Download - Academy Publisher

More documents

Recommendations

Info

semantic model way so as to alleviate the pressure of application processing date. B. XML Semantics It is known that XML semantics is semantic information in XML document. As to information description, it is ideal to describe all information with same syntax. As an effective way to share the data among applications or machines, XML makes it possible to put data with different types into same format. While, the understanding to XML semantics is different in different fields, among which, three such understandings have solved different problems of XML. 1) Mapping to UML: Mapping XML document to XML diagram as its semantics. MDL (Meaning Definition Language) [8] is such a kind of language, which chooses XML nodal points with Xpath expression words and maps the points to UML object, attribute and relation. While, XML data binding is a technique to map XML document OO of object model. 2)Basing on format semantic way of procedure language: XML semantics can be defined format semantic way of procedure language, for example, W3C[9] standard defines Xpath and Xquery operation semantics with judge and inference rule; Wadler [10] describes model semantic of Xpath and XSLT with traditional referring semantics; Yang[l1]describes Xpath semantics with formalizing standard language of Object- Z. 3)Basing on attribute grammar: Finding the similarity between XML marked document and character string generated from BNF grammar, Psaila & Crespi- Reghizzi[l2] put forward a way to transfer DTD element description to formal EBNF rule and Semantics rule definition (SRD) and gives an algorithm to calculate XML relation semantics of the rule definition. After that, Havasi[13] further advanced a new semantic rule congregation and expression language of semantic rule meta-language (SRML), which extend XML. Attribute grammar checks semantic consistency by examining and evaluating attribute value. III.XML IMPLICIT SEMANTICS Though having been the base of web technique framework, with its application in data exchange and application congregation, XML is more and more known for its important shortage: expression only in data grammar, not in formalizing semantics. Basic XML idea: data in XML document is described by labels in a meaningful and self-description way, especially label names selected by experts [14]. The label reflects common recognition. For example, label of means the age which can be inferred that data marked on the label refers to age. However, XML including DTD or XML Schema does not give formalizing system to explain what the label mean which results in XML processor’s failure to understand what label mean in XML document. In fact, there is no difference in the meaning between label and HTML label . That means XML shows grammar rather than formalizing semantics. While, XML label and XML document framework contain some meaning, the label means something to human beings, just like XML fragment: Computer Network Compulsor expresses rich semantic information as follows: a lecturer named “David Kevin” teaches a compulsory course of “computer network”. The nest between nodal points of lecturer and course shows a relation of professor. Semantic information in XML document is called as XML semantics [2]. XML semantics is expressed by document framework and label such as element nest and nest adjacency, and XML attribute. It is worthy to mention, there is no corresponding rules to bind XML ’s semantic expression way, so XML implicit semantic expression ways are diverse with irregular formats, such as nest and adjacency of node, and detailed meaning of node order. So it is difficulty to automatically analyse and extract relevant semantic information from XML document. IV.XML IMPLICIT SEMANTIC EXPRESSION MODEL In fact, XML is designed to be a unified data format and not suitable to show concept modal, which including concept, attribute and their relation. However, when users express data to XML document, data semantic information has been in label and framework of XML document such as element nest and adjacency, XML attribute nodal order and ID / IDREF. But it is impossible for the machine to understand semantic information; furthermore, most semantic information has been lost. However, XML has visual semantics; there is some meaning in the label which means something to human beings. In addition, XML document framework also mean something and XML semantics is impliedly expressed in XML document. XML has rich semantic information and diversified semantic expression ways, generally including word, individual, and data attribute and object attribute of OWL DL. A. Expressions of words In XML, word is generally showed by the value of text node and XML attribute. If data pattern defined in XML Schema, it corresponds to OWL pattern word. But element sometimes can be expressed into character, say as data attribute value, while these elements owns no attributive node. For example, an XML document to show students’ scores. 16
If we define element of student as an object, it not only has such attributes as name, score and student number, also contains attributes of course name, and name of element history is the value of course name attribute. In this situation, this element shows a king of character, its equivalent XML can be expressed as: B. Expressions of Conditional Semantic XML semantic expression is probable to have conditions which means if only satisfying certain condition, this element can express an example in some class or some attribute. The condition may be diverse, may be about attribute value or element character value, or about document framework, for example, some sub element is a must. For example: Among which, attribute of coltype is used to choose subclass of the college, object expressed by element college is sub-class practical example decided by the value of attribute of coltype. XML data attribute expression is probable to be conditional. For example, Among which, data attribute in element of Cigarette Property depends on the value of property Name node. Similarly, the expression of object attribute may be conditional. C.Expressions of Others In XML, document order contains important meaning; for example, in one language with XML to show structural data, nodes in the same name has different meaning in different positions. For example, a XML fragment expressing individual normal form [18] China Zhou Xiaqing 605 East Road Among which, the first string fragment expresses attribute of state, and the second attribute of name. Besides, XML element may be divided into groups according to the attribute. Like: V.CONCLUSIONS This paper introduces the concept of semantics, then analyzes semantic expression way in the computer science and shows XML semantics is implicit, failure to express formalizing semantics. Finally, a model to express XML implicit semantics is put forward. Because the aim of XML Schema and DTD is to constraint XML document framework, and label and structure in XML document are not always just corresponding to the object and attribute. In addition, same XML structure may have many semantic explanations, such as nest structure, while XML Schema and DTD cannot distinct the possibilities clearly. As a result, to get the semantics automatically from XML document, XML Schema designers must be supposed to follow the thought of knowledge expression, designing XML document format in a normative way. Nevertheless, due to the diversity of XML implicit semantic expression way, this suppose seldom meets, which makes it very difficulty to get semantics automatically from XML document, so the further study in the future is necessary. REFERENCES [1] Tim Bray, Jean Paoli, C. M. Sperberg-Mc(aueen, and Eve Maler. Extensible markup language (xml) 1.0 (second edition) w3c recommendation, 6 October 2000 [2] Liu SP, Lin ZQ, Mei J, Yue AB. A model-theoretic semantics for XML. Journal of Software, 2006,17(5):1089- 1097.. [3] Uschold M. Where are the semantics in the semantic Web. AI Magazine, 2003,24(3):25-36. [4] Berners-Lee T, Handler J, Lassila O. The semantic Web. Scientific American, 2001,184(5):34-43. [5] Amit Sheth, Robert Meersman. Amicalola Report: Database and Information Systems research Challenges and Opportunities in Semantic Web and Enterprises. SIGMOD Record Special Issue on Semantic Web, Database Management and Information Systems, December 2002. [6] Stefan Decker, Sergey Melnik, Frank Van Harmelen, Dieter Fensel, Michel Klein, Jeen Broekstra, Michael Erdmann, and Ian Horrocks. The semantic web: The roles of xml and rdf. IEEE Expert, 15(3), October 2000. [7] Michael Uschold. Where are the semantics in the semantic web AI Magazine,24(3):25-36, 2003. [8] Robert Worden. Mdl: a meaning definition language, version 2.06, 2002. [9] Denise Draper, Peter Fankhauser, Mary Fernrdez, Ashok Malhotra, Kristoffer Rose, Michael Rys, Jerome Simeon, and Philip Wadler. Xquery 1.0 and xpath 2.0 formal semantics, w3c working draft 20 February 2004. [10] Philip Wadler. A formal semantics of patterns in xslt and xpath. Markup Languages,2(2):183-202, 2000 17
Page 1 and 2: Proceedings The Second Internationa
Page 3 and 4: Table of Contents Message from the
Page 5 and 6: Zuming Xiao, Zhan Guo, Bin Tan, and
Page 7 and 8: Message from the Symposium Chairs T
Page 9 and 10: Second International Symposium on N
Page 11 and 12: ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 13 and 14: model that can deal with time serie
Page 17 and 18: training for the Wushu competition
Page 21 and 22: information, called weak uncertain
Page 23 and 24: Student side Student side Student s
Page 25: ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 31 and 32: QoS, each frame data is divided int
Page 35 and 36: for Imaging Two and Three Phase Flo
Page 39 and 40: A. Profiling&following control algo
Page 41 and 42: Research and Realization about Conv
Page 43 and 44: PDF document structure is a tree st
Page 47 and 48: support 10 Mb / s. But ENC28J60 onl
Page 51 and 52: condition the first byte output of
Page 55 and 56: According to maximum membership deg
Page 59 and 60: ubber according to the mass ratio o
Page 61 and 62: Ⅲ. AN IMPROVED DNA ALGORITHM FOR
Page 63 and 64: Ⅴ.CONCLUSION REMARKS DNA computer
Page 65 and 66: its first child q 1 on the left, th
Page 67 and 68: chains can greatly improve efficien
Page 69 and 70: II. RELATED WORK A. Mobile Service
Page 71 and 72: special services. SOAP is used to b
Page 73 and 74: detection methods of DDoS attacks m
Page 75 and 76: Step4 calculate the new subordinate
Page 77 and 78:
Figure 1. An analysis of the partit
Page 79 and 80:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 81 and 82:
The preceding three formulas can be
Page 83 and 84:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 85 and 86:
And the decay speed of buffer seque
Page 87 and 88:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 89 and 90:
distance of view point. Given that
Page 91 and 92:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 93 and 94:
Ⅳ. EVALUATION OF BLENDED LEARNING
Page 95 and 96:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 97 and 98:
symmetric with respect to the origi
Page 99 and 100:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 101 and 102:
each sample belongs to each categor
Page 103 and 104:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 105 and 106:
A. Data Preparing To generate our t
Page 107 and 108:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 109 and 110:
oth α and β . determination of Qu
Page 111 and 112:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 113 and 114:
Strong earthquake 0.1< M L
Page 115 and 116:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 117 and 118:
indirect causes, and the logical re
Page 119 and 120:
egression. Granger causality test i
Page 121 and 122:
B. Evaluation We have evaluated thi
Page 123 and 124:
used as a source and neighboring ce
Page 125 and 126:
Figure 3. Drainage networks generat
Page 127 and 128:
Combinational logic unit failures i
Page 129 and 130:
Tabal.1 Combinational fault logic t
Page 131 and 132:
under the endorsement of both the m
Page 133 and 134:
TABLE I. DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSITION
Page 135 and 136:
Figure 2. The process of the invers
Page 137 and 138:
Figure 9. (a)the original image.(b)
Page 139 and 140:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 141 and 142:
In order to reduce to the number of
Page 143 and 144:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 145 and 146:
that studying being going to be to
Page 147 and 148:
Reference[10] analyzed the evolutio
Page 149 and 150:
module, communication module, apper
Page 151 and 152:
After the comprehensive performance
Page 153 and 154:
system testing can be seen that the
Page 155 and 156:
III. AUTONOMIC RESOURCE ALLOCATION
Page 157 and 158:
The QoE i (T i ) is the ith user’
Page 159 and 160:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 161 and 162:
nodes will be formed one cluster, t
Page 163 and 164:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 165 and 166:
Where n is the number of data point
Page 167 and 168:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 169 and 170:
Keyboard event Application User mod
Page 171 and 172:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 173 and 174:
SQL Azure will eventually include a
Page 175 and 176:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 177 and 178:
The nodes in the suffix tree are dr
Page 179 and 180:
[3] Y. Li, S. M. Chung, and J. D. H
Page 181 and 182:
some drilling fluid produces hydrog
Page 183 and 184:
"normalization", whose membership b
Page 185 and 186:
and minimum structural elements in
Page 187 and 188:
esults of the spatial transform par
Page 189 and 190:
B. Research on protocol actions Com
Page 191 and 192:
ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work is funded
Page 193 and 194:
A. Problem Description In a small b
Page 195 and 196:
[4] Huang, Hung, and J. Y. jen Hsu.
Page 197 and 198:
Further by calculating, the followi
Page 199 and 200:
TABLE II. THE CONCENTRATION BETWEEN
Page 201 and 202:
private key that obtained by using
Page 203 and 204:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 205 and 206:
ontology, and the domain dictionary
Page 207 and 208:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 209 and 210:
Eq.4 is NP-hard and can be solved b
Page 211 and 212:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 213 and 214:
Where: G i is the selection field o
Page 215 and 216:
If there is X j in a generation, wh
Page 217 and 218:
Theorem 2.4([10]). Let L 1 and L 2
Page 219 and 220:
The relation between the lattice im
Page 221 and 222:
Figure 2. Example of single-step de
Page 223 and 224:
evocation and the fourth group stor
Page 225 and 226:
focused mainly on rule-based forms
Page 227 and 228:
Ⅵ. CONCLUSION Figure 6. The Flask
Page 229 and 230:
EDCF in comparison with DCF, has so
Page 231 and 232:
B. Simulation results and analysis
Page 233 and 234:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 235 and 236:
in routing table. When search resou
Page 237 and 238:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 239 and 240:
others through the selective emotio
Page 241 and 242:
such as weather information, techno
Page 243 and 244:
the opening window, a related page
Page 245 and 246:
1) Process context storage areas. I
Page 247 and 248:
V. CONCLUSION In this thesis, sCPU-
Page 249 and 250:
main types of horizontal search env
Page 251 and 252:
Enterprise Portal security provides
Page 253 and 254:
() t = [ S () t S () t ] T N S ,...
Page 255 and 256:
[2] Kumaravel, N., and Kavitha, V.,
Page 257 and 258:
output, so BP network has been wide
Page 259 and 260:
input to the artificial neural netw
Page 261 and 262:
(2) In a process (tokens from outsi
Page 263 and 264:
The reduction process consists of t
Page 265 and 266:
all eight normal vectors are identi
Page 267 and 268:
is B object , and the number of emp
Page 269 and 270:
xi, j y' = εα ( (1 + tanh( )) −
Page 271 and 272:
Error 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000
Page 273 and 274:
Architecture (AMBA) a new bus archi
Page 275 and 276:
In order to ensure the smooth proce
Page 277 and 278:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 279 and 280:
In this paper, we adopt two Sobel o
Page 281 and 282:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 283 and 284:
four layers.The far right of the gr
Page 285 and 286:
ISBN 978-952-5726-09-1 (Print) Proc
Page 287 and 288:
TABLE II. OPERATIONAL EMPLOYEE TABL
Page 289 and 290:
A. Object-relational Type To audit
Page 291 and 292:
to execution time. Also, DBA would
Page 293 and 294:
Liping Chen .......................
show all

Download - Academy Publisher

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?