Four Seasons of Learning and Engaging Smallholder Farmers - icrisat

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utilization and marketing. In Nigeria a total of 567 farmers and 37 extension agents have been trained in seed production technology, and agronomic practices, segregation, standard, processing, storage and marketing. A total of 230 farmers and 120 extension agents have been trained in Kenya on seed production technology and management practices of which 26% were women. In Mozambique, 482 farmers and 40 extension agents have been trained. Lessons learned TL II soybean seed systems Phase 1 lessons are listed below. 1. Building a strong effective partnership for widespread success: to deliver improved soybean varieties and production technologies require diverse partners in addition to the usual National Agricultural Research Institutions; 2. Complementary crop management technologies: Complementary crop management practices that contribute to increased yield promoted alongside improved crop varieties are two components to increase productivity; 3. A small pack marketing approach has the potential to reach hundreds of thousands of farmers, quickly. In both Nigeria and Niger, the sale of small packs has reached men and women farmers, and expanded the use of Certified Seed. It has also given farmers the opportunity to experiment new varieties at minimum risk. The small-pack model has already spread to other crops; 4. Monitoring and evaluation have been crucial for understanding project opportunity and constraints. Considerable energy was expended to develop and put in place for the Integrated Performance Monitoring and Evaluation (IPME) processes of the project and such start-up efforts should not be underestimated. IPME has also delivered quickly—especially in identifying some of the opportunities and weakness of the project; 5. Milestones achieved varied among countries due to limited human capacity and resources and commitment of partners; and 6. Four key factors, all concerning capacity building, played a significant role in TL II’s success. These included the development of strong partnerships, sometimes now referred to as innovation platforms, the use of participatory approaches, the strengthening of communitybased organizations, and the use of research knowledge. TL II promoted linkages and created a strong partnership between stakeholders. The project worked closely with State ADPs, providing training in PREA, as well as new agricultural technologies and management practices. This was undertaken in ways which reinforced each other based on the principles that people learn from practical experience and better from their peers. 246 Engaging Smallholder Farmers | Tropical Legumes II Project
Annex 11-1: Probit Model Estimate of Factors Affecting Farmers Adoption of Improved Soybean Varieties in Nigeria Participation in the TL11 (STATUS) Use of improved soybean varieties (Impvar) Variables Coefficients Coefficients Marginal effect (dy/dx) Lage -0.129* -2.043*** -0.138 (0.070) (0.621) Sex a 0.238* -0.911** -0.046 (0.146) (0.410) Educ2 -0.295** (0.140) Educ3 a -0.449 -0.038 (0.414) Mstatus 0.132 (0.171) Fexp -0.002 (0.006) Contact 0.398** (0.169) Infva a -0.253 2.767*** 0.468 (0.161) (0.592) SeedCollab 1.089*** (0.191) Contfreq3 a -1.022* -0.132 (0.629) Soybexp 0.035** 0.002 (0.017) Vabuy a -2.124*** -0.253 (0.500) Inverse Mills ratio -1.745*** -0.118 (0.647) _cons 10.139*** (2.630) Number of observations 400 185 Log likelihood -237.23417 -41.187935 (ª) dy/dx is for discrete change of dummy variable from 0 to 1 *=p
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Tropical Legumes II Project TROPICA
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TROPICAL LEGUMES II Tropical Legume
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Seed Production and Delivery System
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Enhancing Pigeonpea Productivity an
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NARES NASFAM NASSPA NPT NSC NSO NSS
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TL II was implemented in 10 target
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country governments in agricultural
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Table 1-2: continued Variety code (
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Table 1-3: Seed production and deli
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As stated earlier in this chapter,
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Table 1-5: Graduate degree students
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Ndjeunga J, Ibro A, Cisse Y, Ben Ah
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Project background Groundnut is one
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Table 2-2: Performance of ICGV 0035
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Table 2-6: Performance of ICGV 9111
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Table 2-11: Results of 255 paired c
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Table 2-16: Groundnut seed of vario
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Infrastructure facilities For effic
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Project sites Tamil Nadu The presen
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In Karnataka, the PDKV model was pr
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Training course A total of four tra
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Background The yield of groundnut i
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Table 3-2: Groundnut production tre
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In order of importance, the largest
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Table 3-5: Results of pair-wise com
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Finally, the variety choices are co
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hybridization techniques, design of
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Figure 3-2: The Malawi model of the
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Tanzania TL II has contributed to t
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Annex 3-2: Performance of Virginia
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Annex 3-4: Regional elite groundnut
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54 Engaging Smallholder Farmers | T
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The European Union still remains th
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Table 4-2: Proportion of households
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Table 4-4: Amount requested, amount
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Table 4-6. Comparison of groundnut
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The use of other inputs (credit, in
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A PVS evaluation was launched in pi
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Table 4-10: Locations and contact f
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Table 4-11: Mean pod yield (kg per
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99511 (Table 4-12). Most important
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Table 4-15: Evaluation of groundnut
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A 10-day intensive training worksho
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Seed production of all classes A to
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Testing seed marketing strategies A
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as Nigeria that will face the great
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100 Million hectares 80 60 40 20 0
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70 73 76 79 82 85 88 91 94 97 00 03
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In Niger, changes in cowpea product
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irregular rainfall early in the cro
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Table 5-4: Cowpea breeding lines se
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Cowpea varieties released The proje
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Table 5-8: Number of days to flower
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Evaluation for phosphorus-use effic
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Figure 5-8: Reactions of some culti
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ASS6 ASS64 ASS110 ASS56 Figure 5-9:
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Figure 5-10: Meeting of farmers’
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The best approach to spread the imp
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declining soil fertility, increasin
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In Nigeria, the small seed pack app
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112 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
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Phase I Social Sciences research in
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The consequences are that the impro
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about half of area share of land al
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Figure 6-3: Average area (ha) per h
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single lingering bottleneck on whic
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In Kenya, the small seed pack appro
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Summary, process gains and people r
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Fast-Tracking and Technology Genera
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Figure 6-6: Distribution of PVS sit
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Table 6-12: Yields of fast track bu
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Table 6-15: Farmer evaluation of in
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While the fast track entries were r
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Technology generation Mechanistic s
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60 50 Rainfall Pan evaporation Maxi
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Table 6-22: Yield under drought ind
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Number of degree training students
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Number of NARS technicians trained
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Rain-out shelter in CIAT-Colombia T
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Impact assessment and enhancement P
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Annex 6-2: TL IIEthiopia: decentral
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154 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
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farmers for enhancing their awarene
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• Designing, testing and implemen
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Andhra Pradesh The overall sample s
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Prakasam district: Crops grown in P
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Constraints in adoption of chickpea
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Cost-benefit analysis for chickpea
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Identification of farmer-and-market
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Table 7-6: Breeder Seed of differen
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Capacity building Knowledge empower
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Table 7-15: Training of local seed
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• In addition to yield, maturity
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Introduction Chickpea is grown in E
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Chickpea seed access The first majo
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Grades and standards About 75% of t
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Table 8-6: Varieties used in PVS tr
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private sector lacks the incentive
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• LZARDI-Ukiriguru: Land along wi
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• Establishing functional legume
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Table 9-1: Farmers’ preferred var
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Table 9-3: Baby trials conducted in
Page 206 and 207: Table 9-5: Reaction of pigeonpea li
Page 208 and 209: TL II focuses on farmer-participato
Page 210 and 211: Production of Breeder, Foundation,
Page 212 and 213: Mahaboobnagar and Ranga Reddy distr
Page 214 and 215: (Table 9-9 Continued) Particular To
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Page 218 and 219: Available technologies Although imp
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Page 222 and 223: Table 10-6: Various classes of qual
Page 224 and 225: Awareness activities Farmers’ fie
Page 226 and 227: Annex 10-1: Target locations for pi
Page 228 and 229: Adoption studies Adoption studies f
Page 230 and 231: 3.5 Yields (Tonnes/hectare) 3.0 2.5
Page 232 and 233: Table 11-1: Preferred soybean trait
Page 234 and 235: The up-scaling program signals the
Page 236 and 237: Across districts, TGx 1740-2F out-y
Page 238 and 239: Table 11-9: Communities and famers
Page 240 and 241: Table 11-14 Average performance of
Page 242 and 243: Table 11-15: Release notes of the t
Page 244 and 245: In Nigeria, across locations mean p
Page 246 and 247: Table 11-21: Grain yield (kg per ha
Page 248 and 249: Progress in selection of Bradyrhizo
Page 250 and 251: the major soybean producing localit
Page 252 and 253: Seed Production and Delivery System
Page 254 and 255: Table 11-29: Quantity (MT) of Found
Page 258 and 259: Annex 11-2: Tobit Model estimate of
Page 260: 250 Engaging Smallholder Farmers |
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