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Steel Designers' Manual - 6th Edition (2003)
974 Erection
it offers provides a unique vehicle for the incorporation of a wide range of construction
expertise into the design process, with the ultimate objective of achieving
building designs and construction which offer clients better value for money.
33.3.2 Programming
Resources can be best utilized when the delivery and erection operations are well
planned to follow a logical sequence. Typically, civil and other trades need to be sufficiently
ahead of the steel erection (i.e. one week minimum) to allow for a reasonable
flow of uninterrupted work. This will allow the steelwork contractor time to
survey the foundation bolts prior to accepting them. It is not unusual for the civil
contractor to have to carry out minor remedial work due to poor alignment of the
holding-down bolts, and to this end it is advisable to allow the maximum time
possible for handovers. Accurate positioning of foundations is essential, and
tolerances defined in the specification and the National Structural Steelwork
Specification (NSSS) 3 should be strictly adhered to.
Access restrictions or phasing of the works often govern the sequence of
erection, which normally follows a grid pattern, split into zones. The siting of the
erection crane will also dictate the construction pattern. Once the sequence and
phasing have been agreed, the steelwork contractor can determine the resources
required to meet the programme.
33.3.3 Delivery and off-loading of steelwork
A construction sequence programme is agreed prior to delivery of any materials to
site, from which a delivery schedule may be produced. A more detailed piece-bypiece
schedule for the steel erection method will need to be carried out to ensure
smooth working on site. Particular attention should be paid to the logistics of this
exercise to prevent members being missed out, double handling of materials on site,
lorries being under-utilized, and the positioning of steel in the wrong location.
Delivery of the steelwork is normally in 20-tonne lorry loads, often sub-divided
into four bundles of 5 tonnes each to suit tower crane capacity, on a ‘just in time’
delivery sequence in order to alleviate site congestion, and minimize double handling
and on-site damage. Material needs to be stacked in the lorry for easy offloading,
with items that are needed first, readily available. Often the loading of the
lorry can be dictated by crane off-loading capacity or stability of the load as columns
are usually required first, yet they need to be at the bottom of the load because of
their weight.
Shakedown areas (areas for separating and selecting steel bundles) are required
on site to allow the sorting of the steelwork. The area should be firm and level with
a plentiful supply of wooden sleepers or other suitable material. The steel members