Four Seasons of Learning and Engaging Smallholder Farmers - icrisat
Four Seasons of Learning and Engaging Smallholder Farmers - icrisat
Four Seasons of Learning and Engaging Smallholder Farmers - icrisat
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The European Union still remains the major importer <strong>of</strong> oil, cakes <strong>and</strong> confectionery groundnut. France<br />
is the lead oil importer accounting for 23% <strong>of</strong> world oil imports followed by Italy 17% <strong>and</strong> the USA,<br />
14%. As for cakes, China is major importer <strong>of</strong> groundnut cakes accounting for 35% <strong>of</strong> world imports,<br />
followed by France 16% <strong>and</strong> Thail<strong>and</strong>, 11%. West <strong>and</strong> Central Africa are importing slightly more cakes.<br />
Whereas in 1961-65, there were no imports, this is increased to 2.54% <strong>of</strong> world imports.<br />
While imports from other oil seeds such as soybean oils have quadrupled (4.85% to 16.31%) in WCA,<br />
palm oil significantly decreased from 48% to 28% <strong>of</strong> Africa’s imports. The supply <strong>of</strong> palm oil has almost<br />
doubled while prices <strong>of</strong> these two oil seeds are about half groundnut oil price in the global market,<br />
making it less competitive. However, since 1984, groundnut production in WCA has been increasing<br />
by about 4.60%, annually mainly due to area expansion. Senegal <strong>and</strong> Nigeria remain among the<br />
largest world groundnut producers. Groundnut still remains a major source <strong>of</strong> employment, income<br />
<strong>and</strong> foreign exchange in many WCA countries. Therefore, there is a need to reassess market prospects<br />
<strong>and</strong> highlight opportunities for the region to regain its market share.<br />
Competitiveness <strong>of</strong> WCA groundnut in the domestic, regional <strong>and</strong> international markets has been limited<br />
by the low productivity, aflatoxin regulations, <strong>and</strong> stricter grades <strong>and</strong> st<strong>and</strong>ards in addition to trade<br />
distortions caused by two largest developing countries, India <strong>and</strong> China. Relative prices <strong>of</strong> groundnut<br />
oils are higher in the international markets making these products less competitive compared to oil<br />
palms, cotton oil <strong>and</strong> other oil fruits. There are market niches for confectionery groundnut. Access<br />
to this market would require knowledge <strong>of</strong> market requirements, especially EU markets. To regain its<br />
competitiveness, groundnut productivity <strong>and</strong> production have to increase significantly, technologies to<br />
reduce aflatoxin contamination have to be promoted <strong>and</strong> grades <strong>and</strong> st<strong>and</strong>ards established.<br />
Baseline surveys in project countries<br />
Three baseline studies were carried out in program <strong>and</strong> non-program sites in Mali, Niger <strong>and</strong> Nigeria<br />
where the TL II project started its activities in 2007. These regions encompassed the Sahelian <strong>and</strong><br />
Sudanian-savanna zones (Figure 4-1).<br />
Figure 4-1: Selected villages for the baseline studies in Mali, Niger <strong>and</strong> Nigeria in 2007/08.<br />
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<strong>Engaging</strong> <strong>Smallholder</strong> <strong>Farmers</strong> | Tropical Legumes II Project