Four Seasons of Learning and Engaging Smallholder Farmers - icrisat
Four Seasons of Learning and Engaging Smallholder Farmers - icrisat
Four Seasons of Learning and Engaging Smallholder Farmers - icrisat
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Preferred traits in chickpea varieties<br />
Andhra Pradesh<br />
In Kurnool district <strong>of</strong> Andhra Pradesh, Annigeri variety is preferred with high yield (63.44%), drought<br />
resistance (48.9%), short duration (45.73%) <strong>and</strong> pest resistance (41.32%). Prakasam farmers also<br />
preferred high yield (68.71%), short duration (58.59%), drought resistance (54.7%) <strong>and</strong> pest resistance<br />
(40.89%) for Annigeri. Clarifying their trait preferences for specific varieties: for JG -11 variety in Kurnool<br />
district, short duration (70.75%) was the first preferred trait, high yield (61.2%) <strong>and</strong> drought resistance<br />
(51.86%) were the next preferences. Kurnool farmers also responded for KAK 2 variety that high yield,<br />
(70%) <strong>and</strong> disease resistance (50%) were first <strong>and</strong> second preferences. In Prakasam district, the traits<br />
preferred (which characterized JG 11 variety) were high yield (67.5%), short duration (62.8%), drought<br />
resistance (51.1%) <strong>and</strong> pest resistance(39.2%). Similarly KAK 2 variety was preferred with traits such as<br />
high yield (66.97%), short duration (59%), drought resistance (49.35%) <strong>and</strong> pest resistance (43.23%)<br />
by the Prakasam district farmers.<br />
Karnataka<br />
High yielding performance (93%) was the most single preferred trait across all study situations (districtarea-variety<br />
combinations), with the lone exception <strong>of</strong> Bhima in Dharwad-adopted village situation,<br />
where pest resistance was preferred to high yield. Aside from pest resistance, the other traits mentioned<br />
as desirable were drought resistance, improvement in soil fertility, disease resistance, short duration,<br />
fitting into cropping system <strong>and</strong> more recovery/shelling percentage, in that order, across varieties <strong>and</strong><br />
locations. Among the consumption traits, better taste, high keeping quality <strong>and</strong> less cooking time<br />
were the most preferred ones, in that ranked order, across varieties <strong>and</strong> locations. The preference for<br />
fodder traits elicited from the farmers indicated that more fodder quantity, more durability <strong>of</strong> fodder <strong>and</strong><br />
palatability (quality/taste) were ranked in order <strong>of</strong> priority across locations <strong>and</strong> varieties.<br />
Gender roles in chickpea cultivation<br />
Andhra Pradesh<br />
It has been observed that men perform activities like l<strong>and</strong> preparation, field cleaning, chemical<br />
fertilization, mechanical weeding <strong>and</strong> plant protection measures. The activities performed mainly<br />
by women are field cleaning 6.67% <strong>and</strong> 7.78%, h<strong>and</strong> weeding 43% <strong>and</strong> 54%, harvesting 7.78%<br />
<strong>and</strong> 23.33% in Kurnool <strong>and</strong> Prakasam districts, respectively. Major activities performed by both men<br />
<strong>and</strong> women together are sowing the seed, field cleaning, fertilizer application, fodder harvesting <strong>and</strong><br />
intercultural operations. The harvesting <strong>of</strong> main crop is done by both men <strong>and</strong> women together as per<br />
67% to 68% <strong>of</strong> the respondents’ opinion. Threshing is also done by both men <strong>and</strong> women jointly.<br />
Karnataka<br />
The major activities performed by men in the adopted <strong>and</strong> control areas <strong>of</strong> both the districts were<br />
selection <strong>of</strong> crop <strong>and</strong> variety (85.56% each), followed by transport <strong>of</strong> grain <strong>and</strong> l<strong>and</strong> preparation (more<br />
than 70% each), storage <strong>of</strong> produce (67.78%), plant protection measures (65.19%) <strong>and</strong> assistance in<br />
the field cleaning operations (58.52%). The role <strong>of</strong> women was very conspicuous in h<strong>and</strong> weeding<br />
as expressed by nearly 18.15% <strong>of</strong> them in both the districts, followed by fodder harvesting <strong>and</strong> seed<br />
treatment in Dharwad district <strong>and</strong> only seed treatment in Gulbarga district. However, men had a meager<br />
role (25% to 33%) in the activities like seed selection, storage <strong>and</strong> its treatment, watch <strong>and</strong> ward,<br />
harvesting <strong>of</strong> fodder <strong>and</strong> main crop, stacking fodder <strong>and</strong> h<strong>and</strong> weeding. It was observed that a majority<br />
<strong>of</strong> the farm related activities were performed by men <strong>and</strong> women jointly. Harvesting <strong>of</strong> main crop was<br />
done jointly as expressed by a majority <strong>of</strong> the farmers (70.74%), followed by h<strong>and</strong> weeding (66.30%),<br />
harvesting <strong>of</strong> fodder (61.11%), sowing <strong>of</strong> seed (55.19%, intercultural /mechanical weeding (55.19%),<br />
threshing (52.96%) <strong>and</strong> application <strong>of</strong> chemical fertilizer (52.22%).<br />
Progress <strong>of</strong> Phase 1<br />
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