assessment and enhancement P
Page 162 and 163: Annex 6-2: TL IIEthiopia: decentral
Page 164 and 165: 154 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
Page 166 and 167: farmers for enhancing their awarene
Page 168 and 169: • Designing, testing and implemen
Page 170 and 171:
Andhra Pradesh The overall sample s
Page 172 and 173:
Prakasam district: Crops grown in P
Page 174 and 175:
Constraints in adoption of chickpea
Page 176 and 177:
Cost-benefit analysis for chickpea
Page 178 and 179:
Identification of farmer-and-market
Page 180 and 181:
Table 7-6: Breeder Seed of differen
Page 182 and 183:
Capacity building Knowledge empower
Page 184 and 185:
Table 7-15: Training of local seed
Page 186 and 187:
• In addition to yield, maturity
Page 188 and 189:
Introduction Chickpea is grown in E
Page 190 and 191:
Chickpea seed access The first majo
Page 192 and 193:
Grades and standards About 75% of t
Page 194 and 195:
Table 8-6: Varieties used in PVS tr
Page 196 and 197:
private sector lacks the incentive
Page 198 and 199:
• LZARDI-Ukiriguru: Land along wi
Page 200 and 201:
• Establishing functional legume
Page 202 and 203:
Table 9-1: Farmers’ preferred var
Page 204 and 205:
Table 9-3: Baby trials conducted in
Page 206 and 207:
Table 9-5: Reaction of pigeonpea li
Page 208 and 209:
TL II focuses on farmer-participato
Page 210 and 211:
Production of Breeder, Foundation,
Page 212 and 213:
Mahaboobnagar and Ranga Reddy distr
Page 214 and 215:
(Table 9-9 Continued) Particular To
Page 216 and 217:
Chichewa) and Tanzania (Swahili). O
Page 218 and 219:
Available technologies Although imp
Page 220 and 221:
and Chitedze in Malawi showed that
Page 222 and 223:
Table 10-6: Various classes of qual
Page 224 and 225:
Awareness activities Farmers’ fie
Page 226 and 227:
Annex 10-1: Target locations for pi
Page 228 and 229:
Adoption studies Adoption studies f
Page 230 and 231:
3.5 Yields (Tonnes/hectare) 3.0 2.5
Page 232 and 233:
Table 11-1: Preferred soybean trait
Page 234 and 235:
The up-scaling program signals the
Page 236 and 237:
Across districts, TGx 1740-2F out-y
Page 238 and 239:
Table 11-9: Communities and famers
Page 240 and 241:
Table 11-14 Average performance of
Page 242 and 243:
Table 11-15: Release notes of the t
Page 244 and 245:
In Nigeria, across locations mean p
Page 246 and 247:
Table 11-21: Grain yield (kg per ha
Page 248 and 249:
Progress in selection of Bradyrhizo
Page 250 and 251:
the major soybean producing localit
Page 252 and 253:
Seed Production and Delivery System
Page 254 and 255:
Table 11-29: Quantity (MT) of Found
Page 256 and 257:
utilization and marketing. In Niger
Page 258 and 259:
Annex 11-2: Tobit Model estimate of
Page 260:
250 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
show all

Four Seasons of Learning and Engaging Smallholder Farmers - icrisat

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?