Preface - kmutt

KMUTT Annual Research Abstracts 2005
salinity in the gulf and to facilitate the study of
the environmental impact related to energy use
(i.e. gas and oil spill) and human activities in
coastal areas. In order to produce grided fields of
data for use in the model, the interpolation
methods are used. The methods that interpolate
the data used in this study are cubic spline and
bilinear interpolations are described. Data in the
interior grid points are interpolated by the
bilinear interpolation method while data at the
boundary have to be specified by cubic spline
interpolation. The interpolation methods have
been implemented for the observed data in three
datasets. One is the topography, the second is
wind velocities, and the third consists of
monthly mean temperature and salinity, which is
arranged for standard depths. Interpolation for
density data is usually calculated from
interpolated temperature and salinity data. A few
results for this region are presented.
IC-234 CARBON MONOXIDE EMISSION AND
DISPERSION MODELS FOR CHIANG MAI
URBAN AREA
Surachai Sathikunarat, Meigen Zhang,
Rudklao Pan-aram, Prungchan Wongwises
Scientific Assembly of The International
Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric
Sciences of The International Union of Geodesy
and Geophysics (IAMAS 2005), August 2-11,
2005, Beijing, China.
Chiang Mai is the most important
province for the regional administration,
business and finance, education, medical,
industry, and especially tourist industry of the
northern region of Thailand. Its economic
growth rate was higher than other provinces in
the same region. The economic growth affects to
the expansion of economic sector and size of the
urban area as same as the other major cities of
the country. Consequently, Chiang Mai is facing
the environmental problems, in order to prevent
the permanent environmental deterioration
which caused by the economic growth, this
study is the part of the effort to protect the
Chiang Mai’s environment which concentrate on
the investigation of air pollution condition in
order to bring out the appropriate environmental
management. The study was found that the
source of air pollutant can be divided into 3
sources which consist of line source, point
source, and area source. According to the
number and spatial distribution, the line sources
157
include heavy traveled roadway facilities that
the pollutant was emitted from the combustion
of conventional fuel in internal combustion
engine. The point sources characterized
pollutant emission from fuel combustion
facilities which were crematorium and medical
waste incinerator. Besides, the others were
considered as the area sources such as forest fire,
open burning, fuel consumption by population,
airport, railway station etc. The result showed
that the heavy traffic (line source) during traffic
rush hour contributed Carbon Monoxide (CO)
which higher than the other sources. The portion
of CO from the traffic condition was
approximately 90 percent. In order to study in
detail, TRANsport PLANning model
(TRANPLAN) was adopted for predicting traffic
volume and speed in the roadway of Chiang Mai
urban area. The CO emission rate was estimated
by Mobile Thai model which based on the US
EPA’s Mobile 4 model. Furthermore, CO
dispersion and concentration were calculated by
using Regional Atmospheric Modeling System
(RAMS) and HYbrid Particle And
Concentration Transport model (HYPACT).
Grid Analysis and Display System (GrADS) was
applied for displaying the CO dispersion. The
results of CO concentration compare with the
observed air quality data set which was found
that the predicted CO concentration was over
estimated.
IC-235 EMISSION AND DIFFUSION OF
CARBON MONOXIDE FROM
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IN
CHIANG MAI URBAN AREA, THAILAND
Surachai Sathikunarat, Meigen Zhang,
Rudklao Pan-aram, Prungchan Wongwises
The 14 th International Symposium Transport and
Air Pollution, June 1-3, 2005, Graz, Austria,
pp. 331-340
Traffic congestion is a major problem in
Bangkok, the capital of Thailand, in addition
Chiang Mai seems face this problem. This
problem induces others sub-problem. One of
them is environmental problems which air
pollution has been received the highest attention.
Pollution Control Department [PCD] monitored
air quality in 10 provinces and found that almost
of the pollutants are within standard except
Carbon Monoxide [CO]. Therefore, an important
toxic gas is CO that its concentration is difficult
to measure in practice due to the lack of
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