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module, which can be utilized to offer personalized and customized services for special mobile terminal users. When the agent-based middleware receives user request, it will check the memory module to find services and determine the most appropriate services to specific users at first. However, if there are no corresponding services in the memory module, it will go to the service registration server to search and transfer the required services. Ontology Library Module: In order to solve semantic heterogeneity and message parsing, an ontology library is designed in the middleware. Many concepts relating to the function agent are used to describe the multi-agent middleware for transferring services. The main goal of building the module is to shield off the heterogeneities of different operating systems and network communication protocols. External Interface Module: The module takes charge of providing usable APIs for different mobile terminals and different application, in order to assist them to transfer required services in mobile environment. Mobile terminals can utilize the functions in the middleware with different network accessing standard. Moreover, the module is responsible for connecting with the host server to transfer corresponding services and data files. C. Mobile service server In order to ensure services in mobile environment to be discovered and transferred conveniently, we designed and achieved the service framework with SOA (Service- Oriented Architecture) standard. In the framework, services are described to be a set of messages in XML, according to WSDL (Web Services Description Language). At the same time, SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) and UDDI (Universal Description Discovery and Integration) are respectively applied to be corresponding standards for parsing messages and service registration [7]. In this way, service registration, service parsing, service discovery can be conveniently achieved. Mobile terminal Application program Local record management system Agent-based middleware Agent management module Agent memory module Agent reasoning module Message parsing module Ontology library Mobile services server Service discovery module Service parsing module Service registration module Resource database Figure 1. Components in service transferring mode Ⅳ. IMPLEMENTATIONS AND CASE STUDY We decomposed the framework into three main parts to achieve, consisting of mobile terminal design, agentbased middleware achievement and mobile service server. A. Mobile Terminal Application Design In order to achieve platform independence, we choose J2ME to develop the mobile terminal application. For the sake of brevity, we put all codes of the mobile terminal application in one basic executing unit. We also designed favorable graphical user interfaces and basic storage units for terminal users. Considering message sent by agentbased middleware is byte stream, we achieve de-serialize function in the terminal development, in order to ensure the service information to be displayed accurately and clearly, leaving the heavy parsing work and service transferring requirements to the middleware. For the connection between mobile terminals and the agent-based middleware, one HTTP connection is established with the standard communication protocol, and then the service request of terminal users will be sent to the agent middleware. We use socket programming to achieve the asynchronous transfer mode. B. Agent-based Middleware The agent-based middleware is the core component for the service transferring framework. First, we design some agents in the middleware according the function requirement. Besides, we gather many reasoning rules artificially in advance. In order to manage agents effectively, we use Java Agent Development Framework to construct the framework. The main container in JADE is responsible for maintaining the directories of agent identifiers [8]. In the agent manager module, we define a normal Java class to manage agents for mobile service transferring and set up channels for communications among different agents with agent communication language messages. What’s more, we utilize JADE-S to support the message integrity and confidentiality, which is achieved by supporting data signature and encryption on the ACL messages. C. Mobile Service Server For the sake of describing and discovering mobile services conveniently and efficiently, we use the SOA framework to design services. Specifically, all the mobile services are described in WSDL, which describe the functions, necessary parameters and returning value of 60
special services. SOAP is used to be the communication protocol for mobile services. And the parsing of HTTP requests, SOAP messages is implemented in the middleware. Furthermore, UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration) is used to enable service providers to register mobile services and find service. All the services in mobile applications need be registered with the registration server. When users want to make use of these services, they may obtain the registration information and parse the services with the middleware. In order to validate the practicability of the solution, we designed a case to helping mobile terminal users to search logistics information in mobile network. First, one simple service is set up according to the SOA framework. Terminal users can find out cargo and vehicle information between two different places with the service. Certainly, the agent based middleware would take charge of parsing messages and transferring services. In the application process, users determine some querying conditions and submit the query request to the agent middleware, and the middleware is also responsible for passing user requests and transferring corresponding services. Finally, user terminal devices would display the result in an accurate format. In the Fig. 2, terminal users determine some query conditions and click the ‘search’ button to submit the request to the middleware. Fig. 3 shows the query result of user request. Figure 2. User information query Figure 3.Service transferring result V. CONCLUSION In this paper, we introduced a service delivery approach in mobile environment with agent middleware. This framework can enable to deliver the most relevant services to the mobile terminal users conveniently and efficiently, without worrying about the processing abilities of mobile terminal devices. With the combining advantages of agent and middleware technology, the service accessing model proposed in this paper can improve the performance and efficiency of service transferring for mobile terminals. In addition, it can eliminate the issues caused by the diversities of mobile terminal devices with different capabilities and other constraints. In the future we also hope to apply mobile grid technology to add the flexibility of the service delivery framework in mobile environment and integrate some other mobile agent security mechanisms into our framework. ACKNOWLEDGMENT This research is supported by National High-tech R&D Program (863 Program) of China (No.2008AA04Z127), Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No.Y1090264) and Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (No.B210). REFERENCES [1] K. Siau and Z. Shen, "Mobile communications and mobile services,"International Journal of Mobile Communications, vol. 1, pp. 3-14, 2003. [2] E. Sanchez-Nielsen, S. Martin-Ruiz, and J. Rodriguez- Pedrianes, “An open and dynamical service oriented architecture for supporting mobile services,” In Proceedings of the 6th international Conference on Web Engineering , California, USA, pp. 121- 128, 2006. [3] M. Basuga, R. Belavic, A. Slipcevic, V. Podobnik, A. Petric, and I. Lovrek, “The MAgNet: Agent-based Middleware Enabling Social Networking for Mobile Users”, Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL’09), Zagreb, Croatia, 2009, in press. [4] C. L. Fok, G. C. Roman, and C.Y. Lu, “Agilla: a mobile agent middleware for self-adaptive communicationsensor networks,” ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems, pp.1-26, 2009. [5] L. Vrdoljak, I. Bojic, V. Podobnik, and M. Kusek, “The AMiGO-Mob: Agent-based Middleware for Grouporiented Mobile Service Provisioning,” Telecommunications, vol. 8, pp. 97-104, 2009. [6] M. H. Raza and M. A. Shibli, “A mobile agent middleware for multimedia services,” Advanced Communication Technology, pp. 1109-1114, 2007. [7] S. Mundle, N. Giri, A. Ray, and S. Bodhe, “JADE based multi agent system for mobile computing for cellular networks,” Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication and Control, pp.467-473, 2009. [8] A. Shemshadi, J. Soroor, and M. J. Tarokh, “Implementing a multi-agent system for the real-time coordination of a typical supply chain based on the JADE technology,” System of Systems Engineering, vol.2, pp.1-6, 2008. 61
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Proceedings The Second Internationa
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Table of Contents Message from the
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Zuming Xiao, Zhan Guo, Bin Tan, and
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Message from the Symposium Chairs T
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Second International Symposium on N
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model that can deal with time serie
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training for the Wushu competition
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B. Evaluation We have evaluated thi
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used as a source and neighboring ce
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Figure 3. Drainage networks generat
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Combinational logic unit failures i
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Tabal.1 Combinational fault logic t
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under the endorsement of both the m
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TABLE I. DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSITION
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Figure 2. The process of the invers
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Figure 9. (a)the original image.(b)
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In order to reduce to the number of
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that studying being going to be to
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Reference[10] analyzed the evolutio
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module, communication module, apper
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After the comprehensive performance
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system testing can be seen that the
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III. AUTONOMIC RESOURCE ALLOCATION
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The QoE i (T i ) is the ith user’
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nodes will be formed one cluster, t
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Where n is the number of data point
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Keyboard event Application User mod
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SQL Azure will eventually include a
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The nodes in the suffix tree are dr
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[3] Y. Li, S. M. Chung, and J. D. H
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some drilling fluid produces hydrog
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"normalization", whose membership b
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and minimum structural elements in
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esults of the spatial transform par
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B. Research on protocol actions Com
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work is funded
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A. Problem Description In a small b
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[4] Huang, Hung, and J. Y. jen Hsu.
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Further by calculating, the followi
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TABLE II. THE CONCENTRATION BETWEEN
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private key that obtained by using
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ontology, and the domain dictionary
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Eq.4 is NP-hard and can be solved b
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Where: G i is the selection field o
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If there is X j in a generation, wh
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Theorem 2.4([10]). Let L 1 and L 2
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The relation between the lattice im
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Figure 2. Example of single-step de
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evocation and the fourth group stor
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focused mainly on rule-based forms
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Ⅵ. CONCLUSION Figure 6. The Flask
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EDCF in comparison with DCF, has so
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B. Simulation results and analysis
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in routing table. When search resou
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others through the selective emotio
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such as weather information, techno
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the opening window, a related page
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1) Process context storage areas. I
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V. CONCLUSION In this thesis, sCPU-
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main types of horizontal search env
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Enterprise Portal security provides
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[2] Kumaravel, N., and Kavitha, V.,
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output, so BP network has been wide
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input to the artificial neural netw
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(2) In a process (tokens from outsi
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The reduction process consists of t
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all eight normal vectors are identi
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is B object , and the number of emp
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xi, j y' = εα ( (1 + tanh( )) −
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Error 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000
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Architecture (AMBA) a new bus archi
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In order to ensure the smooth proce
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In this paper, we adopt two Sobel o
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four layers.The far right of the gr
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TABLE II. OPERATIONAL EMPLOYEE TABL
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A. Object-relational Type To audit
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to execution time. Also, DBA would
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Liping Chen .......................
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